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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html lang="en" xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"/>
<link rel="icon" type="image/gif" href="/favicon.gif"/>
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="touch-icon-iphone-retina.png" />
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="touch-icon-ipad-retina.png" />
<title>Lorem Ipsum</title>
<script type="text/javascript"
src="http://cdn.mathjax.org/mathjax/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML">
</script>
<style type="text/css" id="internal-style">
@import url(hyperpolyglot.css);
</style>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"/>
<meta http-equiv="content-language" content="en"/>
</head>
<body>
<div id="container-wrap-wrap">
<div id="container-wrap">
<div id="container">
<div id="header">
<h1><a href="/"><span>Hyperpolyglot</span></a></h1>
</div>
<div id="content-wrap">
<div id="main-content">
<div id="page-title">Lorem Ipsum</div>
<div id="page-content">
<p><a name="top"></a><strong>text editing:</strong> <a href="#mode">mode</a> | <a href="#movement">movement</a> | <a href="#selecting-deleting">selecting</a> | <a href="#selecting-deleting">deleting</a> | <a href="#files-buffers">files</a> | <a href="#files-buffers">buffers</a> | <a href="#minibuffer">minibuffer</a> | <a href="#ido">ido</a> | <a href="#history">history</a> | <a href="#searching-replacing">searching</a> | <a href="#searching-replacing">replacing</a> | <a href="#sorting">sorting</a> | <a href="#counting">counting</a> | <a href="#case">case</a> | <a href="#indentation">indentation</a> | <a href="#indentation">rectangles</a> | <a href="#spelling">spelling</a> | <a href="#panes">panes</a> | <a href="#macros">macros</a> | <a href="#ascii-art">ascii art</a> | <a href="#org">org</a> | <a href="#intl">input methods</a> | <a href="#intl">encodings</a> | <a href="#help">help</a></p>
<p><strong>dev tools:</strong> <a href="#browse-files">browse files</a> | <a href="#shell">shell</a> | <a href="#grep">grep</a> | <a href="#tags">tags</a> | <a href="#diff">diff</a> | <a href="#git">git</a> | <a href="#compile">compile</a> | <a href="#debug">debug</a> | <a href="#lisp-interaction">lisp interaction</a> | <a href="#syntax-highlighting">syntax highlighting</a></p>
<p><strong>programming:</strong> <a href="#variables">variables</a> | <a href="#arith-logic">arithmetic and logic</a> | <a href="#str">strings</a> | <a href="#list">lists</a> | <a href="#dict">dictionaries</a> | <a href="#func">functions</a> | <a href="#exec-ctrl">execution control</a> | <a href="#lib-mod">libraries and namespaces</a></p>
<p><strong>other topics:</strong> <a href="#doc">documentation</a> | <a href="#terminology">terminology</a> | <a href="#line-editors">line editors</a> | <a href="#bindings-other-apps">bindings in other apps</a></p>
<table class="wiki-content-table">
<tr>
<th colspan="5"><a name="startup"></a><a href="#startup-note">startup</a></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th><a href="#vim">vim</a></th>
<th colspan="2"><a href="#emacs">emacs</a></th>
<th><a href="#nano">nano</a></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="launch"></a><a href="#launch-note">launch</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>$ vim</td>
<td colspan="2">$ emacs</td>
<td>$ nano</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="open-file-cmdline"></a><a href="#open-file-cmdline-note">open file</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>$ vim <span style="color: gray"><em>file</em></span></td>
<td colspan="2">$ emacs <span style="color: gray"><em>file</em></span></td>
<td>$ nano <span style="color: gray"><em>file</em></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="open-file-line"></a><a href="#open-file-line-note">open file on line 100</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>$ vim +100 <span style="color: gray"><em>file</em></span></td>
<td colspan="2">$ emacs +100 <span style="color: gray"><em>file</em></span></td>
<td>$ nano +100 <span style="color: gray"><em>file</em></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="open-file-column-line"></a><a href="#open-file-column-line-note">open file on column 20 of line 100</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>$ vim +100 -c 'normal 20|' <span style="color: gray"><em>file</em></span></td>
<td colspan="2">$ emacs +100:20 <span style="color: gray"><em>file</em></span></td>
<td>$ nano +100,20 <span style="color: gray"><em>file</em></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="open-file-read-only-cmdline"></a><a href="#open-file-read-only-cmdline-note">open file in read-only mode</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>$ vim -R <span style="color: gray"><em>file</em></span></td>
<td colspan="2"> </td>
<td>$ nano -v <span style="color: gray"><em>file</em></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="open-multiple-files"></a><a href="#open-multiple-files-note">open multiple files</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>$ vim <span style="color: gray"><em>file1 file2 ...</em></span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: gray"><em>only first file is displayed; use</em> :bn <em>and</em> :bp <em>to change buffers;</em> :ls <em>to list buffers</em></span></td>
