diff --git a/bin/build-from-local.ts b/bin/build-from-local.ts
index e131264..0c3d3f2 100644
--- a/bin/build-from-local.ts
+++ b/bin/build-from-local.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,13 @@ import type { ActorVersionSourceFile } from 'apify-client';
 
 import { ApifyBuilder, waitAndSummarizeBuilds } from './build.js';
 import type { ActorConfig, BuildData } from './types.js';
-import { getGitignoredPaths, isOutsideDir, listRepoFilePaths, toActorVersionSourceFile } from './utils.js';
+import {
+    getDockerignoredPaths,
+    getGitignoredPaths,
+    isOutsideDir,
+    listRepoFilePaths,
+    toActorVersionSourceFile,
+} from './utils.js';
 
 // JUST IN CASE. File patterns that commonly hold credentials — never ship these into a build, regardless
 // of sourceType or of whether the repo's .gitignore happens to list them. Everything else that should be
@@ -54,19 +60,30 @@ export const collectSourceFiles = async (actorName: string, actorDir: string): P
 // Candidates come from `git ls-files` (tracked + untracked, gitignored included) rather than a
 // manual directory walk — nested .gitignore files, `.git/info/exclude`, and global excludes are
 // all honored since this delegates to git itself instead of re-implementing gitignore matching,
-// and .git/ is never walked because git never lists its own internals here. `.actor/` (the Actor
-// specification folder) is always kept regardless of .gitignore, matching Apify CLI's own behavior.
-// Files matching the hardcoded secret-pattern backstop (keys, certs, .env variants) are dropped
-// unconditionally, .actor/ included, since those should never ship regardless of what .gitignore says.
+// and .git/ is never walked because git never lists its own internals here. `.dockerignore` at
+// `rootDir` (the Docker build context) is honored the same way, since those files would never
+// reach a real Docker build either. `.actor/` (the Actor specification folder) is always kept
+// regardless of .gitignore/.dockerignore, matching Apify CLI's own behavior. Files matching the
+// hardcoded secret-pattern backstop (keys, certs, .env variants) are dropped unconditionally,
+// .actor/ included, since those should never ship regardless of what the ignore files say.
 export const collectNonIgnoredFiles = (rootDir: string, repoRoot: string): string[] => {
     const relativePaths = listRepoFilePaths(repoRoot, rootDir);
     const ignoredPaths = getGitignoredPaths(relativePaths);
+    const rootRelativePaths = new Map(
+        relativePaths.map((relPath) => [
+            relPath,
+            path.relative(rootDir, path.join(repoRoot, relPath)).split(path.sep).join('/'),
+        ]),
+    );
+    const dockerIgnoredPaths = getDockerignoredPaths(rootDir, [...rootRelativePaths.values()]);
 
     return relativePaths
         .filter((relPath) => {
             if (isSecretFile(path.basename(relPath))) return false;
             const isUnderActorDir = relPath.split('/').includes('.actor');
-            return isUnderActorDir || !ignoredPaths.has(relPath);
+            if (isUnderActorDir) return true;
+            if (ignoredPaths.has(relPath)) return false;
+            return !dockerIgnoredPaths.has(rootRelativePaths.get(relPath)!);
         })
         .map((relPath) => path.join(repoRoot, relPath));
 };
diff --git a/bin/utils.ts b/bin/utils.ts
index 1c12086..841b6aa 100644
--- a/bin/utils.ts
+++ b/bin/utils.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 import { spawnSync } from 'node:child_process';
+import fsSync from 'node:fs';
 import fs from 'node:fs/promises';
+import os from 'node:os';
 import path from 'node:path';
 
 import type { ActorVersionSourceFile } from 'apify-client';
@@ -57,6 +59,65 @@ export const getGitignoredPaths = (relativePaths: string[]): Set<string> => {
     return new Set(result.stdout.toString().split('\n').filter(Boolean));
 };
 
