diff --git a/.github/actions/test_gem/action.yml b/.github/actions/test_gem/action.yml
index b0d5832a91..a96797fd6d 100644
--- a/.github/actions/test_gem/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/test_gem/action.yml
@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@ inputs:
     required: false
     type: boolean
     default: false
+  minimum_coverage:
+    description: Minimum test coverage
+    required: false
+    type: string
+    default: 85
   rubocop:
     description: Run Rubocop
     required: false
@@ -93,9 +98,9 @@ runs:
         if [[ -f "Appraisals" ]]; then
           for i in `bundle exec appraisal list | sed 's/-/_/g' `; do
             echo "::group::🔎 Appraising ${i}"
-            BUNDLE_GEMFILE=gemfiles/${i}.gemfile bundle install --quiet --jobs=3 --retry=4 && \
-            BUNDLE_GEMFILE=gemfiles/${i}.gemfile bundle show && \
-            BUNDLE_GEMFILE=gemfiles/${i}.gemfile bundle exec rake test
+            SIMPLECOV_COMMAND_NAME="appraisal_${i}" BUNDLE_GEMFILE=gemfiles/${i}.gemfile bundle install --quiet --jobs=3 --retry=4 && \
+            SIMPLECOV_COMMAND_NAME="appraisal_${i}" BUNDLE_GEMFILE=gemfiles/${i}.gemfile bundle show && \
+            SIMPLECOV_COMMAND_NAME="appraisal_${i}" BUNDLE_GEMFILE=gemfiles/${i}.gemfile bundle exec rake test
             echo "::endgroup::"
           done
         else
@@ -111,6 +116,21 @@ runs:
         bundle exec rake yard
       working-directory: "${{ steps.setup.outputs.gem_dir }}"
 
+    - name: Coverage
+      shell: bash
+      if: "${{!startsWith(inputs.ruby, 'truffleruby')}}"
+      # This starts a new simplecov run which tracks nothing of its own,
+      # but merges with the existing coverage reports generated during testing.
+      env:
+        MINIMUM_COVERAGE: ${{ inputs.minimum_coverage || 85 }}
+      run: 'bundle exec ruby -e ''require "simplecov"; SimpleCov.minimum_coverage(ENV["MINIMUM_COVERAGE"].to_i); SimpleCov.collate Dir["coverage/**/.resultset.json"];'''
+      working-directory: "${{ steps.setup.outputs.gem_dir }}"
+
+    - name: Cleanup coverage artifacts
+      shell: bash
+      run: rm -rf coverage
+      working-directory: "${{ steps.setup.outputs.gem_dir }}"
+
     - name: Rubocop
       shell: bash
       if: "${{ inputs.rubocop == 'true' }}"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 02a8dd5a3a..70c82312cc 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           gem: "${{ matrix.gem }}"
           ruby: "3.4"
+          minimum_coverage: 62
       - name: "Test Ruby 3.3"
         uses: ./.github/actions/test_gem
         with:
@@ -55,18 +56,21 @@ jobs:
           yard: true
           rubocop: true
           build: true
+          minimum_coverage: 62
       - name: "Test JRuby"
         if: startsWith(matrix.os, 'ubuntu')
         uses: ./.github/actions/test_gem
         with:
           gem: "${{ matrix.gem }}"
           ruby: "jruby"
+          minimum_coverage: 62
       - name: "Test truffleruby"
         if: startsWith(matrix.os, 'ubuntu')
         uses: ./.github/actions/test_gem
         with:
           gem: "${{ matrix.gem }}"
           ruby: "truffleruby"
+          minimum_coverage: 62
 
   exporters:
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'open-telemetry/opentelemetry-ruby' }}
@@ -98,6 +102,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           gem: "${{ matrix.gem }}"
           ruby: "3.4"
+          minimum_coverage: 58
       - name: "Test Ruby 3.3"
         uses: ./.github/actions/test_gem
         with:
@@ -106,12 +111,14 @@ jobs:
           yard: true
           rubocop: true
           build: true
+          minimum_coverage: 58
       - name: "Test Zipkin with JRuby"
         if: "${{ startsWith(matrix.os, 'ubuntu') && matrix.gem == 'opentelemetry-exporter-zipkin' }}"
         uses: ./.github/actions/test_gem
         with:
           gem: "${{ matrix.gem }}"
           ruby: "jruby"
+          minimum_coverage: 58
       - name: "Truffleruby Filter"
         id: truffleruby_skip
         shell: bash
@@ -126,6 +133,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           gem: "${{ matrix.gem }}"
           ruby: "truffleruby"
+          minimum_coverage: 58
 
   propagators:
     if: ${{ github.repository == 'open-telemetry/opentelemetry-ruby' }}
diff --git a/.simplecov b/.simplecov
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f6cd629430
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.simplecov
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'digest'
+
+digest = Digest::MD5.new
+digest.update('test')
+digest.update(ENV.fetch('BUNDLE_GEMFILE', 'gemfile')) if ENV['APPRAISAL_INITIALIZED']
+
+ENV['ENABLE_COVERAGE'] ||= '1'
+
+if ENV['ENABLE_COVERAGE'].to_i.positive?