<td>$ emacs <span style="color: gray"><em>file1 file2 ...</em></span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: gray"><em>window is split into two panes; if more than two files, one of the panes is a buffer list; use</em> C-x o <em>to switch panes; use</em> C-x b <em>to switch buffers</em></span></td>
<td>$ nano <span style="color: gray"><em>file1 file2 ...</em></span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: gray">//only first file is displayed; use// M-> //and// M-< <em>to change buffers</em></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="open-dir-cmdline"></a><a href="#open-dir-cmdline-note">open directory</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>$ vim <span style="color: gray"><em>dir</em></span></td>
<td colspan="2">$ emacs <span style="color: gray"><em>dir</em></span></td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="startup-file"></a><a href="#startup-file-note">startup file</a></td>
<td>~/.vimrc</td>
<td>~/.emacs<br />
~/.emacs.el<br />
~/.emacs.d/init.el</td>
<td>~/.nanorc</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="skip-startup-file"></a><a href="#skip-startup-file-note">skip startup file</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>$ vim -u NONE</td>
<td colspan="2">$ emacs -q</td>
<td>$ nano -I</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="5"><a name="text-editing"></a><a href="#text-editing-note">text editing</a></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>vim</th>
<th>emacs</th>
<th>emacs</th>
<th>nano</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="show-version"></a><a href="#show-version-note">show version</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>:version</td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x emacs-version</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="redraw-display"></a><a href="#redraw-display-note">redraw display</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>C-l</td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x redraw-display</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="insert-x"></a><a href="#insert-x-note">insert 'x'</a></td>
<td><span style="color: gray"><em>insert mode:</em></span><br />
x</td>
<td>x</td>
<td> </td>
<td>x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="insert-unicode-point"></a><a href="#insert-unicode-point-note">insert by unicode point</a></td>
<td><span style="color: gray"><em>insert mode:</em></span><br />
C-v u 03c0</td>
<td>C-x 8 RET 03c0 RET</td>
<td>M-x ucs-insert 03c0 RET</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="insert-unicode-name"></a><a href="#insert-unicode-name-note">insert by unicode name</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td> </td>
<td>C-x 8 RET greek small letter pi RET</td>
<td>M-x ucs-insert greek small letter pi RET</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="get-unicode-point"></a><a href="#get-unicode-point-note">get unicode point</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x describe-char</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="cancel"></a><a href="#cancel-note">cancel</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>ESC</td>
<td>C-g</td>
<td>M-x keyboard-quit</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="insert-control"></a><a href="#insert-control-note">insert control character</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>C-v <span style="color: gray"><em>char</em></span></td>
<td>C-q <span style="color: gray"><em>char</em></span></td>
<td>M-x quoted-insert <span style="color: gray"><em>char</em></span></td>
<td>M-v</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="insert-newline"></a><a href="#insert-newline-note">insert newline</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>C-v RET</td>
<td>C-q C-j</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="auto-complete"></a><a href="#auto-complete-note">auto complete</a></td>
<td>C-n<br />
C-p</td>
<td>M-/</td>
<td>M-x hippie-expand</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="repeat-n"></a><a href="#repeat-n-note">repeat next command n times</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td><span style="color: gray"><em>n</em></span></td>
<td>C-u <span style="color: gray"><em>n</em></span></td>
<td>M-x universal-argument <span style="color: gray"><em>n</em></span></td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="repeat-4"></a><a href="#repeat-4-note">repeat 4 times</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>4</td>
<td>C-u</td>
<td>M-x universal-argument</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="repeat-16"></a><a href="#repeat-16-note">repeat 16 times</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>16</td>
<td>C-u C-u</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="font-size"></a><a href="#font-size-note">font size</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td><span style="color: gray"><em>use menu or OS</em></span></td>
<td>C-x C-=, C-x C<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;">--</span></td>
<td>M-x text-scale-adjust</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="exit"></a><a href="#exit-note">exit</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>:q</td>
<td>C-x C-c</td>
<td>M-x save-buffers-kill-terminal</td>
