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java-things.md

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This section covers Java versions for each of the supported versions of Minecraft.

Some benchmarks for those interested

1.18.2+

Java Notes
GraalVM Java 24 Best performance and Generational ZGC support

1.16.5

NOTE: Running 1.16.5 with Java versions newer than 8 is only possible with ModernFix' JVM arguments. Not all mods may work though, so if you find an incompatible one, switch back to Java 8.

Java Notes
GraalVM Java 21 Best raw performance, shortest loading times
Adoptium Java 21 Generational ZGC support (greatly reduces stutters but requires more RAM)
Adoptium Java 8 Best mod compatibility

1.12.2

NOTE: Running 1.12.2 with Java versions newer than 8 is only possible with Cleanroom Loader. If you find a mod that doesn't work with it, report it to their issue tracker.

Java Notes
GraalVM Java 24 Best performance and Generational ZGC support

1.7.10

NOTE: Running 1.7.10 with Java versions newer than 8 is only possible with LWJGL3ify.

Java Notes
GraalVM Java 24 Best performance and Generational ZGC support

JVM Arguments

Generational ZGC

If you're on a version which supports Java 21 (or newer) and your PC has at least 16 GB of RAM, I'd recommend Adoptium JDK 21 with these args:

-XX:+UseZGC -XX:+ZGenerational

Java 23 and newer only need -XX:+UseZGC, since it's generational by default.

If you are on a system with less than 6 cores and have 8 GB of total system RAM or less, I wouldn't recommend using ZGC.

Compact Object Headers

Java 24 and newer support compact object headers, which can improve performance. You can enable them with these args:

-XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseCompactObjectHeaders