diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 0fcf45db1..e3aa4b60b 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - #1110: Add `iriscli` and `ipm` container utility scripts that are auto-installed to `~/.local/bin/` and `~/bin/` so they work both inside and outside of containers (Unix/Linux only)
 
 ### Fixed
+- #1130: Fix issue with ORAS repositories pointing to some OCI registries that require authentication (e.g. ghcr.io) not accepting credentials properly. `repo -list` now shows an `Authenticated?` status for ORAS repos with credentials configured.
 - #1001: The `unmap` and `enable` commands will now only activate CPF merge once after all namespaces have been configured instead after every namespace
 - #1052: In a namespace with mapped IPM, the `info` command works again and the intro message displays the IPM version and where its mapped from
 - #1102: %IPM.Storage.QualifiedModuleInfo:%New() will now copy over version properties when passed in a resolvedReference
diff --git a/src/cls/IPM/DataType/RepoLocation.cls b/src/cls/IPM/DataType/RepoLocation.cls
index 2f4e5084c..fa95ee50e 100644
--- a/src/cls/IPM/DataType/RepoLocation.cls
+++ b/src/cls/IPM/DataType/RepoLocation.cls
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ Class %IPM.DataType.RepoLocation Extends %IPM.DataType.RegExString [ ClassType =
 
 Parameter MAXLEN = 2048;
 
-Parameter REGEX = "https?:\/\/(?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.)*[a-zA-Z0-9-]+(?::\d+)?(?:\/[^\s]*)?\/?";
+// Scheme is optional: OCI/ORAS convention uses bare hostnames (e.g. ghcr.io, not https://ghcr.io).
+// https:// is assumed when no scheme is present.
+Parameter REGEX = "(https?:\/\/)?(?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]+\.)*[a-zA-Z0-9-]+(?::\d+)?(?:\/[^\s]*)?\/?";
 
 }
diff --git a/src/cls/IPM/Repo/Oras/Definition.cls b/src/cls/IPM/Repo/Oras/Definition.cls
index 629e15831..0c420d8b0 100644
--- a/src/cls/IPM/Repo/Oras/Definition.cls
+++ b/src/cls/IPM/Repo/Oras/Definition.cls
@@ -27,8 +27,17 @@ Method GetPackageService() As %IPM.Repo.IPackageService
     set tClient = ##class(%IPM.Repo.Oras.PackageService).%New()
     // We want to preprend the prefix to the "GET"/"POST"/etc. requests
     // Otherwise, it will be overwritten
-    do ##class(%Net.URLParser).Decompose(..URL,.comp)
-    if $data(comp("path"), path) && (path '= "") {
+    set tUrl = ..URL
+    // %Net.URLParser.Decompose misparses bare hostnames as path components; scheme must be present.
+    if ($piece(tUrl, "://")'["http") {
+        set tUrl = "https://" _ tUrl
+    }
+    do ##class(%Net.URLParser).Decompose(tUrl,.comp)
+    if $data(comp("path"), path) && (path '= "") && (path '= "/") {
+        // Decompose includes a leading slash; strip it for use as a prefix
+        if $extract(path, 1) = "/" {
+            set path = $extract(path, 2, *)
+        }
         if $extract(path, *) '= "/" {
             set path = path _ "/"
         }
@@ -65,6 +74,11 @@ Method Display()
     if (..Namespace '= "") {
         write !,$char(9),"Namespace: ",..Padding(1),..Namespace
     }
+    if (..Username '= "") || (..Password '= "") || (..Token '= "") {
+        set packageService = ..GetPackageService()
+        set authenticated = (packageService.IsAvailable() && packageService.IsAuthenticated())
+        write !,$char(9),"Authenticated?",..Padding(1),$$$YesNo(authenticated)
+    }
 }
 
 /// Handles modifiers/data attributes provided from the package manager shell.
diff --git a/src/cls/IPM/Repo/Oras/PackageService.cls b/src/cls/IPM/Repo/Oras/PackageService.cls
index e03b7d84f..b0c9a05dd 100644
--- a/src/cls/IPM/Repo/Oras/PackageService.cls
+++ b/src/cls/IPM/Repo/Oras/PackageService.cls
@@ -19,15 +19,132 @@ Parameter ALLOWPREFIXINLOCATION = 0;
 // ** PACKAGE SERVICE FUNCTIONS **
 
