diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 5199a53..6e26988 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -10,4 +10,6 @@ build
 dist
 node_modules
 coverage
-compile_commands.json
\ No newline at end of file
+compile_commands.json
+_codeql_build_dir
+_codeql_detected_source_root
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/include/ds/rule.hh b/include/ds/rule.hh
index 81745cd..732a42c 100644
--- a/include/ds/rule.hh
+++ b/include/ds/rule.hh
@@ -115,6 +115,13 @@ namespace ds {
         /// @param check_tail 可选的尾指针检查。
         /// @return 自身，如果匹配失败则返回nullptr，如果尾指针检查失败则返回nullptr，在尾指针检查正常时，匹配失败会将本对象设置为null。
         rule_t* match(rule_t* rule_1, rule_t* rule_2, std::byte* check_tail = nullptr);
+
+        /// @brief 将rule中的所有variable添加prefix和suffix, 结果更新至本对象。
+        /// @param rule 待被重命名的rule。
+        /// @param prefix_and_suffix 只有一个conclusion的rule，conclusion是含有两个list的list，每个内部list包含0或1个item，分别表示prefix和suffix。
+        /// @param check_tail 可选的尾指针检查。
+        /// @return 自身，是一个rule_t对象的指针，如果尾指针检查失败则返回nullptr。
+        rule_t* rename(rule_t* rule, rule_t* prefix_and_suffix, std::byte* check_tail = nullptr);
     };
 } // namespace ds
 
diff --git a/include/ds/term.hh b/include/ds/term.hh
index 886394f..b80120e 100644
--- a/include/ds/term.hh
+++ b/include/ds/term.hh
@@ -154,6 +154,13 @@ namespace ds {
         /// @param check_tail 可选的尾指针检查。
         /// @return 自身，如果匹配失败则返回nullptr，如果尾指针检查失败则返回nullptr，在尾指针检查正常时，匹配失败会将本对象设置为null。
         term_t* match(term_t* term_1, term_t* term_2, const char* scope_1, const char* scope_2, std::byte* check_tail = nullptr);
+
+        /// @brief 将term中的所有variable添加prefix和suffix, 结果更新至本对象。
+        /// @param term 待被重命名的term。
+        /// @param prefix_and_suffix 含有两个list的list，每个内部list包含0或1个item，分别表示prefix和suffix。
+        /// @param check_tail 可选的尾指针检查。
+        /// @return 自身，是一个term_t对象的指针，如果尾指针检查失败则返回nullptr。
+        term_t* rename(term_t* term, term_t* prefix_and_suffix, std::byte* check_tail = nullptr);
     };
 } // namespace ds
 
diff --git a/src/rename.cc b/src/rename.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6fedc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rename.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+#include <cstring>
+
+#include <ds/helper.hh>
+#include <ds/item.hh>
+#include <ds/list.hh>
+#include <ds/rule.hh>
+#include <ds/term.hh>
+#include <ds/variable.hh>
+
+namespace ds {
+    namespace {
+        /// @brief 存储prefix和suffix字符串信息的结构体。
+        struct prefix_suffix_t {
+            char* prefix_str; // prefix字符串指针，如果prefix为空则为nullptr
+            length_t prefix_len; // prefix字符串长度
+            char* suffix_str; // suffix字符串指针，如果suffix为空则为nullptr
+            length_t suffix_len; // suffix字符串长度
+        };
+
+        /// @brief 从prefix_and_suffix中提取prefix和suffix字符串。
+        /// @param prefix_and_suffix 格式为((prefix) (suffix))的term，每个内部list包含0或1个item。
+        /// @param ps 输出参数，存储提取的prefix和suffix信息。
+        /// @return 成功返回true，格式错误返回false。
+        bool extract_prefix_suffix(term_t* prefix_and_suffix, prefix_suffix_t* ps) {
+            list_t* ps_list = prefix_and_suffix->list();
+            if (ps_list == nullptr || ps_list->get_list_size() != 2) [[unlikely]] {
+                return false;
+            }
+            // prefix_and_suffix格式为((prefix) (suffix))，每个元素是包含0或1个item的list
+            list_t* prefix_list = ps_list->term(0)->list();
+            list_t* suffix_list = ps_list->term(1)->list();
+            if (prefix_list == nullptr || suffix_list == nullptr) [[unlikely]] {
+                return false;
+            }
+            // 获取prefix字符串（如果list为空则为nullptr）
+            ps->prefix_str = nullptr;
+            ps->prefix_len = 0;
+            if (prefix_list->get_list_size() == 1) {
+                item_t* prefix_item = prefix_list->term(0)->item();
+                if (prefix_item == nullptr) [[unlikely]] {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                ps->prefix_str = prefix_item->name()->get_string();
