diff --git a/lib/picomatch.js b/lib/picomatch.js
index fbb8b1c..9ccbbb4 100644
--- a/lib/picomatch.js
+++ b/lib/picomatch.js
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ const parse = require('./parse');
 const utils = require('./utils');
 const constants = require('./constants');
 const isObject = val => val && typeof val === 'object' && !Array.isArray(val);
+const hasBracketTokens = state => Array.isArray(state.tokens) && state.tokens.some(token => token.type === 'bracket');
 
 /**
  * Creates a matcher function from one or more glob patterns. The
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ const picomatch = (glob, options, returnState = false) => {
   }
 
   const matcher = (input, returnObject = false) => {
-    const { isMatch, match, output } = picomatch.test(input, regex, options, { glob, posix });
+    const { isMatch, match, output } = picomatch.test(input, regex, options, { glob, posix, state });
     const result = { glob, state, regex, posix, input, output, match, isMatch };
 
     if (typeof opts.onResult === 'function') {
@@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ const picomatch = (glob, options, returnState = false) => {
  * @api public
  */
 
-picomatch.test = (input, regex, options, { glob, posix } = {}) => {
+picomatch.test = (input, regex, options, { glob, posix, state } = {}) => {
   if (typeof input !== 'string') {
     throw new TypeError('Expected input to be a string');
   }
@@ -124,12 +125,13 @@ picomatch.test = (input, regex, options, { glob, posix } = {}) => {
 
   const opts = options || {};
   const format = opts.format || (posix ? utils.toPosixSlashes : null);
-  let match = input === glob;
+  const literalMatch = opts.literalBrackets === true || !hasBracketTokens(state);
+  let match = literalMatch && input === glob;
   let output = (match && format) ? format(input) : input;
 
   if (match === false) {
     output = format ? format(input) : input;
-    match = output === glob;
+    match = literalMatch && output === glob;
   }
 
   if (match === false || opts.capture === true) {
diff --git a/test/brackets.js b/test/brackets.js
index c510625..208b039 100644
--- a/test/brackets.js
+++ b/test/brackets.js
@@ -4,6 +4,19 @@ const assert = require('assert');
 const { isMatch } = require('..');
 
 describe('brackets', () => {
+  describe('character classes', () => {
+    it('should not let exact string matching bypass character classes', () => {
+      assert(!isMatch('[1-5]', '[1-5]'));
+      assert(!isMatch('[1-5]', '[1-5]', { literalBrackets: false }));
+      assert(isMatch('3', '[1-5]'));
+    });
+
+    it('should still match literal brackets when requested', () => {
+      assert(isMatch('[1-5]', '\\[1-5\\]'));
+      assert(isMatch('[1-5]', '[1-5]', { literalBrackets: true }));
+    });
+  });
+
   describe('trailing stars', () => {
     it('should support stars following brackets', () => {
       assert(isMatch('a', '[a]*'));