diff --git a/packages/mui-material/package.json b/packages/mui-material/package.json
index 3692d62f304084..0716eb5e553135 100644
--- a/packages/mui-material/package.json
+++ b/packages/mui-material/package.json
@@ -91,6 +91,9 @@
   "engines": {
     "node": ">=14.0.0"
   },
+  "browser": {
+    "react-transition-group/cjs/TransitionGroupContext.js": "react-transition-group/esm/TransitionGroupContext.js"
+  },
   "exports": {
     ".": "./src/index.js",
     "./ButtonBase/TouchRipple": "./src/ButtonBase/TouchRipple.js",
diff --git a/packages/mui-material/src/internal/Transition.test.tsx b/packages/mui-material/src/internal/Transition.test.tsx
index f792e5fc2c58af..087cef5b8da907 100644
--- a/packages/mui-material/src/internal/Transition.test.tsx
+++ b/packages/mui-material/src/internal/Transition.test.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 import * as React from 'react';
 import { expect } from 'chai';
 import { spy } from 'sinon';
+import { TransitionGroup } from 'react-transition-group';
 import TransitionGroupContext from 'react-transition-group/TransitionGroupContext';
 import { act, createRenderer, screen } from '@mui/internal-test-utils';
 import Transition from './Transition';
@@ -990,6 +991,53 @@ describe('<Transition />', () => {
     });
   });
 
+  describe('react-transition-group public TransitionGroup interop', () => {
+    it('child added to an already-mounted TransitionGroup enters with isAppearing=false', async () => {
+      const handlers = { onEnter: spy(), onEntered: spy() };
+      let done: (() => void) | null = null;
+      const addEndListener = (_node: HTMLElement, next: () => void) => {
+        done = next;
+      };
+
+      function ChildWrapper() {
+        const [shouldRender, setShouldRender] = React.useState(false);
+        return (
+          <React.Fragment>
+            <button type="button" onClick={() => setShouldRender(true)}>
+              add
+            </button>
+            <TransitionGroup component={null}>
+              {shouldRender ? (
+                <TestHarness
+                  key="item"
+                  appear={false}
+                  timeout={null}
+                  addEndListener={addEndListener}
+                  handlers={handlers}
+                />
+              ) : null}
+            </TransitionGroup>
+          </React.Fragment>
+        );
+      }
+
+      const { user } = render(<ChildWrapper />);
+      await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'add' }));
+
+      expect(screen.getByTestId('target')).to.have.attribute('data-status', 'entering');
+      expect(handlers.onEnter.callCount).to.equal(1);
+      expect(handlers.onEnter.args[0][0]).to.equal(false);
+
+      act(() => {
+        done!();
+      });
+
+      expect(screen.getByTestId('target')).to.have.attribute('data-status', 'entered');
+      expect(handlers.onEntered.callCount).to.equal(1);
+      expect(handlers.onEntered.args[0][0]).to.equal(false);
+    });
+  });
+
   describe('react-transition-group TransitionGroupContext user interactions', () => {
     const mountedGroup = { isMounting: false };
 
diff --git a/packages/mui-material/src/internal/Transition.tsx b/packages/mui-material/src/internal/Transition.tsx
index bde3801241b60e..0b57c0c76f6e80 100644
--- a/packages/mui-material/src/internal/Transition.tsx
+++ b/packages/mui-material/src/internal/Transition.tsx
@@ -6,7 +6,10 @@ import useEnhancedEffect from '@mui/utils/useEnhancedEffect';
 import useValueAsRef from '@mui/utils/useValueAsRef';
 // Material UI transitions must still work inside react-transition-group's TransitionGroup.
 // Import only its context module; do not import its Transition or TransitionGroup components.
-import TransitionGroupContext from 'react-transition-group/TransitionGroupContext';
+// Use RTG's explicit CJS file for Node ESM/SSR; package.json's `browser` field redirects
+// browser bundles to RTG's ESM file.
+// eslint-disable-next-line import/extensions -- Node ESM needs the explicit .js extension.
+import TransitionGroupContext from 'react-transition-group/cjs/TransitionGroupContext.js';
 import { reflow } from '../transitions/utils';
 
 type RenderedTransitionStatus = 'entering' | 'entered' | 'exiting' | 'exited';
diff --git a/packages/mui-material/src/internal/react-transition-group.d.ts b/packages/mui-material/src/internal/react-transition-group.d.ts
index ef20f1c36ce0cd..bca21db721ead7 100644
--- a/packages/mui-material/src/internal/react-transition-group.d.ts
+++ b/packages/mui-material/src/internal/react-transition-group.d.ts
@@ -8,3 +8,14 @@ declare module 'react-transition-group/TransitionGroupContext' {
   const TransitionGroupContext: React.Context<TransitionGroupContextValue | null>;
   export default TransitionGroupContext;
 }
+
+declare module 'react-transition-group/cjs/TransitionGroupContext.js' {
+  import * as React from 'react';
+
+  interface TransitionGroupContextValue {
+    isMounting: boolean;
+  }
+
+  const TransitionGroupContext: React.Context<TransitionGroupContextValue | null>;
+  export default TransitionGroupContext;
+}