 /// For run-time checks to ensure the service is available before attempting to invoke it.
+/// Returns true if the registry is reachable.
+/// Per the OCI Distribution Spec, GET /v2/ returning 401 means the registry is up but requires
+/// authentication — this is not a failure. We check for WWW-Authenticate (required by RFC 7235 on
+/// any proper 401) rather than Docker-Distribution-Api-Version, since many registries omit the latter.
 Method IsAvailable() As %Boolean
 {
     set request = ..GetHttpRequest(..Location)
     set request.Timeout = 5
     if $$$ISERR(request.Get(..PathPrefix _ "v2/")) {
-        quit 0
+        return 0
     }
     set statusCode = request.HttpResponse.StatusCode
-    quit (200 <= statusCode) && (statusCode < 300)
+    if (200 <= statusCode) && (statusCode < 300) {
+        return 1
+    }
+    if statusCode = 401 {
+        return (request.HttpResponse.GetHeader("WWW-AUTHENTICATE") '= "")
+    }
+    return 0
+}
+
+/// Returns true if the configured credentials are accepted by the registry.
+/// Always returns true when no credentials are configured (anonymous access).
+/// This is used only for display purposes (repo -list). Actual operations (pull, push,
+/// list modules) delegate to the Python ORAS client via GetClient(), which handles the
+/// full token exchange independently.
+Method IsAuthenticated() As %Boolean
+{
+    if (..Username = "") && (..Password = "") && (..Token = "") {
+        return 1
+    }
+    // Probe GET /v2/ with credentials attached by GetHttpRequest().
+    // Some registries accept credentials directly here and return 2xx.
+    set request = ..GetHttpRequest(..Location)
+    set request.Timeout = 5
+    if $$$ISERR(request.Get(..PathPrefix _ "v2/")) {
+        return 0
+    }
+    set statusCode = request.HttpResponse.StatusCode
+    if (200 <= statusCode) && (statusCode < 300) {
+        return 1
+    }
+    if statusCode '= 401 {
+        return 0
+    }
+    // 401 with a WWW-Authenticate header means the registry uses a token endpoint for auth.
+    // Parse the challenge and probe that endpoint to verify the credentials.
+    set wwwAuth = request.HttpResponse.GetHeader("WWW-AUTHENTICATE")
+    return ..ProbeTokenEndpoint(wwwAuth)
+}
+
+/// Probes the Bearer token endpoint from a WWW-Authenticate challenge to check whether
+/// the configured credentials are accepted. We do not use the returned token — a 2xx
+/// response is sufficient to confirm the credentials are valid.
+/// We probe here rather than delegating to the Python ORAS client because oras-py has
+/// no request timeout — client.get_tags() can hang indefinitely/for a long time.
+Method ProbeTokenEndpoint(wwwAuth As %String) As %Boolean [ Private ]
+{
+    if wwwAuth = "" {
+        return 0
+    }
+    set scheme = $zconvert($piece(wwwAuth, " ", 1), "L")
+    // Basic challenge: GetHttpRequest() already sent the credentials on /v2/ and they were rejected
+    if scheme = "basic" {
+        return 0
+    }
+    if scheme '= "bearer" {
+        return 0
+    }
+    // bearer/apiKey tokens were already sent as headers by GetHttpRequest() on /v2/ and rejected —
+    // sending them again to the token endpoint won't help
+    if (..Token '= "") && ((..TokenAuthMethod = "bearer") || (..TokenAuthMethod = "apiKey")) {
+        return 0
+    }
+    // Parse the token endpoint URL (realm) and optional service identifier from the challenge header.
+    // Example: Bearer realm="https://ghcr.io/token",service="ghcr.io"
+    set realmMatcher = ##class(%Regex.Matcher).%New("realm=""([^""]+)""", wwwAuth)
+    if 'realmMatcher.Locate() {
+        return 0
+    }
+    set realm = realmMatcher.Group(1)
+    set serviceMatcher = ##class(%Regex.Matcher).%New("service=""([^""]+)""", wwwAuth)
+    set service = ""
+    if serviceMatcher.Locate() {
+        set service = serviceMatcher.Group(1)
+    }
+    // Build a request to the token endpoint (which may be on a different host than the registry)
+    set tokenUrl = realm
+    if ($piece(tokenUrl, "://") '[ "http") {
+        set tokenUrl = "https://" _ tokenUrl
+    }
+    do ##class(%Net.URLParser).Decompose(tokenUrl, .comp)
+    set tokenRequest = ##class(%Net.HttpRequest).%New()
+    set tokenRequest.Timeout = 5
+    set tokenRequest.FollowRedirect = 1
+    set tokenRequest.Server = comp("host")
+    if ($data(comp("port")) # 2) && (comp("port") '= "") {
+        set tokenRequest.Port = comp("port")
+    }
+    if $zconvert(comp("scheme"), "L") = "https" {
+        set tokenRequest.Https = 1
+        set tokenRequest.SSLConfiguration = ..GetSSLConfiguration(tokenRequest.Server)
+    }
+    // Attach credentials: username+password via Basic auth, or a "basic"-method token as a
+    // pre-encoded Basic header (used by e.g. AWS ECR which issues a raw user:pass token string)
+    if (..Username '= "") && (..Password '= "") {
+        set tokenRequest.Username = ..Username
+        set tokenRequest.Password = ..Password
+    } elseif ..TokenAuthMethod = "basic" {
+        do tokenRequest.SetHeader("Authorization", "Basic " _ ..Token)
+    }
+    set path = $get(comp("path"), "")
+    if $extract(path, 1) = "/" {
+        set path = $extract(path, 2, *)
+    }
+    // scope is omitted — we are only probing whether the credentials are accepted, not
+    // requesting access to a specific repository. Registries that strictly require scope
+    // may return 400, causing this probe to falsely report unauthenticated.
+    if service '= "" {
+        set path = path _ "?service=" _ service
+    }
+    if $$$ISERR(tokenRequest.Get(path)) {
+        return 0
+    }
+    // 2xx means the token endpoint accepted the credentials — we don't need the token itself
+    return (200 <= tokenRequest.HttpResponse.StatusCode) && (tokenRequest.HttpResponse.StatusCode < 300)
 }
 
