diff --git a/partitions.go b/partitions.go
index 0feb6c377..334805609 100644
--- a/partitions.go
+++ b/partitions.go
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ func (ps *PartitionSpec) CompatibleWith(other *PartitionSpec) bool {
 
 	return slices.EqualFunc(ps.fields, other.fields, func(left, right PartitionField) bool {
 		return slices.Equal(left.SourceIDs, right.SourceIDs) && left.Name == right.Name &&
-			left.Transform == right.Transform
+			left.Transform.Equals(right.Transform)
 	})
 }
 
diff --git a/partitions_test.go b/partitions_test.go
index 05b0546bf..e06764d3b 100644
--- a/partitions_test.go
+++ b/partitions_test.go
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package iceberg_test
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
+	"slices"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/apache/iceberg-go"
@@ -26,6 +27,18 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
+type nonComparableTransform struct {
+	iceberg.IdentityTransform
+	// values makes this transform non-comparable, which would have panicked with ==.
+	values []int
+}
+
+func (t nonComparableTransform) Equals(other iceberg.Transform) bool {
+	o, ok := other.(nonComparableTransform)
+
+	return ok && slices.Equal(t.values, o.values)
+}
+
 func TestPartitionSpec(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, 999, iceberg.UnpartitionedSpec.LastAssignedFieldID())
 
@@ -61,6 +74,71 @@ func TestPartitionSpec(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, 1002, spec3.LastAssignedFieldID())
 }
 
+func TestPartitionSpecCompatibleWithUsesTransformEquals(t *testing.T) {
+	spec := iceberg.NewPartitionSpec(iceberg.PartitionField{
+		SourceIDs: []int{1}, FieldID: 1001, Name: "id",
+		Transform: nonComparableTransform{values: []int{1, 2}},
+	})
+	sameTransformSpec := iceberg.NewPartitionSpec(iceberg.PartitionField{
+		SourceIDs: []int{1}, FieldID: 1002, Name: "id",
+		Transform: nonComparableTransform{values: []int{1, 2}},
+	})
+	differentTransformSpec := iceberg.NewPartitionSpec(iceberg.PartitionField{
+		SourceIDs: []int{1}, FieldID: 1003, Name: "id",
+		Transform: nonComparableTransform{values: []int{2, 3}},
+	})
+
+	require.NotPanics(t, func() {
+		assert.True(t, spec.CompatibleWith(&sameTransformSpec))
+		assert.False(t, spec.CompatibleWith(&differentTransformSpec))
+	})
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name       string
+		left       iceberg.Transform
+		right      iceberg.Transform
+		compatible bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:       "identical bucket transforms are compatible",
+			left:       iceberg.BucketTransform{NumBuckets: 16},
+			right:      iceberg.BucketTransform{NumBuckets: 16},
+			compatible: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "different bucket transforms are incompatible",
+			left:       iceberg.BucketTransform{NumBuckets: 16},
+			right:      iceberg.BucketTransform{NumBuckets: 32},
+			compatible: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "identical truncate transforms are compatible",
+			left:       iceberg.TruncateTransform{Width: 4},
+			right:      iceberg.TruncateTransform{Width: 4},
+			compatible: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "different truncate transforms are incompatible",
+			left:       iceberg.TruncateTransform{Width: 4},
+			right:      iceberg.TruncateTransform{Width: 8},
+			compatible: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			left := iceberg.NewPartitionSpec(iceberg.PartitionField{
+				SourceIDs: []int{1}, FieldID: 1001, Name: "id", Transform: tt.left,
+			})
+			right := iceberg.NewPartitionSpec(iceberg.PartitionField{
+				SourceIDs: []int{1}, FieldID: 1002, Name: "id", Transform: tt.right,
+			})
+
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.compatible, left.CompatibleWith(&right))
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestUnpartitionedWithVoidField(t *testing.T) {
 	spec := iceberg.NewPartitionSpec(iceberg.PartitionField{
 		SourceIDs: []int{3}, FieldID: 1001, Name: "void", Transform: iceberg.VoidTransform{},