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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>R語言與資料處理</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="description" content="R語言與資料處理">
<meta name="author" content="Wush Wu, HJ Hsu and Johnson Hsieh">
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<script data-main="libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/js/slides"
src="libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/js/require-1.0.8.min.js">
</script>
</head>
<body style="opacity: 0">
<slides class="layout-widescreen">
<!-- LOGO SLIDE -->
<slide class="title-slide segue nobackground">
<hgroup class="auto-fadein">
<h1>R語言與資料處理</h1>
<h2></h2>
<p>Wush Wu, HJ Hsu and Johnson Hsieh<br/></p>
</hgroup>
<article></article>
</slide>
<!-- SLIDES -->
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-1" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2>環境與課程安裝程序</h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<ul>
<li>請參照R語言翻轉教室 <a href="http://www.datascienceandr.org">http://www.datascienceandr.org</a> </li>
<li>或者舉手發問請講師與助教幫忙處理</li>
<li>關於R語言翻轉教室與swirl</li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="" id="slide-2" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>關於swirl</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<ul>
<li>使用自己電腦的同學，請依照課程網頁更新教材
<img src='assets/img/Selection_008.png' style='width: 100%'></img></li>
</ul>
<p>打開R ，執行<code>source("http://wush978.github.io/R/init-swirl.R")</code></p>
<p>輸入<code>library(swirl);swirl()</code>後即進入教學環境</p>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-3" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>關於swirl</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<h3>這次新增了以下指令：</h3>
<ul>
<li><code>chat()</code> 可以打開聊天室</li>
<li><code>issue()</code> 可以打開issues</li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="dark segue" id="slide-4" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>R 的資料處理技術</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-5" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>R 是一套完整的資料科學解決方案</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<ul>
<li><strong>資料存讀取</strong></li>
<li><strong>資料處理</strong></li>
<li>資料分析 (Statistics, MLDM)</li>
<li>資料視覺化</li>
<li>資料儀表盤</li>
<li>Presentation and storytelling</li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="" id="slide-6" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>R語言的資料讀取/處理技術</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<div style="float:left;width:48%;" class="">
<h3>讀取儲存於磁碟的資料</h3>
<ul>
<li><code>RBasic-07-Loading-Data</code></li>
</ul>
<h3>讀取來自不同資料源與格式的資料</h3>
<ul>
<li><code>RDataEngineer-02-XML</code></li>
<li><code>RDataEngineer-03-JSON</code></li>
<li><code>RDataEngineer-04-Database</code></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="float:right;width:48%;" class="">
<h3>處理非結構化資料</h3>
<ul>
<li><code>RDataEngineer-01-Parsing</code></li>
</ul>
<h3>處理與進一步整理結構化資料的技術</h3>
<ul>
<li><code>RDataEngineer-05-Data-Manipulation</code></li>
</ul>
<h3>將不同的表格資料融合運用</h3>
<ul>
<li><code>RDataEngineer-06-Join</code></li>
</ul>
</div>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="dark segue" id="slide-7" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>RBasic-07-Loading-Data</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-8" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>R 預設的讀取資料技術</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<ul>
<li><p>套件中的資料</p>
<ul>
<li>預設的資料集，如 <code>iris</code></li>
<li>載入套件帶來的資料集，如 <code>data(spider, package = "iNEXT")</code></li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>CSV (comma-separated values)</p>
<ul>
<li>以逗號區隔的結構化資料 (structured data)</li>
<li>每一列都有同樣多的資料欄</li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>TSV (Tab Separated Values)</p></li>
<li><p>中文編碼</p></li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-9" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>CSV 的眉眉角角</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<pre><code>
Year,Make,Model,
1997,Ford,E350
2000,Mercury,Cougar
"1997","Ford","E350"
1997,Ford,E350,"super, luxurious truck"
1997,Ford,E350,"super, ""luxurious"" truck"
1997, Ford, E350
1997,Ford,E350,4.9
</code>
</pre>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="" id="slide-10" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>字符編碼（Encoding）</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<ul>
<li><p>人類習慣的是 10 進位 (Decimal) </p>
<ul>
<li>0, 1, 2, 3, …, 10, …, 15, 16, …, 175</li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>電腦用的是 2 進位 (Binary) </p>
<ul>
<li>0, 1, 10, 11, …, 1010, …, 1111, 10000, …, 10101111</li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>16 進位 (Hexadecimal, Hex) </p>
<ul>
<li>0, 1, 2, 3, …, A, …, F, 10, …, AF </li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>1 Byte (位元組) = 8 bit (位元) 是目前電腦計算記憶體的基本單位</p></li>
<li><p>1 Byte 可以表達 0 – 255 的值，正好可以用兩個 Hex Code 表達 (16 = 24) </p>
<ul>
<li>00000001 ==> 0000,0001 ==> 01</li>
<li>00110101 ==> 0011,0101 ==> 35</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-11" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>範例：文字的"0"與數字的0L</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<ul>
<li>整數0L的記憶體，寫成hex code是 00 00 00 00 (佔有四個位元組)</li>
<li>文字"0"的記憶體，寫成hex code是 30 (佔有一個位元組)</li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-12" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>編碼(Encoding)</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<ul>
<li>把位元組的組合轉換成文字的規則</li>
<li>ASCII
<ul>
<li>30 => "0"、41 => "A"、0D => Enter(\r)、0A => 換行(\n)</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-13" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>中文編碼</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<ul>
<li><p>UTF-8 </p>
<ul>
<li>E4 B8 AD => "中"</li>
<li>E6 96 87 => "文"</li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>BIG5 </p>
