diff --git a/src/Analyser/ExprHandler/MatchHandler.php b/src/Analyser/ExprHandler/MatchHandler.php
index c83532f62d..90d4714a5a 100644
--- a/src/Analyser/ExprHandler/MatchHandler.php
+++ b/src/Analyser/ExprHandler/MatchHandler.php
@@ -271,9 +271,8 @@ public function processExpr(NodeScopeResolver $nodeScopeResolver, Stmt $stmt, Ex
 					$conditionCases = [];
 					$conditionExprs = [];
 					foreach ($arm->conds as $j => $cond) {
-						if (!$cond instanceof Expr\ClassConstFetch) {
-							throw new ShouldNotHappenException();
-						}
+						// The pre-validation loop above already guaranteed (via break 2)
+						// that every reached condition is an enum-case ClassConstFetch.
 						if (!$cond->class instanceof Name) {
 							throw new ShouldNotHappenException();
 						}
diff --git a/src/Analyser/NodeScopeResolver.php b/src/Analyser/NodeScopeResolver.php
index ea7cfee5d1..3f63434d03 100644
--- a/src/Analyser/NodeScopeResolver.php
+++ b/src/Analyser/NodeScopeResolver.php
@@ -1491,11 +1491,26 @@ public function processStmtNode(
 			$finalScope = $finalScopeResult->getScope();
 			$scopesWithIterableValueType = [];
 
+			$keyVarExpr = null;
 			$originalKeyVarExpr = null;
-			$continueExitPointHasUnoriginalKeyType = false;
 			if ($stmt->keyVar instanceof Variable && is_string($stmt->keyVar->name)) {
+				$keyVarExpr = $stmt->keyVar;
 				$originalKeyVarExpr = new OriginalForeachKeyExpr($stmt->keyVar->name);
-				if ($finalScope->hasExpressionType($originalKeyVarExpr)->yes()) {
+			}
+			$originalValueExpr = null;
+			if ($stmt->valueVar instanceof Variable && is_string($stmt->valueVar->name)) {
+				$originalValueExpr = new OriginalForeachValueExpr($stmt->valueVar->name);
+			}
+
+			// With a key variable, each iteration is tracked through the original key
+			// expression and the narrowed element is projected onto the array dim fetch.
+			// Without one (`foreach ($a as $v)`) we instead track the original value
+			// expression and rewrite the array value type directly from the value var.
+			$trackingExpr = $originalKeyVarExpr ?? $originalValueExpr;
+
+			$continueExitPointHasUnoriginalKeyType = false;
+			if ($trackingExpr !== null) {
+				if ($finalScope->hasExpressionType($trackingExpr)->yes()) {
 					$scopesWithIterableValueType[] = $finalScope;
 				} else {
 					$continueExitPointHasUnoriginalKeyType = true;
@@ -1505,7 +1520,7 @@ public function processStmtNode(
 			foreach ($finalScopeResult->getExitPointsByType(Continue_::class) as $continueExitPoint) {
 				$continueScope = $continueExitPoint->getScope();
 				$finalScope = $continueScope->mergeWith($finalScope);
-				if ($originalKeyVarExpr === null || !$continueScope->hasExpressionType($originalKeyVarExpr)->yes()) {
+				if ($trackingExpr === null || !$continueScope->hasExpressionType($trackingExpr)->yes()) {
 					$continueExitPointHasUnoriginalKeyType = true;
 					continue;
 				}
@@ -1526,58 +1541,59 @@ public function processStmtNode(
 				count($breakExitPoints) === 0
 				&& count($scopesWithIterableValueType) > 0
 				&& !$continueExitPointHasUnoriginalKeyType
-				&& $stmt->keyVar !== null
+				&& ($keyVarExpr !== null || $originalValueExpr !== null)
 				&& (!$hasExpr->no() || !$stmt->expr instanceof Variable)
 				&& $exprType->isArray()->yes()
 				&& $exprType->isConstantArray()->no()
 			) {
-				$arrayExprDimFetch = new ArrayDimFetch($stmt->expr, $stmt->keyVar);
-				$originalValueExpr = null;
-				if ($stmt->valueVar instanceof Variable && is_string($stmt->valueVar->name)) {
-					$originalValueExpr = new OriginalForeachValueExpr($stmt->valueVar->name);
-				}
 				$arrayDimFetchLoopTypes = [];
-				$keyLoopTypes = [];
-				foreach ($scopesWithIterableValueType as $scopeWithIterableValueType) {
-					$dimFetchType = $scopeWithIterableValueType->getType($arrayExprDimFetch);
-					// Condition-based narrowings like `is_string($type)` apply to the value
-					// variable but not automatically to the array dim fetch, even though the
-					// two describe the same element for a given iteration. If the value var
-					// hasn't been reassigned (OriginalForeachValueExpr still tracked) we use
-					// the narrowed value-var type in place of the broader dim fetch type so
-					// the loop's final array rewrite below picks up the sharper element type.