+                // get_length()返回的是包含末尾\0的长度，所以需要减1
+                ps->prefix_len = prefix_item->name()->get_length() - 1;
+            } else if (prefix_list->get_list_size() != 0) [[unlikely]] {
+                return false;
+            }
+            // 获取suffix字符串（如果list为空则为nullptr）
+            ps->suffix_str = nullptr;
+            ps->suffix_len = 0;
+            if (suffix_list->get_list_size() == 1) {
+                item_t* suffix_item = suffix_list->term(0)->item();
+                if (suffix_item == nullptr) [[unlikely]] {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                ps->suffix_str = suffix_item->name()->get_string();
+                // get_length()返回的是包含末尾\0的长度，所以需要减1
+                ps->suffix_len = suffix_item->name()->get_length() - 1;
+            } else if (suffix_list->get_list_size() != 0) [[unlikely]] {
+                return false;
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /// @brief 内部递归函数，使用已提取的prefix和suffix字符串对term进行重命名。
+        /// @param result 存放结果的term指针。
+        /// @param term 待被重命名的term。
+        /// @param ps 包含prefix和suffix信息的结构体指针。
+        /// @param check_tail 可选的尾指针检查。
+        /// @return 成功返回result，失败返回nullptr。
+        term_t* rename_with_strings(term_t* result, term_t* term, prefix_suffix_t* ps, std::byte* check_tail) {
+            switch (term->get_type()) {
+            case term_type_t::variable: {
+                // get_length()返回的是包含末尾\0的长度，所以需要减1
+                length_t name_len = term->variable()->name()->get_length() - 1;
+                length_t new_len = ps->prefix_len + name_len + ps->suffix_len + 1;
+                if (result->set_variable(check_tail) == nullptr) [[unlikely]] {
+                    return nullptr;
+                }
+                if (result->variable()->name()->set_length(new_len, check_tail) == nullptr) [[unlikely]] {
+                    return nullptr;
+                }
+                char* name_str = term->variable()->name()->get_string();
+                char* dst = result->variable()->name()->get_string();
+                if (ps->prefix_len > 0) {
+                    memcpy(dst, ps->prefix_str, ps->prefix_len);
+                }
+                memcpy(dst + ps->prefix_len, name_str, name_len);
+                if (ps->suffix_len > 0) {
+                    memcpy(dst + ps->prefix_len + name_len, ps->suffix_str, ps->suffix_len);
+                }
+                dst[new_len - 1] = 0;
+                return result;
+            }
+            case term_type_t::item: {
+                if (check_before_fail(check_tail, result, term->data_size())) [[unlikely]] {
+                    return nullptr;
+                }
+                memcpy(result, term, term->data_size());
+                return result;
+            }
+            case term_type_t::list: {
+                list_t* src = term->list();
+                if (result->set_list(check_tail) == nullptr) [[unlikely]] {
+                    return nullptr;
+                }
+                list_t* dst = result->list();
+                if (dst->set_list_size(src->get_list_size(), check_tail) == nullptr) [[unlikely]] {
+                    return nullptr;
+                }
+                for (length_t index = 0; index < dst->get_list_size(); ++index) {
+                    if (rename_with_strings(dst->term(index), src->term(index), ps, check_tail) == nullptr) [[unlikely]] {
+                        return nullptr;
+                    }
+                    dst->update_term_size(index);
+                }
+                return result;
+            }
+            default:
+                return nullptr;
+            }
+        }
+    } // namespace
+
+    term_t* term_t::rename(term_t* term, term_t* prefix_and_suffix, std::byte* check_tail) {
+        // 在开头提取prefix和suffix字符串，避免每次递归时重复解析
+        prefix_suffix_t ps;