<td>C-x</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="save-exit"></a><a href="#save-exit-note">save changes and exit</a></td>
<td>ZZ<br />
:wq</td>
<td>C-x C-s C-x C-c</td>
<td>M-x save-buffer<br />
M-x save-buffers-kill-terminal</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="discard-exit"></a><a href="#discard-exit-note">discard changes and exit</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>:q!</td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x kill-emacs</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="5"><a name="mode"></a><strong><a href="#mode-note">mode</a></strong></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>vim</th>
<th>emacs</th>
<th>emacs</th>
<th>nano</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="change-mode"></a><a href="#change-mode-note">change mode</a></td>
<td><span style="color: gray"><em>normal to insert:</em></span><br />
a, i, o, O<br />
<br />
<span style="color: gray"><em>back to normal:</em></span><br />
ESC</td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x <span style="color: gray"><em>mode-name</em></span></td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="show-mode"></a><a href="#show-mode-note">show mode</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td><span style="color: gray"><em>insert, visual, select, and replace indicated on bottom line</em></span></td>
<td><span style="color: gray"><em>displayed on mode line</em></span></td>
<td>M-: major-mode</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="mode-doc"></a><a href="#mode-doc-note">mode documentation</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td> </td>
<td>C-h m</td>
<td>M-x describe-mode</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="set-key-binding"></a><a href="#set-key-binding-note">set key binding</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>:map <span style="color: gray"><em>key</em></span> <span style="color: gray"><em>cmd</em></span></td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x global-set-key RET <span style="color: gray"><em>key</em></span> <span style="color: gray"><em>cmd</em></span></td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="enter-insert"></a><a href="#enter-insert-note">enter insert mode</a><br />
<span style="color: gray"><em>before cursor, after cursor</em></span></td>
<td>i<br />
a</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="enter-insert-adjacent-line"></a><a href="#enter-insert-adjacent-line-note">enter insert mode on adjacent line</a><br />
<span style="color: gray"><em>above current line, below current line</em></span></td>
<td>o<br />
O</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="ex-mode"></a><a href="#ex-mode-note">enter and exit ex mode</a></td>
<td>Q<br />
:vi</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="5"><a name="movement"></a><strong><a href="#movement-note">movement</a></strong></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>vim</th>
<th>emacs</th>
<th>emacs</th>
<th>nano</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="point-location"></a><a href="#point-location-note">location of point</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>C-g</td>
<td>C-x =</td>
<td>M-x what-cursor-position</td>
<td>C-c</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="swap-point-mark"></a><a href="#swap-point-mark-note">swap point and mark</a></td>
<td><span style="color: gray"><em>visual mode:</em></span><br />
o</td>
<td>C-x C-x</td>
<td>M-x exchange-point-and-mark</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="goto-line"></a><a href="#goto-line-note">goto line</a></td>
<td>42G<br />
:42</td>
<td>M-g M-g</td>
<td>M-x goto-line</td>
<td>C-_<br />
M-g</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="goto-char"></a><a href="#goto-char-note">goto character</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>:goto <span style="color: gray"><em>n</em></span></td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x goto-char</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="down"></a><a href="#down-note">down</a></td>
<td>j<br />
↓</td>
<td>C-n<br />
↓</td>
<td>M-x next-line</td>
<td>C-n<br />
↓</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="up"></a><a href="#up-note">up</a></td>
<td>k<br />
↑</td>
<td>C-p<br />
↑</td>
<td>M-x previous-line</td>
<td>C-p<br />
↑</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="forward"></a><a href="#forward-note">forward</a></td>
<td>i<br />
→</td>
<td>C-f<br />
→</td>
<td>M-x forward-char<br />
M-x right-char</td>
<td>C-f<br />
→</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="backward"></a><a href="#backward-note">backward</a></td>
<td>h<br />
←</td>
<td>C-b<br />
←</td>
<td>M-x backward-char<br />
M-x left-char</td>
<td>C-b<br />
←</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="forward-word"></a><a href="#forward-word-note">forward beginning of word</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>w <span style="color: gray"><em>bigger word:</em></span> W</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td>C-SPACE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="forward-word-end"></a><a href="#forward-word-end-note">forward end of word</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>e <span style="color: gray"><em>bigger word:</em></span> E</td>
<td>M-f</td>