 Method GetModule(
@@ -262,9 +379,12 @@ Method ListModules(pSearchCriteria As %IPM.Repo.SearchCriteria) As %ListOfObject
             }
             do ..ListModulesFromTagString(tVersionExpression, client, pSearchCriteria, name, .tList)
         } elseif response.StatusCode '= 200 {
-            // If no name is specified and the /v2/_catalog endpoint failed, error out
-            set msg = "Error: Call to /v2/_catalog endpoint failed. This registry may not support it."
-            set msg = msg _ $char(10,13) _ "Response Code: "_response.StatusCode _ " - " _ response.ReasonPhrase
+            if response.StatusCode = 401 {
+                set msg = "Error: Registry requires authorization for catalog listing or does not support it."
+            } else {
+                set msg = "Error: Call to /v2/_catalog endpoint failed. This registry may not support it."
+                set msg = msg _ $char(10,13) _ "Response Code: "_response.StatusCode _ " - " _ response.ReasonPhrase
+            }
             $$$ThrowStatus($$$ERROR($$$GeneralError, msg))
         }
     }
diff --git a/tests/unit_tests/Test/PM/Unit/Oras.cls b/tests/unit_tests/Test/PM/Unit/Oras.cls
index 3f49a194a..6efe5ee7f 100644
--- a/tests/unit_tests/Test/PM/Unit/Oras.cls
+++ b/tests/unit_tests/Test/PM/Unit/Oras.cls
@@ -1,78 +1,45 @@
 Class Test.PM.Unit.Oras Extends %UnitTest.TestCase
 {
 
