Skip to content

micro-controller.md

Latest commit

 

History

History
112 lines (85 loc) · 3.99 KB

micro-controller.md

File metadata and controls

112 lines (85 loc) · 3.99 KB
title Micro-controller
description Micro-controller basic


 
 HOME 
 

Table of contents

Micro-processor & Micro-controller

Micro-processor:
Micro-controller

GPIO

General-Purpose Input/Output Ports handles both incoming and outgoing digital signal
They can be INPUT or OUTPUT, LOW or HIGH
Also, they can be configurated for other functions, called alternate function
Pull-up resistor is pulled HIGH the GPIO when the button is not pressed and pulled LOW the GPIO when the button is pressed
Pull-down resistor is the opposite to pull-up
Open-drain make the GPIO can only be LOW or floating, so we have to use external pull-up resistor.

Interrupt

Timers

ADC & DAC

Analog to Digital Converter and Digital to Analog Converter are very important components in electronic equipments
ADC and DAC architect won't be mention here, let's go to their parameters

  • Reference Voltage:
  • Resolution:
  • Quantization:

PWM

Pulse Width Modulation

Protocol & Interface

A protocol usually come together with that protocol's interface so there are many people have ambiguous between protocol and interface. So, how are they different ?
protocol is a set of rules for devices to communicate with others as preamble, data length, conditions, crc, ... and they need to be agreed by all devices
interface is the way devices connect to others as wires, radio waves, ...

Some Couple Term In Protocols

Synchronous and Asynchronous: these are two important term in communication, they imply to clock. Synchronous transmissions are synchronized by a clock and asynchronous transmissions are not
Wire and Wireless: just wire and wireless
Serial and Parallel: data transmission serial or parallel (e.g. one wire or multi wires)
Simplex, Half-duplex and Full-duplex: in simplex mode the signal is sent in one direction (only one device can sent data), in half-duplex the signal is sent in both directions but one at a time, in full-duplex signal is sent in both directions at the same time
Master and Slave: master will be the clock controller
Server and Client: client is requester and server serves

USART

Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter protocol:

  • Simplex, Half-duplex, Full-duplex
  • Single Master - Single Slave (in UART there is not master and slave, both devices peer)

UART is asynchronous and USART is synchronous, their name said about it
In UART there are some definitions that must be the same on devices:

  • Baudrate: transceive data rate
  • Start bit
  • Stop bit
  • Data frame length: it can be 5, 6, 7 or 8 (even 9 when don't use parity bit)
  • Parity bit: used to check data correction. When parity bit = 0 number of bit 1 must be even and when parity bit = 1 number of bit 1 must be odd unless the data is wrong

I have never used USART so I don't have information about it exclude it is synchronous
In addition, there is another mode called Multiprocessor UART, maybe I will add it later

I2C

Inter-Integrated Circuit, also called Two Wire Interface protocol:

  • Half-duplex
  • Multi Master - Multi Slave
  • Synchronous

SPI

Serial Peripheral Interface protocol:

  • Full-duplex
  • Single Master - Multi Slave
  • Synchronous

CAN

Controller Area Network protocol:

WiFi

Bluetooth

MQTT

DMA

Direct Memory Access

Bootloader


 
FEEDBACK