<td>M-x forward-word</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="backward-word"></a><a href="#backward-word-note">backward word</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>b <span style="color: gray"><em>bigger word:</em></span> B</td>
<td>M-b</td>
<td>M-x backward-word</td>
<td>M-SPACE</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="beginning-line"></a><a href="#beginning-line-note">beginning of line</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>0</td>
<td>C-a</td>
<td>M-x move-beginning-of-line</td>
<td>C-a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="beginning-line-nonblank"></a><a href="#beginning-line-nonblank-note">first nonblank character of line</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>^</td>
<td>M-m</td>
<td>M-x back-to-indentation</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="end-line"></a><a href="#end-line-note">end of line</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>$</td>
<td>C-e</td>
<td>M-x move-end-of-line</td>
<td>C-e</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="prev-sentence"></a><a href="#prev-sentence-note">previous sentence</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>(</td>
<td>M-a</td>
<td>M-x backward-sentence</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="next-sentence"></a><a href="#next-sentence-note">next sentence</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>)</td>
<td>M-e</td>
<td>M-x forward-sentence</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="start-paragraph"></a><a href="#start-paragraph-note">start of paragraph</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>{</td>
<td>M-{<br />
C-↑</td>
<td>M-x backward-paragraph</td>
<td>M-(</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="end-paragraph"></a><a href="#end-paragraph-note">end of paragraph</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>}</td>
<td>M-}<br />
C-↓</td>
<td>M-x forward-paragraph</td>
<td>M-)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="matching-paren"></a><a href="#matching-paren-note">matching paren, bracket, or brace</a></td>
<td>%</td>
<td>C-M-n<br />
C-M-p</td>
<td>M-x forward-list<br />
M-x backward-list</td>
<td>M-]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="column-20"></a><a href="#column-20-note">column 20</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>20 | </td>
<td>M-g TAB 20</td>
<td>M-x move-to-column RET 20</td>
<td>C-_ ,20</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="page-down"></a><a href="#page-down-note">page down</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>C-f</td>
<td>C-v</td>
<td>M-x scroll-up</td>
<td>C-v</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="page-up"></a><a href="#page-up-note">page up</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>C-b</td>
<td>M-v</td>
<td>M-x scroll-down</td>
<td>C-y</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="half-page-down"></a><a href="#half-page-down-note">half page down</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>C-d</td>
<td>M-r M-r M-r C-l</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="half-page-up"></a><a href="#half-page-up-note">half page up</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>C-u</td>
<td>M-r M-r C-l</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="page-other-window"></a><a href="#page-other-window-note">page other window</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td> </td>
<td>C-M-v</td>
<td>M-x scroll-other-window</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="page-right"></a><a href="#page-right-note">page right</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td> </td>
<td>C-x <</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="page-left"></a><a href="#page-left-note">page left</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td> </td>
<td>C-x </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="center-window"></a><a href="#center-window-note">center window</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>zz</td>
<td>C-l</td>
<td>M-x recenter-top-bottom</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="center-point"></a><a href="#center-point-note">center point</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>M<br />
H<br />
L</td>
<td>M-r</td>
<td>M-x move-to-window-line-top-bottom</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="beginning-doc"></a><a href="#beginning-doc-note">beginning of document</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>1G<br />
:1</td>
<td>M-<</td>
<td>M-x beginning-of-buffer</td>
<td>M-\</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="end-doc"></a><a href="#end-doc-note">end of document</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>G<br />
:$</td>
<td>M-</td>
<td>M-x end-of-buffer</td>
<td>M-/</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="5"><a name="selecting-deleting"></a><strong><a href="#selecting-deleting-note">selecting and deleting</a></strong></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>vim</th>
<th>emacs</th>
<th>emacs</th>
<th>nano</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="mark"></a><a href="#mark-note">mark</a></td>
<td>v<br />
V</td>
<td>C-SPACE<br />
C-</td>
<td>M-x set-mark-command</td>
<td>C-^<br />
M-a</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="mark-rectangular-region"></a><a href="#mark-rectangular-region-note">mark rectangular region</a></td>