+// Docker normalizes each pattern before matching, so a leading "./" (as in the common "./node_modules"
+// style) is a no-op for Docker. git's ignore engine has no such normalization — it treats "./" as
+// literal pattern text that can never match a real path, so a .dockerignore written in that style
+// would otherwise silently match nothing under git. Strip it here (after any negation prefix) so
+// git sees the same effective pattern Docker would.
+const normalizeDockerignorePattern = (line: string): string => line.replace(/^(!?)(?:\.\/)+/, '$1');
+
+/**
+ * Given paths relative to `rootDir`, returns the subset that a `.dockerignore` file sitting at
+ * `rootDir` would exclude — mirroring getGitignoredPaths, but for Docker's own ignore file. `git
+ * check-ignore` has no built-in notion of .dockerignore, but pointing `core.excludesFile` at a
+ * normalized copy of it for a single invocation makes git apply its patterns exactly like a
+ * .gitignore, without re-implementing gitignore-style pattern matching ourselves. A missing
+ * .dockerignore is a no-op (empty set), so there's no need to check for its existence first.
+ *
+ * Crucially this passes `--no-index`: by default git never reports an already-tracked file as
+ * ignored (that's how real .gitignore semantics work — tracked files aren't affected by ignore
+ * rules), but Docker excludes a matching path from the build context unconditionally, regardless
+ * of git tracking. `--no-index` makes git apply the patterns uniformly, matching Docker's behavior.
+ */
+export const getDockerignoredPaths = (rootDir: string, relativePaths: string[]): Set<string> => {
+    if (relativePaths.length === 0) return new Set();
+
+    let dockerignoreContent: string;
+    try {
+        dockerignoreContent = fsSync.readFileSync(path.join(rootDir, '.dockerignore'), 'utf8');
+    } catch {
+        return new Set();
+    }
+
+    const normalizedContent = dockerignoreContent.split('\n').map(normalizeDockerignorePattern).join('\n');
+
+    const tempDir = fsSync.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), 'apify-dockerignore-'));
+    try {
+        const normalizedPath = path.join(tempDir, '.dockerignore');
+        fsSync.writeFileSync(normalizedPath, normalizedContent);
+
+        const result = spawnSync(
+            'git',
+            ['-c', `core.excludesFile=${normalizedPath}`, 'check-ignore', '--no-index', '--stdin'],
+            {
+                cwd: rootDir,
+                input: relativePaths.join('\n'),
+                maxBuffer: 100 * 1024 * 1024,
+            },
+        );
+
+        // Exit code 1 means none of the given paths are ignored - not an error. Anything else
+        // (e.g. 128 for "not a git repository") is a real failure.
+        if (result.status !== 0 && result.status !== 1) {
+            throw new Error(`[Command failed]: git check-ignore (dockerignore)\n${result.stderr.toString()}`);
+        }
+
+        return new Set(result.stdout.toString().split('\n').filter(Boolean));
+    } finally {
+        fsSync.rmSync(tempDir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    }
+};
+
 const isBinary = (buffer: Buffer): boolean => buffer.includes(0);
 
 export const toActorVersionSourceFile = async (absPath: string, rootDir: string): Promise<ActorVersionSourceFile> => {
diff --git a/test/unit/bin/build-from-local.test.ts b/test/unit/bin/build-from-local.test.ts
index 744c95f..31aa0ac 100644
--- a/test/unit/bin/build-from-local.test.ts
+++ b/test/unit/bin/build-from-local.test.ts
@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ import path from 'node:path';
 
 import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 
-// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/ban-ts-comment
-// @ts-ignore: editor-only TS6059 — test/tsconfig.json's rootDir doesn't span bin/, but the root
-// tsconfig (used for the real build and for eslint's type-aware linting) has no such restriction.
 import {
     collectNonIgnoredFiles,
     flattenMonorepoContext,
     rewriteActorJsonPaths,
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/ban-ts-comment
+    // @ts-ignore: editor-only TS6059 — test/tsconfig.json's rootDir doesn't span bin/, but the root
+    // tsconfig (used for the real build and for eslint's type-aware linting) has no such restriction.
 } from '../../../bin/build-from-local.js';
 import * as Utils from '../../../bin/utils.js';
 
