ext/phar: improve .phar madic directory preservation logic in phar::addEmptyDir() (#22011)

Now, the .phar directory is a magic dir for phar files, and in phar::addEmptyDir(), users couldn't create a dir naming .phar

The implementation is:
```c
	if (zend_string_starts_with_literal(dir_name, ".phar")) {
		zend_throw_exception_ex(spl_ce_BadMethodCallException, 0, "Cannot create a directory in magic \".phar\" directory");
		RETURN_THROWS();
```
This has two bugs.

Firstly, people can use /.phar to create the .phar dir. The leading / will be ignored. (no need to concern about ../ though, it will be ignored.)

```php
<?php
  $phar = new Phar(__DIR__ . '/test.phar', 0, 'test.phar');
  $phar->addEmptyDir('/.phar');
  var_dump(is_dir('phar://' . __DIR__ . '/test.phar/.phar'));
```
Will return true with the .phar dir created, while if the dir is .phar it will raise an error.

Secondly, it only matches the prefix. That means, /.pharxxx will not be allowed to create, which is not a magic dir.

```php
<?php
  $phar = new Phar(__DIR__ . '/test.phar', 0, 'test.phar');
  $phar->addEmptyDir('.pharx');
```
This will raise an error.
```
PHP Fatal error:  Uncaught BadMethodCallException: Cannot create a directory in magic ".phar" directory in C:\Users\admin\Desktop\bench.php:3
```
This PR fix both by 1. adding a trailing check of the path to make .pharx valid 2. adding a check to /.phar

Author: LamentXU123

NEWS

@@ -129,6 +129,10 @@ PHP                                                                        NEWS
   . Support reference values in Phar::mungServer(). (ndossche)
   . Invalid values now throw in Phar::mungServer() instead of being silently
     ignored. (ndossche)
+  . Fixed a bypass of the magic ".phar" directory protection in
+    Phar::addEmptyDir() for paths starting with "/.phar". (Weilin Du)
+  . Phar::addEmptyDir() now allows non-magic directory names that merely
+    share the ".phar" prefix. (Weilin Du)
   . Support overridden methods in SplFileInfo for getMTime() and getPathname()
     when building a phar. (ndossche)
   . Mark Phar::buildFromIterator() base directory argument as a path.

UPGRADING

@@ -55,6 +55,11 @@ PHP 8.6 UPGRADE NOTES
 - Phar:
   . Phar::mungServer() now raises a ValueError when an invalid
     argument value is passed instead of being silently ignored.
+  . Phar::addEmptyDir() now rejects `/.phar` paths in addition to `.phar`
+    paths, and raises the same BadMethodCallException for attempts to create
+    the reserved magic ".phar" directory through that form.
+  . Phar::addEmptyDir() now treats non-magic names that merely share the
+    `.phar` prefix as ordinary directories.
 
 - PGSQL:
   . pg_fetch_object() now reports the ValueError for a non-empty

ext/phar/phar_object.c

@@ -3789,9 +3789,16 @@ PHP_METHOD(Phar, addEmptyDir)
 
 	PHAR_ARCHIVE_OBJECT();
 
-	if (zend_string_starts_with_literal(dir_name, ".phar")) {
-		zend_throw_exception_ex(spl_ce_BadMethodCallException, 0, "Cannot create a directory in magic \".phar\" directory");
-		RETURN_THROWS();
+	if (
+		zend_string_starts_with_literal(dir_name, ".phar")
+		|| zend_string_starts_with_literal(dir_name, "/.phar")
+	) {
+		size_t prefix_len = (ZSTR_VAL(dir_name)[0] == '/') + sizeof(".phar") - 1;
+		char next_char = ZSTR_VAL(dir_name)[prefix_len];
+		if (next_char == '/' || next_char == '\\' || next_char == '\0') {
+			zend_throw_exception_ex(spl_ce_BadMethodCallException, 0, "Cannot create a directory in magic \".phar\" directory");
+			RETURN_THROWS();
+		}
 	}
 
 	phar_mkdir(&phar_obj->archive, dir_name);

ext/phar/tests/mkdir.phpt

@@ -24,6 +24,13 @@ $a->addEmptyDir('.phar');
 } catch (Exception $e) {
 echo $e->getMessage(),"\n";
 }
+try {
+$a->addEmptyDir('/.phar');
+} catch (Exception $e) {
+echo $e->getMessage(),"\n";
+}
+$a->addEmptyDir('/.pharx');
+var_dump(is_dir($pname . '/.pharx'));
 ?>
 --CLEAN--
 <?php
@@ -43,3 +50,5 @@ Warning: rmdir(): phar error: cannot remove directory "" in phar "foo.phar", dir
 
 Warning: rmdir(): phar error: cannot remove directory "a" in phar "%smkdir.phar.php", phar error: path "a" exists and is a not a directory in %smkdir.php on line %d
 Cannot create a directory in magic ".phar" directory
+Cannot create a directory in magic ".phar" directory
+bool(true)