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Install Ubuntu in Oracle VirtualBox on Windows

1. Install Oracle VirtualBox

  1. Download the latest Windows installer from the official site: https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
  2. Run the installer and follow the wizard (default options are fine). Reboot if prompted.

2. Create a New Ubuntu VM

  1. Open VirtualBox → New.
  2. Name: Ubuntu 22.04 (or any name you like).
  3. Type: Linux, Version: Ubuntu (64-bit).
  4. Allocate Memory: 4096 MB (or more if available).
  5. Create a Virtual Hard Disk → VDI, dynamically allocated, size 25 GB (or larger).

3. Attach the Ubuntu ISO

  1. Select the newly created VM → Settings → Storage.
  2. Under Controller: IDE, click the empty optical drive and then the small CD icon → Choose a disk file.
  3. Browse to the Ubuntu ISO you downloaded (e.g., C:\Downloads\ubuntu-22.04-desktop-amd64.iso).

4. Adjust System Settings (Optional but recommended)

  • System > Motherboard: Enable EFI (only for UEFI‑based ISOs).
  • Processor: Allocate 2‑4 CPU cores.
  • Display > Screen: Increase Video Memory to 128 MB.

5. Start the VM and Install Ubuntu

  1. Click Start.
  2. The VM will boot from the ISO – choose Install Ubuntu.
  3. Follow the regular Ubuntu installer steps (keyboard, updates, installation type → Erase disk and install Ubuntu – this only erases the virtual disk, not your host).
  4. When installation finishes, the VM will reboot. You may be prompted to remove the ISO – go back to Storage and detach it, then start the VM again.

6. Post‑Installation Tweaks

  • Install Guest Additions for better mouse/clipboard integration: 
    sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y build-essential dkms linux-headers-$(uname -r)
sudo apt install -y virtualbox-guest-utils
  • Set up Shared Folders in VirtualBox settings → Shared Folders → Add → folder path on Windows and mount it inside Ubuntu: 
    sudo mkdir /mnt/shared
sudo mount -t vboxsf SharedFolderName /mnt/shared
  • Adjust display resolution via View > Auto-resize Guest Display.

Tip: Snapshots – take a snapshot after a fresh install so you can revert easily.