<td>C-v</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="mark-buffer"></a><a href="#mark-buffer-note">mark whole buffer</a></td>
<td>ggVG</td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x mark-whole-buffer</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="del-next-char"></a><a href="#del-next-char-note">delete next char</a></td>
<td>x</td>
<td>C-d</td>
<td>M-x delete-char</td>
<td>C-d</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="del-prev-char"></a><a href="#del-prev-char-note">delete previous char</a></td>
<td>X</td>
<td>DEL</td>
<td>M-x delete-backward-char</td>
<td>C-h</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="del-next-word"></a><a href="#del-next-word-note">delete next word</a></td>
<td>dw</td>
<td>M-d</td>
<td>M-x kill-word</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="del-prev-word"></a><a href="#del-prev-word-note">delete previous word</a></td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-DEL</td>
<td>M-x backward-kill-word</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="delete-to-char"></a><a href="#delete-to-char-note">delete to char</a></td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-z</td>
<td>M-x zap-to-char</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="del-line"></a><a href="#del-line-note">delete to end of line</a></td>
<td>d$<br />
D</td>
<td>C-k</td>
<td>M-x kill-line</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="delete-line"></a><a href="#delete-line-note">delete line</a></td>
<td>dd</td>
<td>C-a C-k C-k</td>
<td> </td>
<td>C-k</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="delete-newline"></a><a href="#delete-newline-note">delete newline</a></td>
<td><span style="color: gray"><em>point on line:</em></span><br />
J</td>
<td><span style="color: gray"><em>point on line:</em></span><br />
C-e C-d<br />
<span style="color: gray"><em>point on following line:</em></span><br />
C-a DEL</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="copy-line"></a><a href="#copy-line-note">copy line</a><br />
<br />
<span style="color: gray"><em>vim calls this yank</em></span></td>
<td>yy</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="kill-region"></a><a href="#kill-region-note">kill region</a></td>
<td><span style="color: gray"><em>visual mode:</em></span><br />
d</td>
<td>C-w</td>
<td>M-x kill-region</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="copy-region"></a><a href="#copy-region-note">copy region</a></td>
<td><span style="color: gray"><em>visual mode:</em></span><br />
y</td>
<td>M-w</td>
<td>M-x kill-ring-save</td>
<td>M-a<br />
M-6</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="paste"></a><a href="#paste-note">paste</a><br />
<br />
<span style="color: gray"><em>emacs calls this yank</em></span></td>
<td>p<br />
P</td>
<td>C-y</td>
<td>M-x yank</td>
<td>C-u</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="replace-paste-prev-copy"></a><a href="#replace-paste-prev-copy-note">replace paste with previous copy</a></td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-y</td>
<td>M-x yank-pop</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="paste-line-adjacent-current"></a><a href="#paste-line-adjacent-current-note">paste line below/above current line</a></td>
<td><span style="color: gray"><em>if buffer populated by</em> dd <em>or</em> yy:</span><br />
p<br />
P</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="delete-lines-regex"></a><a href="#delete-lines-regex-note">delete lines matching regexp</a></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x flush-lines</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="delete-lines-not-matching-regex"></a><a href="#delete-lines-not-matching-regex-note">delete lines not matching regexp</a></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x keep-lines</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="system-copy"></a><a href="#system-copy-note">system copy</a></td>
<td>C-c <span style="color: gray"><em>or</em></span> ⌘c </td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x clipboard-kill-ring-save</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="system-paste"></a><a href="#system-paste-note">system paste</a></td>
<td>C-v <span style="color: gray"><em>or</em></span> ⌘v</td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x clipboard-yank</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="system-cut"></a><a href="#system-cut-note">system cut</a></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x clipboard-kill-region</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="5"><a name="files-buffers"></a><strong><a href="#files-buffers-note">files and buffers</a></strong></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>vim</th>
<th>emacs</th>
<th>emacs</th>
<th>nano</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="pwd"></a><a href="#pwd-note">show current directory</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>:!pwd</td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-! pwd</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="cd"></a><a href="#cd-note">change current directory</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>:cd <span style="color: gray"><em>dir</em></span></td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x cd</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="open-file"></a><a href="#open-file-note">open file</a></td>
