From 604bae347b141165b7e9a02bf6618129b627f2f9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alasdair Gray <alachris@umich.edu>
Date: Fri, 24 Oct 2025 12:31:10 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 1/3] Modify BFL residual

---
 openconcept/mission/phases.py | 66 ++++++++++++++++++++---------------
 1 file changed, 37 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)

diff --git a/openconcept/mission/phases.py b/openconcept/mission/phases.py
index 057a7193..c5a6d09e 100644
--- a/openconcept/mission/phases.py
+++ b/openconcept/mission/phases.py
@@ -148,32 +148,50 @@ class BFLImplicitSolve(ImplicitComponent):
     def setup(self):
         self.add_input("distance_continue", units="m")
         self.add_input("distance_abort", units="m")
-        self.add_input("takeoff|vr", units="m/s")
-        self.add_output("takeoff|v1", units="m/s", val=20, lower=10, upper=150)
+        self.add_input("takeoff|vr", units="m/s", val=30.0)
+        self.add_output("takeoff|v1", units="m/s", val=20.0, lower=10.0, upper=150.0)
         self.declare_partials("takeoff|v1", ["distance_continue", "distance_abort", "takeoff|v1", "takeoff|vr"])
 
+        self.speedtol = 1e-1
+        self.disttol = 0.0
+        self.useOldCode = False
+
+    def useVRes(self, vr, v1, dist_continue, dist_abort):
+        """Determine whether to use the dist_continue - dist_abort or the vr - v1 residual.
+
+        If vr < v1 + speedtol then we use the vr - v1 residual, as long as dist_abort < dist_continue + disttol.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        vr : float
+            Rotation speed
+        v1 : float
+            Decision speed
+        dist_continue : float
+            engine-out takeoff distance
+        dist_abort : float
+            Rejected takeoff distance
+        """
+        return vr < v1 + self.speedtol and dist_abort < dist_continue + self.disttol
+
     def apply_nonlinear(self, inputs, outputs, residuals):
-        speedtol = 1e-1
-        disttol = 0
-        # force the decision speed to zero
-        if inputs["takeoff|vr"] < outputs["takeoff|v1"] + speedtol:
-            residuals["takeoff|v1"] = inputs["takeoff|vr"] - outputs["takeoff|v1"]
-        else:
-            residuals["takeoff|v1"] = inputs["distance_continue"] - inputs["distance_abort"]
+        vr = inputs["takeoff|vr"]
+        v1 = outputs["takeoff|v1"]
+        dist_continue = inputs["distance_continue"]
+        dist_abort = inputs["distance_abort"]
 
-        # if you are within vtol on the correct side but the stopping distance bigger, use the regular mode
-        if (
-            inputs["takeoff|vr"] >= outputs["takeoff|v1"]
-            and inputs["takeoff|vr"] - outputs["takeoff|v1"] < speedtol
-            and (inputs["distance_abort"] - inputs["distance_continue"]) > disttol
-        ):
-            residuals["takeoff|v1"] = inputs["distance_continue"] - inputs["distance_abort"]
+        if self.useVRes(vr, v1, dist_continue, dist_abort):
+            residuals["takeoff|v1"] = vr - v1
+        else:
+            residuals["takeoff|v1"] = dist_continue - dist_abort
 
     def linearize(self, inputs, outputs, partials):
-        speedtol = 1e-1
-        disttol = 0
+        vr = inputs["takeoff|vr"]
+        v1 = outputs["takeoff|v1"]
+        dist_continue = inputs["distance_continue"]
+        dist_abort = inputs["distance_abort"]
 
-        if inputs["takeoff|vr"] < outputs["takeoff|v1"] + speedtol:
+        if self.useVRes(vr, v1, dist_continue, dist_abort):
             partials["takeoff|v1", "distance_continue"] = 0
             partials["takeoff|v1", "distance_abort"] = 0
             partials["takeoff|v1", "takeoff|vr"] = 1
@@ -184,16 +202,6 @@ def linearize(self, inputs, outputs, partials):
             partials["takeoff|v1", "takeoff|vr"] = 0
             partials["takeoff|v1", "takeoff|v1"] = 0
 
-        if (
-            inputs["takeoff|vr"] >= outputs["takeoff|v1"]
-            and inputs["takeoff|vr"] - outputs["takeoff|v1"] < speedtol
-            and (inputs["distance_abort"] - inputs["distance_continue"]) > disttol
-        ):
-            partials["takeoff|v1", "distance_continue"] = 1
-            partials["takeoff|v1", "distance_abort"] = -1
-            partials["takeoff|v1", "takeoff|vr"] = 0
-            partials["takeoff|v1", "takeoff|v1"] = 0
-
 
 class Groundspeeds(ExplicitComponent):
     """

From 78e7ffa006ac9770ced391c26d8e22adc2dc3192 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alasdair Gray <alachris@umich.edu>
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2026 17:03:56 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 2/3] Remove unused code

---
 openconcept/mission/phases.py | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/openconcept/mission/phases.py b/openconcept/mission/phases.py
index c5a6d09e..feb84cb7 100644
--- a/openconcept/mission/phases.py
+++ b/openconcept/mission/phases.py
@@ -154,7 +154,6 @@ def setup(self):
 
         self.speedtol = 1e-1
         self.disttol = 0.0
-        self.useOldCode = False
 
     def useVRes(self, vr, v1, dist_continue, dist_abort):
         """Determine whether to use the dist_continue - dist_abort or the vr - v1 residual.

From d05812aa8c17a7fed70682c89c1729aea3e46c3d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alasdair Gray <alachris@umich.edu>
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2026 11:52:49 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 3/3] Return statement

---
 openconcept/mission/phases.py | 5 +++++
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+)

diff --git a/openconcept/mission/phases.py b/openconcept/mission/phases.py
index feb84cb7..f5f3bbfc 100644
--- a/openconcept/mission/phases.py
+++ b/openconcept/mission/phases.py
@@ -170,6 +170,11 @@ def useVRes(self, vr, v1, dist_continue, dist_abort):
             engine-out takeoff distance
         dist_abort : float
             Rejected takeoff distance
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        bool
+            True if the vr - v1 residual should be used, False if the dist_continue - dist_abort residual should be used.
         """
         return vr < v1 + self.speedtol and dist_abort < dist_continue + self.disttol