+        if (!extract_prefix_suffix(prefix_and_suffix, &ps)) [[unlikely]] {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        return rename_with_strings(this, term, &ps, check_tail);
+    }
+
+    rule_t* rule_t::rename(rule_t* rule, rule_t* prefix_and_suffix, std::byte* check_tail) {
+        term_t* ps_term = prefix_and_suffix->only_conclusion();
+        if (ps_term == nullptr) [[unlikely]] {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        // 在开头提取prefix和suffix字符串，避免每次递归时重复解析
+        prefix_suffix_t ps;
+        if (!extract_prefix_suffix(ps_term, &ps)) [[unlikely]] {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        list_t* dst = this;
+        list_t* src = rule;
+        if (dst->set_list_size(src->get_list_size(), check_tail) == nullptr) [[unlikely]] {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        for (length_t index = 0; index < dst->get_list_size(); ++index) {
+            if (rename_with_strings(dst->term(index), src->term(index), &ps, check_tail) == nullptr) [[unlikely]] {
+                return nullptr;
+            }
+            dst->update_term_size(index);
+        }
+        return this;
+    }
+} // namespace ds
diff --git a/tests/test_rename.cc b/tests/test_rename.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac2aebd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_rename.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+#include <ds/term.hh>
+#include <ds/utility.hh>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+class TestRename : public ::testing::Test {
+  protected:
+    const ds::length_t buffer_size = 200;
+
+    TestRename() { }
+    ~TestRename() override { }
+    void SetUp() override {
+        result_t = reinterpret_cast<ds::term_t*>(operator new(buffer_size));
+        result_r = reinterpret_cast<ds::rule_t*>(operator new(buffer_size));
+    }
+    void TearDown() override {
+        operator delete(result_t);
+        operator delete(result_r);
+    }
+
+    ds::term_t* result_t;
+    ds::rule_t* result_r;
+
+    void rename_term_check(const char* term_text, const char* prefix_suffix_text, const char* expect_text) {
+        auto term = ds::text_to_term(term_text, buffer_size);
+        auto prefix_suffix = ds::text_to_term(prefix_suffix_text, buffer_size);
+        EXPECT_NE(result_t->rename(term.get(), prefix_suffix.get(), nullptr), nullptr);
+        auto result = ds::term_to_text(result_t, buffer_size);
+        EXPECT_STREQ(result.get(), expect_text);
+        auto correct_length = result_t->data_size();
+        EXPECT_NE(result_t->rename(term.get(), prefix_suffix.get(), reinterpret_cast<std::byte*>(result_t) + correct_length), nullptr);
+        for (auto i = 0; i < correct_length; ++i) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(result_t->rename(term.get(), prefix_suffix.get(), reinterpret_cast<std::byte*>(result_t) + i), nullptr);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void rename_rule_check(const char* rule_text, const char* prefix_suffix_text, const char* expect_text) {
+        auto rule = ds::text_to_rule(rule_text, buffer_size);
+        auto prefix_suffix = ds::text_to_rule(prefix_suffix_text, buffer_size);
+        EXPECT_NE(result_r->rename(rule.get(), prefix_suffix.get(), nullptr), nullptr);
+        auto result = ds::rule_to_text(result_r, buffer_size);
+        EXPECT_STREQ(result.get(), expect_text);
+        auto correct_length = result_r->data_size();
+        EXPECT_NE(result_r->rename(rule.get(), prefix_suffix.get(), reinterpret_cast<std::byte*>(result_r) + correct_length), nullptr);
+        for (auto i = 0; i < correct_length; ++i) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(result_r->rename(rule.get(), prefix_suffix.get(), reinterpret_cast<std::byte*>(result_r) + i), nullptr);
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+TEST_F(TestRename, rename_term_variable) {
+    // Test basic variable renaming with new interface ((prefix) (suffix))
+    rename_term_check("`x", "((pre_) (_suf))", "`pre_x_suf");
+    rename_term_check("`abc", "((a_) (_z))", "`a_abc_z");
