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<h1 id="---read--write"><img src="images/buttons/r.png" \=""> <img src="images/buttons/R.png" \=""> <img src="images/buttons/w.png" \=""> <img src="images/buttons/W.png" \=""> Read , Write</h1>
<p>이 명령들도 pattern space 와 관계가 없는 명령들로 읽어들인 파일 내용이 sed 에의해 queue 되었다가 프린트됩니다.
그러므로 <code>-n</code> 옵션으로 출력을 금지할 수도 없고 <code>s</code> 명령으로 수정을 할 수도 없습니다.</p>
<p>한가지 주의할 점은 unix 에서 파일명은 <code>/</code>, <code>NUL</code> 문자를 제외하고 모두 허용하므로
파일명 뒤에 다른 문자가 오면 안됩니다.
연이어서 명령을 사용하려면 <code>-e</code> 옵션을 이용해 식을 분리해 작성해야 합니다.</p>
<h3 id=""><img src="images/buttons/r.png" \=""> <img src="images/buttons/R.png" \=""></h3>
<h5 id="1-현재-pattern-space-내용에는-영향을-주지-않습니다">1. 현재 pattern space 내용에는 영향을 주지 않습니다.</h5>
<h5 id="2-n-옵션-설정에-관계없이-읽어들인-파일-내용이-프린트됩니다">2. <code>-n</code> 옵션 설정에 관계없이 읽어들인 파일 내용이 프린트됩니다.</h5>
<h5 id="3-a-append-명령과-같이-항상-라인-마지막에-파일-내용을-출력합니다">3. <code>a</code> (append) 명령과 같이 항상 라인 마지막에 파일 내용을 출력합니다.</h5>
<h5 id="4-r-명령은-파일-전체-라인을-읽어들이고-r-명령은-첫-번째-라인부터-순차적으로-읽어들입니다">4. <code>r</code> 명령은 파일 전체 라인을 읽어들이고, <code>R</code> 명령은 첫 번째 라인부터 순차적으로 읽어들입니다.</h5>
<h5 id="5-파일이-존재하지-않을-경우-에러-메시지-없이-empty-파일로-간주하고-진행합니다">5. 파일이 존재하지 않을 경우 에러 메시지 없이 empty 파일로 간주하고 진행합니다.</h5>
<h5 id="6-파일명-뒤에-계속해서-명령을-사용하려면-e-옵션을-이용해-식을-분리해야-합니다">6. 파일명 뒤에 계속해서 명령을 사용하려면 <code>-e</code> 옵션을 이용해 식을 분리해야 합니다.</h5>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ cat file1
aaa
bbb
ccc
$ seq <span class="hljs-number">5</span> | sed <span class="hljs-string">'2r file1'</span>
<span class="hljs-number">1</span>
<span class="hljs-number">2</span>
aaa
bbb
ccc
<span class="hljs-number">3</span>
<span class="hljs-number">4</span>
<span class="hljs-number">5</span>
<span class="hljs-comment"># 'R' 명령은 첫 번째 라인부터 순차적으로 읽어들입니다.</span>
$ seq <span class="hljs-number">5</span> | sed <span class="hljs-string">'R file1'</span>
<span class="hljs-number">1</span>
aaa
<span class="hljs-number">2</span>
bbb
<span class="hljs-number">3</span>
ccc
<span class="hljs-number">4</span>
<span class="hljs-number">5</span>
</code></pre>
<h3 id=""><img src="images/buttons/w.png" \=""> <img src="images/buttons/W.png" \=""></h3>
<h5 id="1-open-된-파일은-sed-명령이-종료될-때까지-close-되지-않고-계속해서-append-됩니다   이것은-sw-file-명령에서-사용되는-동일한-이름의-파일과도-연계됩니다">1. open 된 파일은 sed 명령이 종료될 때까지 close 되지 않고 계속해서 append 됩니다.<br>   이것은 <code>s/../../w file</code> 명령에서 사용되는 동일한 이름의 파일과도 연계됩니다.</h5>
<h5 id="2-w-은-현재-pattern-space-내용-전체를-write-합니다">2. <code>w</code> 은 현재 pattern space 내용 전체를 write 합니다.</h5>
<h5 id="3-w-은-현재-pattern-space-에-있는-내용-중-첫-번째-라인만-write-합니다">3. <code>W</code> 은 현재 pattern space 에 있는 내용 중 첫 번째 라인만 write 합니다.</h5>
<h5 id="4-파일명-뒤에-계속해서-명령을-사용하려면-e-옵션을-이용해-식을-분리해야-합니다">4. 파일명 뒤에 계속해서 명령을 사용하려면 <code>-e</code> 옵션을 이용해 식을 분리해야 합니다.</h5>
