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Highlighting.html
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3O//DTD WWW HTML 2.0//EN">
<!-- $Id$ --><HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Highlighting in HTML</TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>Highlighting</H1>
<P>This is a <A HREF="StatusMeanings.html#z5">level 1</A> feature.
Highlighting tags may be ignored by minimal implementations.
<P>These elements allow sections of text to be formatted in a
particular way, to provide emphasis, etc.
The tags do NOT cause a paragraph break,
and may be used on sections of text within paragraphs.
<P>All these tags have required end tags,
as in
<PRE> This is <EM>emphasized</EM> text.
</PRE>
<P>Level 1 implementations must render highlighted text (i.e.
the content of any of the elements below) distinctly from plain
text (i.e. text that is not contained in one of these elements).
<P><CODE>EM</CODE> content must be rendered as distinct from
<CODE>STRONG</CODE> content, and <CODE>B</CODE> content must
rendered as distinct from <CODE>I</CODE> content.
<P>Highlighting elements are allowed within the content of other
highlighting elements, but implementations are not required to
render these nested highlighting elements distinctly from non-nested
elements. For example, implementations may render the following
two cases identically:
<PRE>
plain <B>bold <I>italic</I></B>
plain <B>bold </B><I>italic</I>
</PRE>
<P>These element names are derived from TeXInfo macro names:
<H2>Character Formatting Elements</H2>
<DL>
<DT><A NAME="TT.index">TT</A>
<DD>Fixed-width typewriter font.
<DT><A NAME="B.index">B</A>
<DD>Boldface.
<DT><A NAME="I.index">I</A>
<DD>Italics.
</DL>
<H3>Proposed Character Formatting Elements</H3>
<DL>
<DT><A NAME="U.index">U</A>
<DD>Underline.
<DT><A NAME="S.index">S</A>
<DD>Strikethrough, typically a line through the characters.
</DL>
<H2>Special Phrase Elements</H2>
<DL>
<DT><A NAME="EM.index">EM</A>
<DD>Emphasis, typically italic.
<DT><A NAME="STRONG.index">STRONG</A>
<DD>Stronger emphasis, typically bold.
<DT><A NAME="CODE.index">CODE</A>
<DD>Example of code. typically monospaced font.
(Do not confuse with <A HREF="Elements/PRE.html"
NAME="z4">PRE</A> )
<DT><A NAME="SAMP.index">SAMP</A>
<DD>A sequence of literal characters.
<DT><A NAME="KBD.index">KBD</A>
<DD>in an instruction manual, Text typed by a user.
<DT><A NAME="VAR.index">VAR</A>
<DD>A variable name.
<DT><A NAME="CITE.index">CITE</A>
<DD>A citation. Typically italic.
</DL>
<H3>Proposed Special Phrase Elements</H3>
<DL>
<DT><A NAME="DFN.index">DFN</A>
<DD>The defining instance of a term. Typically bold or bold italic.
<DT><A NAME="STRIKE.index">STRIKE</A>
<DD>"strike out" text, as in a legal document.
</DL>
<H2>Examples of use</H2>
<PRE> This text contains an <em>emphasized</em> word.
<strong>Don't assume</strong> that it will be italic!
It was made using the <CODE>EM</CODE> element. A citation is
typically italic and has no formal necessary structure:
<cite>Moby Dick</cite> is a book title.
</PRE>
<H3>NOTE: Highlighting Distinctions</H3>
<P><EM>Implementations may render each of the highlighting elements
distinctly, but they are not required to.
While <CODE>CITE</CODE> must be rendered as distinct from plain
text, it may be rendered the same as <CODE>EM</CODE> or the same
as <CODE>STRONG</CODE> (but not both, since <CODE>EM</CODE> and
<CODE>STRONG</CODE> must be distinct).</EM>
<H3>NOTE: <CODE>EM</CODE> and <CODE>STRONG</CODE> vs.
<CODE>I</CODE> and <CODE>B</CODE></H3>
<P><EM>While <CODE>EM</CODE> and <CODE>I</CODE> often give the
same effect, authors are encouraged to use <CODE>EM</CODE> except
in the case that it is necessary to refer to the formatting in
the text. (E.g. "The italic parts are mandatory".)</EM>
<P><EM>This results in greater consistency between documents
from various sources if, for example, a reader prefers to use
color in stead of italics for emphasis.</EM>
</BODY>
</HTML>