diff --git a/3rdparty/libremidi b/3rdparty/libremidi
index cccc943045d..70682d03676 160000
--- a/3rdparty/libremidi
+++ b/3rdparty/libremidi
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit cccc943045dc4326395584cd4bc416a622de4b1a
+Subproject commit 70682d03676ea92e1620c9814efd01a722c5b54e
diff --git a/src/ossia/audio/audio_engine.cpp b/src/ossia/audio/audio_engine.cpp
index dbc2cf2a726..4611e93dcce 100644
--- a/src/ossia/audio/audio_engine.cpp
+++ b/src/ossia/audio/audio_engine.cpp
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include <ossia/audio/audio_engine.hpp>
 #include <ossia/audio/dummy_protocol.hpp>
 #include <ossia/audio/jack_protocol.hpp>
+#include <ossia/audio/miniaudio_protocol.hpp>
 #include <ossia/audio/pipewire_protocol.hpp>
 #include <ossia/audio/portaudio_protocol.hpp>
 #include <ossia/audio/pulseaudio_protocol.hpp>
@@ -57,6 +58,13 @@ void audio_engine::sync()
   req++;
   request.store(req);
 
+#if defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)
+  // On WASM, the audio runs in a worklet thread. We cannot spin-wait
+  // on the main thread as it blocks the browser event loop entirely.
+  // The tick will pick up the new request on its next callback.
+  return;
+#endif
+
   // The engine has started running, we wait for a couple iterations
   // to leave some time for the ticks to be updated
   int k = 0;
@@ -121,7 +129,22 @@ ossia::audio_engine* make_audio_engine(
   bs = 1024;
   inputs = 0;
   outputs = 2;
+#if OSSIA_ENABLE_MINIAUDIO
+  {
+    static auto ctx = std::make_shared<ossia::miniaudio_context>();
+    static bool ctx_init = false;
+    if(!ctx_init)
+    {
+      auto cfg = ma_context_config_init();
+      ma_context_init(nullptr, 0, &cfg, &ctx->context);
+      ctx_init = true;
+    }
+    ma_device_id in_id{}, out_id{};
+    return new ossia::miniaudio_engine{ctx, name, in_id, out_id, inputs, outputs, rate, bs};
+  }
+#else
   return new ossia::sdl_protocol{rate, bs};
+#endif
 #endif
 
   if(0)
diff --git a/src/ossia/audio/miniaudio.cpp b/src/ossia/audio/miniaudio.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9cfe60acbf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/ossia/audio/miniaudio.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include <ossia/detail/config.hpp>
+
+// The one and only translation unit that compiles the miniaudio single-header
+// implementation. Everywhere else miniaudio_protocol.hpp only brings in the
+// declarations. Config macros (backends, MA_MAX_CHANNELS, MA_API) come from
+// miniaudio_protocol.hpp so they stay identical between here and every user.
+#if __has_include(<miniaudio.h>)
+#define MINIAUDIO_IMPLEMENTATION
+#include <ossia/audio/miniaudio_protocol.hpp>
+#endif
diff --git a/src/ossia/audio/miniaudio_protocol.hpp b/src/ossia/audio/miniaudio_protocol.hpp
index 83e492493ac..f5b9253d90f 100644
--- a/src/ossia/audio/miniaudio_protocol.hpp
+++ b/src/ossia/audio/miniaudio_protocol.hpp
@@ -3,13 +3,21 @@
 
 #if __has_include(<miniaudio.h>)
 #define OSSIA_ENABLE_MINIAUDIO 1
-#define MINIAUDIO_IMPLEMENTATION
+// The single-header implementation is compiled exactly once, in miniaudio.cpp.
+// Every other includer of this header only sees declarations, so there is no
+// duplicate-symbol clash when libossia and score-plugin-audio are statically
+// linked into the same binary (e.g. wasm).
 #if defined(__APPLE__)
 #define MA_NO_RUNTIME_LINKING 1
 #endif
 #define MA_ENABLE_ONLY_SPECIFIC_BACKENDS 1
+#if defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)
+#define MA_ENABLE_WEBAUDIO 1
+#define MA_ENABLE_AUDIO_WORKLETS 1
+#else
 #define MA_ENABLE_COREAUDIO 1
 #define MA_ENABLE_ALSA 1
+#endif
 #define MA_NO_WAV 1
 #define MA_NO_FLAC 1
 #define MA_NO_MP3 1
@@ -17,13 +25,15 @@
 #define MA_NO_NODE_GRAPH 1
 #define MA_NO_GENERATION 1
 #define MA_MAX_CHANNELS 1024
-#define MA_API
+// Export the miniaudio API from libossia so consumers (score-plugin-audio)
+// link against this one copy instead of compiling their own. OSSIA_EXPORT is
+// empty in static builds, dllexport/visibility when building the ossia shared
+// lib, and dllimport when compiling against it.
+#define MA_API OSSIA_EXPORT
 
