Rinha_Tutorial.md

1. Comments: The code includes both single-line (//) and multi-line (/* */) comments for adding explanatory notes to the code.

2. Variable Declarations:

   • Variables are declared using the let keyword, followed by the variable name and an initial value.
   • Examples:

   let var_name = 10
   let bool_var = true
   let other_bool_var = false
   

3. Function Declarations:

   • Functions are defined using the fn keyword.
   • Only Anonymous functions are defined by specifying parameters and a code block.
   • Example:

   let add_function = fn (a, b) => {
        a + b 
    }
   

4. Conditional Statements:

   • Conditional statements are shown using an if...else construct within a function.
   • The code demonstrates a simple if-else function.
   • Example:

    let if_else_funtion = fn (size) => { 
        if (size < 100) { "small" } else { "big" } 
    }
   

5. Tuples:

   • Tuples with two values are created using parentheses.
   • Example: let some_tuple = (1, 2)

6. Global Functions:

   • The code mentions global functions like print, first, and second.
   • print is used to output text.
   • first and second are used to access the elements of a tuple.
   • Example: print("The print() global function"), print(first((1, 2)))

7. Arithmetic Operators:

   • Basic arithmetic operations are demonstrated, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
   • Division is shown to truncate decimals.
   • Examples:

    let sum = 10 + 10
    let minus = 10 - 10
    let multi = 10 * 10
    let div = 5 / 2
   

8. Logical Operators:

   • Logical operators such as equality, inequality, less than, greater than, less than or equal, greater than or equal, logical AND, and logical OR are used.
   • Examples:

   let equals = "a" == "a" 
   let negation = "a" != "b"
   let less_than = 1 < 2`
   let and = true && false`
   let or = false || true