go-ethereum

Go-ethereum (or Geth for short) is one of the most widely used client implementations of the Ethereum protocol, it's written in Go.

Features

Dev mode. Run a private network with an account already having a practically infinite amount of ether.
GraphQL to query a local node. Start geth with geth --graphql, then point your browser to http://localhost:8547 where you can enter and execute GraphQL queries.
Puppeth to manage a private network. See puppeth -h after you installed Geth.
Clef to sign transactions in a reasonably secure way, which can replace the client's account management.
Tracing

Install Geth. Then you have two easy options

Sync with a testnet running geth --goerli --syncmode "light"
Or run your private network geth --dev. It will create a new account (if none exists), and put a lot of ether on it.

You can interact with Geth in a number of ways:

JavaScript console if you run geth attach in another terminal.
Using a graphql client at the http://localhost:8547/graphql endpoint if you started geth with geth --graphql.
With the standard JSON RPC AP if you started geth with geth --rpc.