@@ -182,6 +182,83 @@ describe('build-from-local helpers', () => {
     });
 });
 
+describe('getDockerignoredPaths', () => {
+    const tempDirs: string[] = [];
+
+    afterEach(async () => {
+        vi.mocked(spawnSync).mockClear();
+        await Promise.all(tempDirs.splice(0).map(async (dir) => fs.rm(dir, { recursive: true, force: true })));
+    });
+
+    it('returns an empty set without calling git when given no paths', () => {
+        const result = Utils.getDockerignoredPaths('/does/not/matter', []);
+
+        expect(result).toStrictEqual(new Set());
+        expect(spawnSync).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('returns an empty set when rootDir has no .dockerignore', async () => {
+        const rootDir = await mkTempDir('apify-test-tools-dockerignore-');
+        tempDirs.push(rootDir);
+        initGitRepo(rootDir);
+
+        expect(Utils.getDockerignoredPaths(rootDir, ['main.js'])).toStrictEqual(new Set());
+    });
+
+    it('returns the paths that match .dockerignore patterns rooted at rootDir', async () => {
+        const rootDir = await mkTempDir('apify-test-tools-dockerignore-');
+        tempDirs.push(rootDir);
+        initGitRepo(rootDir);
+
+        await fs.writeFile(path.join(rootDir, '.dockerignore'), 'test/\n*.log\n');
+
+        const result = Utils.getDockerignoredPaths(rootDir, ['main.js', 'test/fixture.json', 'debug.log']);
+
+        expect(result).toStrictEqual(new Set(['test/fixture.json', 'debug.log']));
+    });
+
+    it('matches "./"-prefixed patterns, which Docker treats as a no-op but git treats as literal text', async () => {
+        const rootDir = await mkTempDir('apify-test-tools-dockerignore-');
+        tempDirs.push(rootDir);
+        initGitRepo(rootDir);
+
+        // The common real-world .dockerignore style: every pattern prefixed with "./",
+        // including a negation re-including one of the otherwise-matched files.
+        await fs.writeFile(path.join(rootDir, '.dockerignore'), './node_modules\n./*.log\n!./keep.log\n');
+
+        const result = Utils.getDockerignoredPaths(rootDir, [
+            'node_modules/foo.js',
+            'debug.log',
+            'keep.log',
+            'main.js',
+        ]);
+
+        expect(result).toStrictEqual(new Set(['node_modules/foo.js', 'debug.log']));
+    });
+
+    it('matches already-tracked files too, since Docker excludes them regardless of git tracking', async () => {
+        const rootDir = await mkTempDir('apify-test-tools-dockerignore-');
+        tempDirs.push(rootDir);
+        initGitRepo(rootDir);
+        spawnSync('git', ['config', 'user.email', 'test@example.com'], { cwd: rootDir });
+        spawnSync('git', ['config', 'user.name', 'Test'], { cwd: rootDir });
+
+        // Husky hooks are committed to the repo, so this path is tracked by git — by default
+        // `git check-ignore` never reports a tracked file as ignored, which would otherwise mask
+        // this exact pattern from matching, unlike a real Docker build which excludes it anyway.
+        await fs.mkdir(path.join(rootDir, '.husky'));
+        await fs.writeFile(path.join(rootDir, '.husky', 'pre-commit'), '#!/bin/sh\n');
+        spawnSync('git', ['add', '.husky/pre-commit'], { cwd: rootDir });
+        spawnSync('git', ['commit', '-q', '-m', 'add husky hook'], { cwd: rootDir });
+
+        await fs.writeFile(path.join(rootDir, '.dockerignore'), './.husky\n');
+
+        const result = Utils.getDockerignoredPaths(rootDir, ['.husky/pre-commit', 'main.js']);
+
+        expect(result).toStrictEqual(new Set(['.husky/pre-commit']));
+    });
+});
+
 describe('getGitignoredPaths', () => {
     beforeEach(() => {
         vi.mocked(spawnSync).mockReset();