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limits.h - Implementation Limits

Category: 📂 std/ (C Standard Library)
Header: <limits.h>
Scope: C89, C99, C11

The limits.h header defines macros for the sizes and ranges of integer types and character types.

Facilities Overview

Facility Category Key Symbols Description
Character Types CHAR_BIT, MB_LEN_MAX Bit width and multibyte length.
Integer Types INT_MIN, INT_MAX, LONG_MAX Bounds for signed and unsigned integer types.

Types & Variables

Character Types

Macro Typical Value Description
CHAR_BIT 8 Number of bits in a char.
SCHAR_MIN -128 Minimum value of signed char.
SCHAR_MAX 127 Maximum value of signed char.
UCHAR_MAX 255 Maximum value of unsigned char.
CHAR_MIN 0 or SCHAR_MIN Minimum value of char (implementation-defined).
CHAR_MAX UCHAR_MAX or SCHAR_MAX Maximum value of char (implementation-defined).
MB_LEN_MAX 1 Maximum number of bytes in a multibyte character.

Integer Types

Macro Typical Value Description
SHRT_MIN -32768 Minimum value of short.
SHRT_MAX 32767 Maximum value of short.
USHRT_MAX 65535 Maximum value of unsigned short.
INT_MIN -2147483648 Minimum value of int.
INT_MAX 2147483647 Maximum value of int.
UINT_MAX 4294967295 Maximum value of unsigned int.
LONG_MIN -9223372036854775808 Minimum value of long.
LONG_MAX 9223372036854775807 Maximum value of long.
ULONG_MAX 18446744073709551615 Maximum value of unsigned long.
LLONG_MIN -9223372036854775808 Minimum value of long long.
LLONG_MAX 9223372036854775807 Maximum value of long long.
ULLONG_MAX 18446744073709551615 Maximum value of unsigned long long.
Example 
#include <limits.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {
    printf("Number of bits in a char: %d\n", CHAR_BIT);
    printf("Maximum value of an int: %d\n", INT_MAX);
    printf("Maximum value of an unsigned int: %u\n", UINT_MAX);
    printf("Minimum value of a long long: %lld\n", LLONG_MIN);
    printf("Maximum value of an unsigned long long: %llu\n", ULLONG_MAX);
    return 0;
}