[fix][client-cpp] Implement missing pulsar_message_set_schema_version in C API #1121

Job	Run time
Formatting Check	1m 41s
Run unit tests	33m 24s
Build the Wireshark dissector (ubuntu-latest)	50s
Lint	23m 23s
Build with the C++20 standard	5m 43s
Build CPP Client on macOS with static dependencies	2m 0s
Build CPP Client on Windows x64	1h 2m 18s
Build CPP Client on Windows x86	56m 40s
Build RPM x86_64	20m 22s
Build Alpine x86_64	30m 28s
Build Deb x86_64	20m 12s
Check Completion	3s
	4h 17m 4s

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