inheritance.py

# Base class: Vehicle
class Vehicle:
    def __init__(self, brand, model, year):
        self.brand = brand
        self.model = model
        self.year = year
        self.is_running = False

    def start_engine(self):
        self.is_running = True
        print(f"The {self.year} {self.brand} {self.model} engine is now running.")

    def stop_engine(self):
        self.is_running = False
        print(f"The {self.year} {self.brand} {self.model} engine has stopped.")

    def get_info(self):
        return f"{self.year} {self.brand} {self.model}"


# Single Inheritance: Car extends Vehicle
class Car(Vehicle):
    def __init__(self, brand, model, year, num_doors, fuel_type):
        super().__init__(brand, model, year)
        self.num_doors = num_doors
        self.fuel_type = fuel_type
        self.trunk_open = False

    def honk_horn(self):
        print(f"The {self.brand} {self.model} is honking: Beep! Beep!")

    def open_trunk(self):
        self.trunk_open = True
        print(f"The {self.brand} {self.model} trunk is now open.")

    def get_info(self):
        base = super().get_info()
        return f"{base} — {self.num_doors} doors, {self.fuel_type} engine"


# Multilevel Inheritance: ElectricCar extends Car
class ElectricCar(Car):
    def __init__(self, brand, model, year, num_doors, battery_capacity):
        super().__init__(brand, model, year, num_doors, fuel_type="Electric")
        self.battery_capacity = battery_capacity  # in kWh

    def charge(self):
        print(f"The {self.brand} {self.model} is charging its {self.battery_capacity} kWh battery.")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Instance of Car (single inheritance)
    my_car = Car("Toyota", "Camry", 2023, 4, "Hybrid")
    my_car.start_engine()
    my_car.honk_horn()
    my_car.open_trunk()
    print("Info:", my_car.get_info())
    my_car.stop_engine()

    print("\n---\n")

    # Instance of ElectricCar (multilevel inheritance)
    tesla = ElectricCar("Tesla", "Model S", 2025, 4, battery_capacity=100)
    tesla.start_engine()
    tesla.charge()
    tesla.honk_horn()
    print("Info:", tesla.get_info())
    tesla.stop_engine()