+    // Test with empty prefix (only suffix)
+    rename_term_check("`x", "(() (_suf))", "`x_suf");
+    rename_term_check("`var", "(() (suffix))", "`varsuffix");
+    // Test with empty suffix (only prefix)
+    rename_term_check("`x", "((pre_) ())", "`pre_x");
+    rename_term_check("`var", "((prefix) ())", "`prefixvar");
+    // Test with both empty (no change to variable name)
+    rename_term_check("`x", "(() ())", "`x");
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestRename, rename_term_item) {
+    // Items should not be renamed
+    rename_term_check("item", "((pre_) (_suf))", "item");
+    rename_term_check("abc", "((a_) (_z))", "abc");
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestRename, rename_term_list) {
+    // List with variables should have all variables renamed
+    rename_term_check("(`x `y)", "((p_) (_s))", "(`p_x_s `p_y_s)");
+    rename_term_check("(a `x b `y)", "((pre_) (_suf))", "(a `pre_x_suf b `pre_y_suf)");
+    // Nested lists
+    rename_term_check("((`x))", "((p_) (_s))", "((`p_x_s))");
+    rename_term_check("((`x `y) `z)", "((a_) (_b))", "((`a_x_b `a_y_b) `a_z_b)");
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestRename, rename_term_mixed) {
+    // Mixed term with item and variable
+    rename_term_check("(item `var)", "((pre) (_suf))", "(item `prevar_suf)");
+    rename_term_check("(f `a `b c)", "((x) (y))", "(f `xay `xby c)");
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestRename, rename_term_invalid) {
+    // Invalid prefix_and_suffix (not a list)
+    auto term = ds::text_to_term("`x", buffer_size);
+    auto invalid_ps = ds::text_to_term("item", buffer_size);
+    EXPECT_EQ(result_t->rename(term.get(), invalid_ps.get(), nullptr), nullptr);
+
+    // Invalid prefix_and_suffix (list size != 2)
+    auto invalid_ps_size = ds::text_to_term("((a))", buffer_size);
+    EXPECT_EQ(result_t->rename(term.get(), invalid_ps_size.get(), nullptr), nullptr);
+
+    auto invalid_ps_size3 = ds::text_to_term("((a) (b) (c))", buffer_size);
+    EXPECT_EQ(result_t->rename(term.get(), invalid_ps_size3.get(), nullptr), nullptr);
+
+    // Invalid prefix_and_suffix (elements are not lists)
+    auto invalid_ps_elem = ds::text_to_term("(a b)", buffer_size);
+    EXPECT_EQ(result_t->rename(term.get(), invalid_ps_elem.get(), nullptr), nullptr);
+
+    // Invalid prefix_and_suffix (inner list element is variable, not item)
+    auto invalid_ps_var = ds::text_to_term("((`a) (b))", buffer_size);
+    EXPECT_EQ(result_t->rename(term.get(), invalid_ps_var.get(), nullptr), nullptr);
+
+    // Invalid prefix_and_suffix (inner list has more than 1 element)
+    auto invalid_ps_multi = ds::text_to_term("((a b) (c))", buffer_size);
+    EXPECT_EQ(result_t->rename(term.get(), invalid_ps_multi.get(), nullptr), nullptr);
+
+    // Null term
+    ds::term_t* null_term = reinterpret_cast<ds::term_t*>(operator new(buffer_size));
+    null_term->set_null(nullptr);
+    auto valid_ps = ds::text_to_term("((a) (b))", buffer_size);
+    EXPECT_EQ(result_t->rename(null_term, valid_ps.get(), nullptr), nullptr);
+    operator delete(null_term);
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestRename, rename_rule_basic) {
+    rename_rule_check("`x", "((pre_) (_suf))", "----\n`pre_x_suf\n");
+    rename_rule_check("item", "((pre_) (_suf))", "----\nitem\n");
+    rename_rule_check("(`x `y)", "((a) (b))", "----\n(`axb `ayb)\n");
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestRename, rename_rule_with_premises) {
+    rename_rule_check(
+        "`p\n"
+        "`q\n"
+        "----------\n"
+        "`r\n",
+        "((pre_) (_suf))",
+        "`pre_p_suf\n"
+        "`pre_q_suf\n"
+        "----------\n"
+        "`pre_r_suf\n"
+    );
+
+    rename_rule_check(
+        "(`p -> `q)\n"
+        "`p\n"
+        "----------\n"
+        "`q\n",
+        "((x) (y))",
+        "(`xpy -> `xqy)\n"
+        "`xpy\n"
+        "--------------\n"
+        "`xqy\n"
+    );
+}