oop08.py

import csv

class Item:
    pay_rate = 0.8 # The pay rate after 20% discount
    all = [] # list to store all instances of Item class
    # constructor
    def __init__(self, name: str, price: float, quantity=0):
        # Run validation to the received arguments
        assert price >= 0, f"Price {price} is not greater than or equal to zero!"
        assert quantity >=0, f"Quantity {quantity} is not greater than or equal to zero!"

        # assigning to self object
        self.name = name            # instance attributes
        self.price = price          # instance attributes
        self.quantity = quantity    # instance attributes

        # append the instance to the all list
        Item.all.append(self)

    def calculate_total_price(self):
        return self.price * self.quantity
    
    def apply_discount(self):
        self.price = self.price * self.pay_rate # accessing class attribute via insta nce

    @classmethod # decorator to define a class method
    def instantiate_from_csv(cls):
        with open('oop07instances.csv', 'r') as f:
            reader = csv.DictReader(f)
            items = list(reader)

            for item in items:
                Item(
                    name = item.get('name'),
                    price = float(item.get('price')),
                    quantity = int(item.get('quantity')),
                )
    
    @staticmethod
    def is_integer(num):
        # checks if given parameter is instance of a float or int
        if isinstance(num, float):
            # count out the floats that are point zero
            return num.is_integer()
        elif isinstance(num, int):
            return True
        else:
            return False
        

    # __repr__ method to return a string representation of the object
    def __repr__(self):
        return f"Item('{self.name}', {self.price}, {self.quantity})"


print(Item.is_integer(7.0))  # True