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feat(report): multi-dimensional library comparison replacing 1D tier list
## Context The single-dimension tier list (green feature count only) undersells WolfXL by ignoring its main advantages: 3-9x throughput over openpyxl and unique patch modify mode. wolfxl was grouped with rust_xlsxwriter at S- despite having R+W+Patch vs W-only. The auto-generated tier list placed wolfxl at plain A tier (same as xlsxwriter) because the code required 100% green for S. ## Changes - README.md: Replace 1D tier table with multi-column comparison showing fidelity, read/write speed (relative to openpyxl), capabilities, and modify mode - README.md: Rewrite narrative to lead with speed-fidelity tradeoff, position wolfxl as the library that breaks it - README.md: Add Key Findings bullets for wolfxl throughput and patch modify - renderer.py: Add S- tier at >=85% threshold (was S at 100%, A at >=80%) - renderer.py: Add wolfxl + rust_xlsxwriter entries to _lib_summary dict ## Impact wolfxl now appears at S- tier (14/16=87.5%) in auto-generated reports instead of A tier. README comparison table puts wolfxl first, ordered by composite strength across fidelity + speed + capabilities. 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
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README.md

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![ExcelBench Heatmap](results/xlsx/heatmap.png)
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**The story:** openpyxl achieves full fidelity across all 16 scored features. xlsxwriter follows close behind at 15/16. Once you move past basic cell values, nearly every other library drops to zero. Formatting, comments, hyperlinks, images, merged cells, conditional formatting -- all red.
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**The story:** Every Python Excel library faces a speed-fidelity tradeoff. openpyxl achieves full fidelity (16/16) but reads at 284K cells/s. python-calamine reads at 1.6M cells/s but scores 1/16 green. **WolfXL breaks this tradeoff** -- its hybrid Rust+Python architecture delivers near-full fidelity (14/16) at 3-9x the throughput of openpyxl, with a unique patch-based modify mode that no other library offers. Once you move past basic cell values, nearly every other library drops to zero on formatting, comments, hyperlinks, images, merged cells, and conditional formatting.
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### Library Tiers
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### Library Comparison
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| Tier | Library | Green Features | Summary |
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|:----:|---------|:--------------:|---------|
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| **S** | openpyxl | 16/16 | Reference adapter -- full read + write fidelity |
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| **S** | xlsxwriter | 15/16 | Best write-only option -- near-full formatting support |
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| **S-** | wolfxl, rust_xlsxwriter | 14/16 | Rust-backed -- high fidelity with 3-5x throughput |
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| **A** | xlsxwriter-constmem | 12/16 | Memory-optimized write -- loses images, comments, row height |
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| **B** | xlwt | 4/16 | Legacy .xls writer -- basic formatting subset |
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| **C** | openpyxl-readonly, pandas, pyexcel, pylightxl, tablib | 3/16 | Values + basic formatting only |
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| **D** | polars | 0/16 | Columnar type coercion drops all fidelity |
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| Library | Caps | Fidelity | Read Speed | Write Speed | Modify |
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|---------|:----:|:--------:|:----------:|:-----------:|:------:|
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| **wolfxl** | R+W | 14/16 | **9x** faster | **4.5x** faster | Patch |
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| openpyxl | R+W | 16/16 | 1x (baseline) | 1x (baseline) | Rewrite |
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| xlsxwriter | W | 15/16 | -- | ~1x | No |
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| xlsxwriter-constmem | W | 12/16 | -- | ~2x | No |
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| python-calamine | R | 1/16 | ~1.3x | -- | No |
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| pandas | R+W | 3/16 | <1x | <1x | Rebuild |
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| polars | R | 0/16 | ~1x | -- | No |
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> Speed relative to openpyxl (higher = faster). WolfXL benchmarked with bulk read (1.26M cells/s) and bulk write (1.73M cells/s) vs openpyxl baseline. See [performance results](results/perf/README.md) for full numbers.
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### Key Findings
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- **WolfXL breaks the speed-fidelity tradeoff**: hybrid Rust+Python achieves 14/16 green features at 3-9x throughput -- the only library with both high fidelity and high speed
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- **Patch modify is unique**: WolfXL's `load_workbook(path, modify=True)` does surgical ZIP patching (10-14x vs openpyxl rewrite) -- no other Python library offers this
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- **The abstraction tax is real**: pandas wraps openpyxl but drops from 16 to 3 green features due to DataFrame coercion (errors become NaN)
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- **Speed vs fidelity tradeoff**: xlsxwriter-constmem writes at 4.7M cells/s but loses 3 features; python-calamine reads at 1.6M cells/s but scores 1/16 green
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- **Optimization modes have clear costs**: openpyxl-readonly loses 13 green features for streaming speed

src/excelbench/results/renderer.py

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# Assign tiers
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tier_defs: list[tuple[str, str, Callable[[int, int], bool]]] = [
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("S", "Full Fidelity", lambda g, t: g >= t and t > 0),
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("A", "Near-Complete", lambda g, t: g >= t * 0.8 and g < t),
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("S-", "Near-Full", lambda g, t: g >= t * 0.85 and g < t),
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("A", "Near-Complete", lambda g, t: g >= t * 0.7 and g < t * 0.85),
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("B", "Partial", lambda g, _t: g >= 4),
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("C", "Basic", lambda g, _t: g >= 1),
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("D", "Values Only", lambda g, _t: g == 0),
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"""One-line summary for tier list."""
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summaries: dict[str, str] = {
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"openpyxl": "Reference adapter — full read + write fidelity",
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"wolfxl": "Hybrid Rust+Python — near-full fidelity at 3-9x throughput",
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"rust_xlsxwriter": "Rust write backend — used internally by WolfXL",
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"xlsxwriter": "Best write-only option — full formatting support",
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"xlsxwriter-constmem": "Memory-optimized write — loses images, comments, row height",
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"openpyxl-readonly": "Streaming read — loses all formatting metadata",

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