-Method TestOras()
+/// Bare hostname (no scheme) should produce a Location with https:// scheme
+/// and no path leaking into Location or PathPrefix.
+Method TestGetPackageServiceUrlNormalizationBareHostname()
 {
-    set Registry = "http://oras:5000"
-    set Name = "objectscript-math"
-
-    // Target package
-    set moduleRef = ##class(%IPM.Storage.ModuleInfo).%New()
-    set moduleRef.Name = Name
-
-    // Cleanup
-    do ..RunCommand("repo -delete-all")
-    do ..RunCommand("repo -reset-defaults")
-
-    // Set up ORAS repo
-    do ..AssertNoException("repo -o -name oci -url " _ Registry)
-	do ..RunCommand("repo -list")
-	do ..RunCommand("repo -list-modules")
-
-    &sql(SELECT id INTO :ociId FROM %IPM_Repo_Oras.definition WHERE name='oci')
-    do $$$AssertEquals(SQLCODE, 0)
-    set oci = ##class(%IPM.Repo.Oras.Definition).%OpenId(ociId)
-    set packageService = oci.GetPackageService()
-    set publishService = oci.GetPublishService()
-
-    if 'packageService.IsAvailable() {
-        do $$$AssertSkipped("ORAS registry unavailable, skipping")
-    }
-
-    // make sure package is not in the registry first
-    set version = packageService.GetLatestTag(Registry, Name, "", "", "", "", 0)
-    if version '= "" {
-        do publishService.DeleteModule(Registry, Name, "", "", "", "", 0)
-    }
-    do $$$AssertNotTrue(packageService.HasModule(moduleRef))
-
-    // Install package from the default registry
-    do ..RunCommand("install registry/" _ Name)
-
-    // Push to OCI registry
-    do ..AssertNoException("publish " _ Name _ " -r oci")
-    do $$$AssertTrue(packageService.HasModule(moduleRef))
-
-    // Pull from OCI registry
-    do ..RunCommand("uninstall " _ Name)
-    do ..AssertNoException("install oci/" _ Name)
-
-    // Delete from OCI registry
-    do publishService.DeleteModule(Registry, Name, "", "", "", "", 0)
-
-    // Set as default registry
-    do ..RunCommand("repo -publish 1 -n oci")
-
-    // Install from default
-    do ..AssertNoException("install " _ Name)
+    set def = ##class(%IPM.Repo.Oras.Definition).%New()
+    set def.URL = "ghcr.io"
+    set svc = def.GetPackageService()
+    do $$$AssertEquals(svc.Location, "https://ghcr.io", "Bare hostname gets https:// prepended")
+    do $$$AssertEquals(svc.PathPrefix, "", "No path prefix for bare hostname")
+}
 
-    // Clean up
-    do ..RunCommand("repo -delete-all")
-    do ..RunCommand("repo -reset-defaults")
+/// Explicit https:// scheme should produce the same result as a bare hostname.
+Method TestGetPackageServiceUrlNormalizationWithScheme()
+{
+    set def = ##class(%IPM.Repo.Oras.Definition).%New()
+    set def.URL = "https://ghcr.io"
+    set svc = def.GetPackageService()
+    do $$$AssertEquals(svc.Location, "https://ghcr.io", "Explicit https:// scheme preserved")
+    do $$$AssertEquals(svc.PathPrefix, "", "No path prefix when URL has no path")
 }
 
-Method RunCommand(pCommand As %String)
+/// URL with a path component should set PathPrefix and strip the path from Location.
+Method TestGetPackageServiceWithPathPrefix()
 {
-	do ##class(%IPM.Main).Shell(pCommand)
-	do $$$LogMessage("Run command: "_pCommand)
+    set def = ##class(%IPM.Repo.Oras.Definition).%New()
+    set def.URL = "ghcr.io/myorg"
+    set svc = def.GetPackageService()
+    do $$$AssertEquals(svc.Location, "https://ghcr.io", "Path stripped from Location")
+    do $$$AssertEquals(svc.PathPrefix, "myorg/", "Path component becomes PathPrefix")
 }
 
-Method AssertNoException(pCommand As %String)
+/// Bare hostname with port should preserve port in Location.
+Method TestGetPackageServiceUrlNormalizationWithPort()
 {
-	do ##class(%IPM.Main).ShellInternal(pCommand,.tException)
-	if '$$$AssertEquals(tException,"","No exceptions occurred running command: "_pCommand) {
-		do $$$LogMessage(tException.DisplayString())
-	}
+    set def = ##class(%IPM.Repo.Oras.Definition).%New()
+    set def.URL = "registry.example.com:5000"
+    set svc = def.GetPackageService()
+    do $$$AssertEquals(svc.Location, "https://registry.example.com:5000", "Port preserved in Location")
+    do $$$AssertEquals(svc.PathPrefix, "", "No path prefix when no path in URL")
 }
 
 }