+  SimpleCov.command_name(ENV['SIMPLECOV_COMMAND_NAME'] || digest.hexdigest)
+  SimpleCov.start do
+    add_filter %r{^/test/}
+  end
+end
diff --git a/api/test/test_helper.rb b/api/test/test_helper.rb
index afc676d044..03d84857fc 100644
--- a/api/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/api/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,12 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
-if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
-  require 'simplecov'
-  SimpleCov.start
-  SimpleCov.minimum_coverage 85
-end
-
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'opentelemetry-test-helpers'
 require 'opentelemetry'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
diff --git a/common/test/test_helper.rb b/common/test/test_helper.rb
index bfce52523d..587257c742 100644
--- a/common/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/common/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,11 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
-if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
-  require 'simplecov'
-  SimpleCov.start
-end
-
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'opentelemetry-test-helpers'
 require 'opentelemetry/common'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
diff --git a/exporter/jaeger/test/test_helper.rb b/exporter/jaeger/test/test_helper.rb
index 4f32309b8f..5038695fce 100644
--- a/exporter/jaeger/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/exporter/jaeger/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,11 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
-if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
-  require 'simplecov'
-  SimpleCov.start
-end
-
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'opentelemetry-test-helpers'
 require 'opentelemetry/exporter/jaeger'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
diff --git a/exporter/otlp-common/test/test_helper.rb b/exporter/otlp-common/test/test_helper.rb
index 42f7d50502..15fdbd9527 100644
--- a/exporter/otlp-common/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/exporter/otlp-common/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,11 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
-if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
-  require 'simplecov'
-  SimpleCov.start
-end
-
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'opentelemetry/sdk'
 require 'opentelemetry-test-helpers'
 require 'opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-common'
diff --git a/exporter/otlp-grpc/test/test_helper.rb b/exporter/otlp-grpc/test/test_helper.rb
index 6fc3a3018b..06c25504c1 100644
--- a/exporter/otlp-grpc/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/exporter/otlp-grpc/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,11 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
-if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
-  require 'simplecov'
-  SimpleCov.start
-end
-
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'opentelemetry-test-helpers'
 require 'opentelemetry/exporter/otlp/grpc'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
diff --git a/exporter/otlp-http/test/test_helper.rb b/exporter/otlp-http/test/test_helper.rb
index e5272ac507..e156d3cb30 100644
--- a/exporter/otlp-http/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/exporter/otlp-http/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,11 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
-if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
-  require 'simplecov'
-  SimpleCov.start
-end
-
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'opentelemetry-test-helpers'
 require 'opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-http'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
diff --git a/exporter/otlp-logs/test/test_helper.rb b/exporter/otlp-logs/test/test_helper.rb
index 2ab9f61361..c44a0b6185 100644
--- a/exporter/otlp-logs/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/exporter/otlp-logs/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,16 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
-if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
-  require 'simplecov'
-  SimpleCov.start do
-    enable_coverage :branch
-    add_filter '/test/'
-  end
-
-  SimpleCov.minimum_coverage 85
-end
-
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'opentelemetry-test-helpers'
 require 'opentelemetry/exporter/otlp_logs'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
diff --git a/exporter/otlp-metrics/test/test_helper.rb b/exporter/otlp-metrics/test/test_helper.rb
index 9db443b396..820a87734f 100644
--- a/exporter/otlp-metrics/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/exporter/otlp-metrics/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,11 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
-if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
-  require 'simplecov'
-  SimpleCov.start
-end
-
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'opentelemetry-test-helpers'
 require 'opentelemetry/exporter/otlp_metrics'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
diff --git a/exporter/otlp/test/test_helper.rb b/exporter/otlp/test/test_helper.rb
index 13f3a55dc7..434eb1e8cf 100644
--- a/exporter/otlp/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/exporter/otlp/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,11 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
-if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
-  require 'simplecov'
-  SimpleCov.start
-end
-
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'opentelemetry-test-helpers'
 require 'opentelemetry/exporter/otlp'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
diff --git a/exporter/zipkin/test/test_helper.rb b/exporter/zipkin/test/test_helper.rb
index 9d760d051d..9958a53d0a 100644
--- a/exporter/zipkin/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/exporter/zipkin/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,11 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