 #include <ossia/audio/audio_engine.hpp>
 #include <ossia/detail/thread.hpp>
 
-#include <kfr/base/conversion.hpp>
-
 #include <miniaudio.h>
 
 #define OSSIA_AUDIO_MINIAUDIO 1
@@ -144,6 +154,7 @@ class miniaudio_engine final : public audio_engine
   static void
   callback(ma_device* pDevice, void* output, const void* input, ma_uint32 nframes)
   {
+#if !defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)
     [[maybe_unused]]
     static const thread_local auto _
         = [] {
@@ -151,11 +162,10 @@ class miniaudio_engine final : public audio_engine
       ossia::set_thread_pinned(thread_type::Audio, 0);
       return 0;
     }();
+#endif
 
     auto& self = *static_cast<miniaudio_engine*>(pDevice->pUserData);
     self.tick_start();
-    if(!self.m_start)
-      self.m_start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
 
     if(self.stop_processing)
     {
@@ -167,7 +177,11 @@ class miniaudio_engine final : public audio_engine
     auto ins_data = self.ins_data.data();
     for(int i = 0; i < self.effective_inputs; i++)
       ins[i] = ins_data + i * nframes;
-    kfr::deinterleave(ins, (float*)input, self.effective_inputs, nframes);
+
+    const float* in_samples = static_cast<const float*>(input);
+    for(int c = 0; c < self.effective_inputs; c++)
+      for(ma_uint32 f = 0; f < nframes; f++)
+        ins[c][f] = in_samples[f * self.effective_inputs + c];
 
     auto outs = self.outs.data();
     auto outs_data = self.outs_data.data();
@@ -175,11 +189,20 @@ class miniaudio_engine final : public audio_engine
     for(int i = 0; i < self.effective_outputs; i++)
       outs[i] = outs_data + i * nframes;
 
+#if defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)
+    // On WASM audio worklets, std::chrono::steady_clock is unavailable.
+    // Use the sample count to derive time instead.
+    self.m_frames_elapsed += nframes;
+    double nsecs = (double)self.m_frames_elapsed / self.effective_sample_rate;
+#else
+    if(!self.m_start)
+      self.m_start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
     auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
     auto nsecs
         = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(now - *self.m_start)
               .count()
           / 1e9;
+#endif
 
     ossia::audio_tick_state ts{(float* const*)ins,     outs,    self.effective_inputs,
                                self.effective_outputs, nframes, nsecs};
@@ -187,13 +210,19 @@ class miniaudio_engine final : public audio_engine
 
     self.tick_end();
 
-    kfr::interleave(
-        (float*)output, (const float**)outs, self.effective_outputs, nframes);
+    float* out_samples = static_cast<float*>(output);
+    for(int c = 0; c < self.effective_outputs; c++)
+      for(ma_uint32 f = 0; f < nframes; f++)
+        out_samples[f * self.effective_outputs + c] = outs[c][f];
   }
 
   std::shared_ptr<miniaudio_context> m_ctx;
   ma_device m_stream;
+#if defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__)
+  uint64_t m_frames_elapsed{};
+#else
   std::optional<std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point> m_start;
+#endif
 
   boost::container::vector<float> ins_data;
   boost::container::vector<float*> ins;
diff --git a/src/ossia_features.cmake b/src/ossia_features.cmake
index be16f23a5fd..dd7ca90d6bb 100644
--- a/src/ossia_features.cmake
+++ b/src/ossia_features.cmake
@@ -276,6 +276,31 @@ if(OSSIA_DATAFLOW)
     target_link_libraries(ossia PRIVATE $<BUILD_INTERFACE:ossia::sdl2>)
   endif()
 
+  # MiniAudio (CoreAudio on macOS, ALSA on Linux, Web Audio on wasm).
+  # The single-header implementation is compiled here, once, in miniaudio.cpp;
+  # consumers (score-plugin-audio) only see declarations and link the exported
+  # API, so there is no duplicate ma_* symbol when everything is statically
+  # linked into one binary. Not used on Windows (WASAPI/PortAudio there).
+  if(NOT WIN32)
+    target_sources(ossia PRIVATE
+      "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/ossia/audio/miniaudio.cpp")
+    # Keep it its own TU: it is the only place MINIAUDIO_IMPLEMENTATION is
+    # defined, and unity-merging could reorder it past a declarations-only
+    # include and drop the implementation.
+    set_source_files_properties(
+      "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/ossia/audio/miniaudio.cpp"
+      PROPERTIES SKIP_UNITY_BUILD_INCLUSION ON)
+    target_include_directories(ossia PRIVATE $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${OSSIA_3RDPARTY_FOLDER}/miniaudio>)
+    if(APPLE)
+      # miniaudio's CoreAudio backend, built with MA_NO_RUNTIME_LINKING.
+      target_link_libraries(ossia PRIVATE
+        "-framework CoreAudio" "-framework AudioToolbox"
+        "-framework AudioUnit" "-framework CoreFoundation")
+    elseif(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME MATCHES Emscripten)
+      target_link_options(ossia PUBLIC -sAUDIO_WORKLET=1 -sWASM_WORKERS=1)
+    endif()
+  endif()
+
   if(OSSIA_ENABLE_LIBSAMPLERATE)
     target_link_libraries(ossia PRIVATE $<BUILD_INTERFACE:SampleRate::samplerate>)
   endif()