<pre><code class="lang-bash"><span class="hljs-comment"># 명령 사이클이 시작하면서 sed 에의해 라인 하나가 읽혀지고</span>
<span class="hljs-comment"># 3개의 'N' 명령에 의해 3개의 라인이 추가로 읽혀지므로 </span>
<span class="hljs-comment"># 1,2,3,4 / 5,6,7,8 / 9,10,11,12 / ... 단위로 파일에 쓰여지게 됩니다.</span>
<span class="hljs-comment"># 그러므로 출력 결과에는 마지막 9,10 번 라인이 제외된걸 볼수가 있습니다.</span>
$ seq <span class="hljs-number">10</span> | sed -n <span class="hljs-string">'N;N;N;w file2'</span>
$ cat file2
<span class="hljs-number">1</span>
<span class="hljs-number">2</span>
<span class="hljs-number">3</span>
<span class="hljs-number">4</span>
<span class="hljs-number">5</span>
<span class="hljs-number">6</span>
<span class="hljs-number">7</span>
<span class="hljs-number">8</span>
<span class="hljs-comment"># 마찬가지로 1,2,3,4 / 5,6,7,8 / 9,10,11,12 / ... 단위로 파일에 쓰여지는데</span>
<span class="hljs-comment"># 'W' 명령은 첫 번째 라인만 쓰기를 하므로 1, 5번 라인만 저장이된걸 볼수가 있습니다.</span>
$ seq <span class="hljs-number">10</span> | sed -n <span class="hljs-string">'N;N;N;W file2'</span>
$ cat file2
<span class="hljs-number">1</span>
<span class="hljs-number">5</span>
</code></pre>
<p>파일 이름은 해당 식에서 마지막에 위치해야 합니다.
그렇지 않으면 뒤이어지는 문자가 파일명으로 인식이 되어 오류가 발생합니다.
연이어서 명령을 작성하려면 <code>-e</code> 옵션을 이용해 식을 분리해야 합니다.</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash"><span class="hljs-comment"># '/dev/stderr}' 가 파일 이름이 된다.</span>
$ <span class="hljs-built_in">echo</span> <span class="hljs-number">111</span> | sed -n <span class="hljs-string">'/111/{w /dev/stderr}'</span>
sed: couldn<span class="hljs-string">'t open file /dev/stderr}: Permission denied
$ echo 111 | sed -n -e '</span>/<span class="hljs-number">111</span>/{w /dev/stderr<span class="hljs-string">' -e '</span>}<span class="hljs-string">'
111
# '</span>/dev/stderr;p<span class="hljs-string">' 가 파일 이름이 된다.
$ echo 111 | sed -n '</span>/<span class="hljs-number">111</span>/w /dev/stderr;p<span class="hljs-string">'
sed: couldn'</span>t open file /dev/stderr;p: Permission denied
<span class="hljs-comment"># 다음과 같이 '-e' 옵션을 이용해 분리해 작성해야 한다.</span>
$ <span class="hljs-built_in">echo</span> <span class="hljs-number">111</span> | sed -n <span class="hljs-operator">-e</span> <span class="hljs-string">'/111/w /dev/stderr'</span> <span class="hljs-operator">-e</span> p
<span class="hljs-number">111</span>
<span class="hljs-number">111</span>
</code></pre>
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<script>
require(["gitbook"], function(gitbook) {
var config = {"highlight":{},"search":{"maxIndexSize":1000000},"sharing":{"facebook":true,"twitter":true,"google":false,"weibo":false,"instapaper":false,"vk":false,"all":["facebook","google","twitter","weibo","instapaper"]},"fontsettings":{"theme":"white","family":"sans","size":2}};
gitbook.start(config);
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