<td>:e <span style="color: gray"><em>path</em></span></td>
<td>C-x C-f</td>
<td>M-x find-file<br />
M-x ido-find-file</td>
<td>C-r</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="open-file-read-only"></a><a href="#open-file-read-only-note">open file read only</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>:view <span style="color: gray"><em>path</em></span></td>
<td>C-x C-r</td>
<td>M-x find-file-read-only</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="buffer-read-only"></a><a href="#buffer-read-only-note">toggle buffer read only</a></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x read-only-mode</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="show-buffer-file-name"></a><a href="#show-buffer-file-name-note">show buffer file name</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>:echo bufname("%")</td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-: buffer-file-name</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="list-buffers"></a><a href="#list-buffers-note">list buffers</a></td>
<td>:ls</td>
<td>C-x C-b</td>
<td>M-x list-buffers<br />
M-x buffer-menu</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="switch-buffer"></a><a href="#switch-buffer-note">switch buffer</a></td>
<td>:b <span style="color: gray"><em>bufnum</em></span><br />
:bprev<br />
:bnext</td>
<td>C-x b</td>
<td>M-x switch-to-buffer<br />
M-x ido-switch-buffer</td>
<td>M-<<br />
M-</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="diff-buffer-file"></a><a href="#diff-buffer-file-note">diff buffer and file</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>:w !diff % -</td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x diff-buffer-with-file</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="save-buffer"></a><a href="#save-buffer-note">save buffer</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>:w</td>
<td>C-x C-s</td>
<td>M-x save-buffer</td>
<td>C-o ENTER</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="save-all-buffers"></a><a href="#save-all-buffers-note">save all buffers</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>:wa</td>
<td>C-x s</td>
<td>M-x save-some-buffer</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="revert-buffer"></a><a href="#revert-buffer-note">revert buffer</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>:e!</td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x revert-buffer</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="write-buffer-to-different-file"></a><a href="#write-buffer-to-different-file-note">write buffer to different file</a></td>
<td>:w <span style="color: gray"><em>path</em></span></td>
<td>C-x C-w</td>
<td>M-x write-file<br />
M-x ido-write-file</td>
<td>C-o <span style="color: gray"><em>path</em></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="write-region-to-file"></a><a href="#write-region-to-file-note">write region to file</a><br />
<span style="white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></td>
<td>:w <span style="color: gray"><em>path</em></span><br />
<span style="color: gray">//Don't remove the// '<,'> <em>vim inserts after the colon.</em></span></td>
<td> </td>
<td>M-x write-region</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="insert-file"></a><a href="#insert-file-note">insert file</a></td>
<td>:r</td>
<td>C-x i</td>
<td>M-x insert-file<br />
M-x ido-insert-file</td>
<td>C-r</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="5"><a name="minibuffer"></a><strong><a href="#minibuffer-note">minibuffer</a></strong></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th>vim</th>
<th>emacs</th>
<th>emacs</th>
<th>nano</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="enter-minibuffer"></a><a href="#enter-minibuffer-note">enter minibuffer</a></td>
<td>:</td>
<td><span style="color: gray"><em>use command which prompts for an argument</em></span></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="move-cursor"></a><a href="#move-cursor-note">move cursor</a><br />
<span style="color: gray"><em>left, right</em></span></td>
<td>←<br />
→</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="delete-prev-char"></a><a href="#delete-prev-char-note">delete previous char</a></td>
<td>DEL</td>
<td>DEL</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="delete-prev-word"></a><a href="#delete-prev-word-note">delete previous word</a></td>
<td>C-w</td>
<td>M-DEL</td>
<td>backward-kill-word</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="begin-cmd-line"></a><a href="#begin-cmd-line-note">go to beginning of line</a></td>
<td>C-b</td>
<td>C-a</td>
<td>move-beginning-of-line</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="end-cmd-line"></a><a href="#end-cmd-line-note">go to end of line</a></td>
<td>C-e</td>
<td>C-e</td>
<td>move-end-of-line</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="clear-buf"></a><a href="#clear-buf-note">clear buffer</a></td>
<td>C-u</td>
<td>C-a C-k</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="cancel-cmd"></a><a href="#cancel-cmd-note">cancel command</a></td>
<td>ESC<br />
C-c</td>
<td>C-g</td>
<td>abort-recursive-edit</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a name="complete"></a><a href="#complete-note">complete</a></td>
<td>TAB</td>