-if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
-  require 'simplecov'
-  SimpleCov.start
-end
-
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'opentelemetry-test-helpers'
 require 'opentelemetry/exporter/zipkin'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
diff --git a/logs_api/test/test_helper.rb b/logs_api/test/test_helper.rb
index a141bff9aa..ca81c230b8 100644
--- a/logs_api/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/logs_api/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -5,13 +5,5 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
 require 'simplecov'
-
-SimpleCov.start do
-  enable_coverage :branch
-  add_filter '/test/'
-end
-
-SimpleCov.minimum_coverage 85
-
 require 'opentelemetry-logs-api'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
diff --git a/logs_sdk/test/test_helper.rb b/logs_sdk/test/test_helper.rb
index 7f11ee9508..9b9c32d9a9 100644
--- a/logs_sdk/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/logs_sdk/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -5,14 +5,6 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
 require 'simplecov'
-
-SimpleCov.start do
-  enable_coverage :branch
-  add_filter '/test/'
-end
-
-SimpleCov.minimum_coverage 85
-
 require 'opentelemetry-logs-api'
 require 'opentelemetry-logs-sdk'
 require 'opentelemetry-test-helpers'
diff --git a/metrics_api/test/test_helper.rb b/metrics_api/test/test_helper.rb
index 888b9f3c38..0d309ae4db 100644
--- a/metrics_api/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/metrics_api/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,10 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
-# require 'simplecov'
-# # SimpleCov.start
-# # SimpleCov.minimum_coverage 85
-
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'opentelemetry-test-helpers'
 require 'opentelemetry-metrics-api'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
diff --git a/metrics_sdk/test/test_helper.rb b/metrics_sdk/test/test_helper.rb
index 8658831961..7e7ecf0bb1 100644
--- a/metrics_sdk/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/metrics_sdk/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,10 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
-# require 'simplecov'
-# # SimpleCov.start
-# # SimpleCov.minimum_coverage 85
-
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'opentelemetry-metrics-sdk'
 require 'opentelemetry-test-helpers'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
diff --git a/propagator/b3/test/test_helper.rb b/propagator/b3/test/test_helper.rb
index 331f49d207..5ef5f794c3 100644
--- a/propagator/b3/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/propagator/b3/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,5 +4,6 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'opentelemetry-propagator-b3'
diff --git a/propagator/jaeger/test/test_helper.rb b/propagator/jaeger/test/test_helper.rb
index 9f33f3711c..d90efd3c7e 100644
--- a/propagator/jaeger/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/propagator/jaeger/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,5 +4,6 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'opentelemetry-propagator-jaeger'
diff --git a/registry/test/test_helper.rb b/registry/test/test_helper.rb
index 3ade6eb5a9..b99725133a 100644
--- a/registry/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/registry/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'opentelemetry-registry'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 require 'rspec/mocks/minitest_integration'
diff --git a/sdk/test/test_helper.rb b/sdk/test/test_helper.rb
index 62f558db1f..05afac1238 100644
--- a/sdk/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/sdk/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,12 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
-if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
-  require 'simplecov'
-  SimpleCov.start
-  SimpleCov.minimum_coverage 85
-end
-
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'opentelemetry-test-helpers'
 require 'opentelemetry-sdk'
 require 'opentelemetry-instrumentation-base'
diff --git a/sdk_experimental/test/test_helper.rb b/sdk_experimental/test/test_helper.rb
index cb46b69df7..1fea58f66b 100644
--- a/sdk_experimental/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/sdk_experimental/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,10 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
-# require 'simplecov'
-# # SimpleCov.start
-# # SimpleCov.minimum_coverage 85
-
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'opentelemetry-sdk-experimental'
 require 'opentelemetry-test-helpers'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
diff --git a/semantic_conventions/test/test_helper.rb b/semantic_conventions/test/test_helper.rb
index 45c9cea8ec..6d5bf54d7e 100644
--- a/semantic_conventions/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/semantic_conventions/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,12 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
-if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
-  require 'simplecov'
-  SimpleCov.start
-  SimpleCov.minimum_coverage 85
-end
-
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
 
 Dir[File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '..', 'lib', 'opentelemetry', '**', '*.rb')].each { |file| require file }
diff --git a/test_helpers/test/test_helper.rb b/test_helpers/test/test_helper.rb
index f0018c7043..42097a1dbb 100644
--- a/test_helpers/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/test_helpers/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -4,12 +4,7 @@
 #
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
+require 'simplecov'
 require 'opentelemetry-sdk'
 require 'opentelemetry-test-helpers'
 require 'minitest/autorun'
-
-if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
-  require 'simplecov'
-  SimpleCov.start
-  SimpleCov.minimum_coverage 85
-end