<ul>
<li>A4 A4 => "中"</li>
<li>A4 E5 => "文"</li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>以 UTF-8 編碼寫成的 「中文」二字，在電腦看來是 </p>
<ul>
<li>E4 B8 AD E6 96 87</li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>若是以 BIG5 編碼讀入，會變成 「銝剜 」</p></li>
<li><p>讀取中文檔案時，必須先確定編碼，否則無法正確讀取</p></li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-14" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>編碼101</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<ul>
<li><p><code>iconv</code> </p>
<ul>
<li>R 環境中轉換字元的函式，請以 <code>?iconv</code> 閱讀其說明文件</li>
</ul></li>
<li><p><code>Encoding</code>, <code>fileEncoding</code> </p>
<ul>
<li>R 環境中用來讀取資料的函式常見的參數，用來設定來源資料的編碼型態</li>
</ul></li>
<li><p><code>Sys.getlocale()</code>, <code>Sys.setlocale(locale = "cht")</code> </p>
<ul>
<li>R 環境用來設定語境的環境變數，可以減少部分編碼帶來的困擾</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-15" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2>Let’s do it</h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<ul>
<li>實際利用 R 讀取中文編碼的檔案</li>
<li>請同學們完成 <code>RBasic-07-Loading-Data</code></li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="dark segue" id="slide-16" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>RDataEngineer-01-Parsing</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="" id="slide-17" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>非結構化的資料</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<ul>
<li>請問電腦如何知道以下資訊的意義？</li>
</ul>
<pre><code>
64.242.88.10 - - [07/Mar/2004:16:05:49 -0800] "GET /twiki/bin/edit/Main/Double_bounce_sender?topicparent=Main.ConfigurationVariables HTTP/1.1" 401 12846
64.242.88.10 - - [07/Mar/2004:16:06:51 -0800] "GET /twiki/bin/rdiff/TWiki/NewUserTemplate?rev1=1.3&rev2=1.2 HTTP/1.1" 200 4523
</code></pre>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-18" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>什麼是Parsing?</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<ul>
<li>根據Domain Knowledge，告訴電腦資料的規則
<ul>
<li>位置，如經緯度 121<strong>E</strong>25<strong>N</strong></li>
<li>分隔符號，如逗號、分號、冒號等</li>
<li><em>Regular Expression</em> 正規表示式
<ul>
<li>身分證字號的正規表示式:
<ul>
<li><code>^[A-Z]{1}[1-2]{1}[0-9]{8}$</code></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-19" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2>Let’s do it</h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<ul>
<li>實際利用 R 處理非結構化的資料</li>
<li>請同學們完成 <code>RDataEngineer-01-Parsing</code></li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="dark segue" id="slide-20" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>讀取格式迥異的資料 (02-04)</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-21" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>RDataEngineer-02-XML</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<h3>XML(eXtensible Markup Language)</h3>
<ul>
<li>讓電腦能理解資料意義的資料格式
<ul>
<li>標籤</li>
<li>屬性</li>
<li>內容</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<pre><code><?xml version="1.0"?>
<小紙條>
<收件人>大元</收件人>
<發件人>小張</發件人>
<主題>問候</主題>
<具體內容>早啊，飯吃了沒？ </具體內容>
</小紙條>
</code></pre>
<p><small>出自：<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML#.E4.BE.8B">https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML#.E4.BE.8B</a></small></p>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-22" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>HTML (HyperText Markup Language)</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<ul>
<li>有規範的標籤</li>
<li>HTML用於撰寫網頁、XML用於傳輸資料</li>
</ul>
<pre><code>
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="loadxmldoc.js">
</script>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
xmlDoc=<a href="dom_loadxmldoc.asp">loadXMLDoc</a>("books.xml");
document.write("xmlDoc is loaded, ready for use");
</script>
</body>
</html>
</code></pre>
<p><small>出自：<a href="http://www.w3school.com.cn/tags/tag_pre.asp">http://www.w3school.com.cn/tags/tag_pre.asp</a></small></p>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-23" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>XPath(XML Path Language)</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<pre><code><A>
<B>
<C/>
</B>
</A>
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li><code>/A/B/C</code></li>
<li><code>//B</code></li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-24" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>RDataEngineer-03-JSON</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<h3>JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)</h3>
<pre><code>{
"firstName": "John",
"lastName": "Smith",
"sex": "male",
"age": 25
}
</code></pre>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-25" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<ul>
<li>字串：<code>"firstName"</code>, <code>"John"</code></li>
<li>數字： <code>25</code></li>
<li>陣列： <code>[1, 2, "3"]</code></li>
<li>物件： <code>{ "a" : 1, "b" : "string", "c" : { "c1" : 1 } }</code></li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-26" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>結構化資料</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<ul>
<li>非結構化資料：純文字</li>
<li>半結構化資料：CSV、XML、JSON</li>
<li>結構化資料：關聯式資料庫（<code>data.frame</code>）</li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-27" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>R 的物件導向系統</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
<pre><code class="r">library(RSQLite)
</code></pre>
<pre><code>Loading required package: DBI
</code></pre>
<pre><code>Loading required package: methods
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="r">methods("dbConnect")
</code></pre>
<pre><code>[1] dbConnect,SQLiteConnection-method dbConnect,SQLiteDriver-method
see '?methods' for accessing help and source code
</code></pre>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-28" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2>Let’s do it</h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<p>實際利用 R 來讀取來自不同型態資料源的資料
