Dockerfile

# Stage 1: Build stage
FROM python:3.11-slim as builder

WORKDIR /app

# Install build dependencies
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
    build-essential \
    libpq-dev \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Create virtual environment
RUN python -m venv /opt/venv
ENV PATH="/opt/venv/bin:$PATH"

# Install Python dependencies
COPY requirements.txt .
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade pip && \
    pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt && \
    pip install --no-cache-dir gunicorn dj-database-url

# Stage 2: Production stage
FROM python:3.11-slim

# Set environment variables
ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1 \
    PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 \
    PATH="/opt/venv/bin:$PATH" \
    PORT=8000

WORKDIR /app

# Install runtime dependencies only
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
    libpq5 \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
    && useradd --create-home --shell /bin/bash appuser

# Copy virtual environment from builder
COPY --from=builder /opt/venv /opt/venv

# Copy application code
COPY --chown=appuser:appuser . .

# Create directories for static and media files
RUN mkdir -p /app/staticfiles /data/media && \
    chown -R appuser:appuser /app /data

# Collect static files
RUN python manage.py collectstatic --noinput --clear

# Switch to non-root user
USER appuser

# Expose port
EXPOSE 8000

# Run gunicorn
CMD ["gunicorn", "--bind", "0.0.0.0:8000", "--workers", "2", "--threads", "4", "--worker-class", "gthread", "--worker-tmp-dir", "/dev/shm", "--access-logfile", "-", "--error-logfile", "-", "blog.wsgi:application"]