請同學們完成 </p>
<ul>
<li><code>RDataEngineer-02-XML</code></li>
<li><code>RDataEngineer-03-JSON</code></li>
<li><code>RDataEngineer-04-Database</code></li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="dark segue" id="slide-29" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>RDataEngineer-05-Data-Manipulation</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-30" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2>R 的結構化資料來源</h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<ul>
<li>內部：<code>data.frame</code>、<code>data.table</code></li>
<li>外部：關聯式資料庫</li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-31" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2>Grouped Operation</h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<ul>
<li><code>group_by</code>
<ul>
<li>分類</li>
</ul></li>
<li>對<code>group_by</code>的輸出做操作<br>
<ul>
<li>同步操作</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-32" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2>Grouped Operation</h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<ul>
<li><code>summarise(flights, mean(dep_delay, na.rm = TRUE))</code>
<ul>
<li><code>######## == summarise ==> result</code></li>
</ul></li>
<li><code>group_by(flights, month) %>% summarise(flight, mean(dep_delay, na.rm = TRUE))</code>
<ul>
<li>######### == group_by ==> ### ### ###
<ul>
<li>### == summarise ==> result1</li>
<li>### == summarise ==> result2</li>
<li>### == summarise ==> result3</li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-33" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2>程式碼的壓縮</h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<pre><code>x1 <- filter(flights, ...)
x2 <- select(x1, ...)
x3 <- summarise(x2, ...)
</code></pre>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-34" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2>程式碼的壓縮</h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<ul>
<li>把<code>x1</code>用<code>filter(flights, ...)</code>取代</li>
</ul>
<pre><code>x2 <- select(filter(flights, ...), ...)
x3 <- summarise(x2, ...)
</code></pre>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-35" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2>程式碼的壓縮</h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<pre><code>summarise(select(filter(flights, ...), ...), ...)
</code></pre>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-36" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2>Pipeline Operator</h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<p>把<code>filter</code>的結果放到<code>select</code>的第一個參數</p>
<pre><code>x2 <-
filter(flights, ...) %>%
select(...)
x3 <- summarise(x2, ...)
</code></pre>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-37" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2>Pipeline Operator</h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<p>把<code>filter</code>的結果放到<code>select</code>的第一個參數
把<code>select</code>的結果放到<code>summarise</code>的第一個參數</p>
<pre><code>x3 <-
filter(flights, ...) %>%
select(...) %>%
summarise(...)
</code></pre>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="segue dark" id="slide-38" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>RDataEngineer-06-Join</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-39" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2>多資料源能激盪出更高的價值</h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<ul>
<li>flights</li>
<li>flights + weather</li>
<li>flights + weather + airports</li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-40" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2><code>left_join</code></h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<p><img src="http://i.imgur.com/K8EKfm4.png" alt=""></p>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-41" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2><code>right_join</code></h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<p><img src="http://imgur.com/ttI9e0s.png" alt=""></p>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-42" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2><code>inner_join</code></h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<p><img src="http://imgur.com/4d64EXX.png" alt=""></p>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-43" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2><code>full_join</code></h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<p><img src="http://imgur.com/IHm04sD.png" alt=""></p>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-44" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2><code>anti_join</code></h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<p><img src="http://imgur.com/QxcF0Fk.png" alt=""></p>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-45" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2><code>semi_join</code></h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<p><img src="http://i.imgur.com/M2UF1mM.png" alt=""></p>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="segue dark" id="slide-46" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;">
<hgroup>
<h2>結束之後...</h2>
</hgroup>
<article data-timings="">
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="largecontent" id="slide-47" style="background-image: url('libraries/frameworks/io2012-wush/images/background.png'); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:center; background-size: 100% 100%;" >
<hgroup>
<h2>你已經是一個初階的資料科學家</h2>
</hgroup>
<article class = 'flexbox vcenter'>
<p><center><img src='assets/img/Data_Science_VD.png' style='width: 50%'></img></center>
<small>出處：<www.forbes.com></small></p>
<ul>
<li>政府採購資料 v.s. 公司基本資料</li>
<li>各里開票結果 v.s. 各里收入中位數</li>
<li>登革熱病例變化 v.s. 電子發票</li>
</ul>
</article>
<!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>
<slide class="backdrop"></slide>
</slides>
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