-					if ($originalValueExpr !== null && $scopeWithIterableValueType->hasExpressionType($originalValueExpr)->yes()) {
-						$valueVarType = $scopeWithIterableValueType->getType($stmt->valueVar);
-						if ($dimFetchType->isSuperTypeOf($valueVarType)->yes()) {
-							$dimFetchType = $valueVarType;
-						}
-					}
-					$arrayDimFetchLoopTypes[] = $dimFetchType;
-					$keyLoopTypes[] = $scopeWithIterableValueType->getType($stmt->keyVar);
-				}
-
-				$arrayDimFetchLoopType = TypeCombinator::union(...$arrayDimFetchLoopTypes);
-				$keyLoopType = TypeCombinator::union(...$keyLoopTypes);
-
 				$arrayDimFetchLoopNativeTypes = [];
+				$keyLoopTypes = [];
 				$keyLoopNativeTypes = [];
 				foreach ($scopesWithIterableValueType as $scopeWithIterableValueType) {
-					$dimFetchNativeType = $scopeWithIterableValueType->getNativeType($arrayExprDimFetch);
-					if ($originalValueExpr !== null && $scopeWithIterableValueType->hasExpressionType($originalValueExpr)->yes()) {
-						$valueVarNativeType = $scopeWithIterableValueType->getNativeType($stmt->valueVar);
-						if ($dimFetchNativeType->isSuperTypeOf($valueVarNativeType)->yes()) {
-							$dimFetchNativeType = $valueVarNativeType;
+					if ($keyVarExpr !== null) {
+						$arrayExprDimFetch = new ArrayDimFetch($stmt->expr, $keyVarExpr);
+						$dimFetchType = $scopeWithIterableValueType->getType($arrayExprDimFetch);
+						$dimFetchNativeType = $scopeWithIterableValueType->getNativeType($arrayExprDimFetch);
+						// Condition-based narrowings like `is_string($type)` apply to the value
+						// variable but not automatically to the array dim fetch, even though the
+						// two describe the same element for a given iteration. If the value var
+						// hasn't been reassigned (OriginalForeachValueExpr still tracked) we use
+						// the narrowed value-var type in place of the broader dim fetch type so
+						// the loop's final array rewrite below picks up the sharper element type.
+						if ($originalValueExpr !== null && $scopeWithIterableValueType->hasExpressionType($originalValueExpr)->yes()) {
+							$valueVarType = $scopeWithIterableValueType->getType($stmt->valueVar);
+							if ($dimFetchType->isSuperTypeOf($valueVarType)->yes()) {
+								$dimFetchType = $valueVarType;
+							}
+							$valueVarNativeType = $scopeWithIterableValueType->getNativeType($stmt->valueVar);
+							if ($dimFetchNativeType->isSuperTypeOf($valueVarNativeType)->yes()) {
+								$dimFetchNativeType = $valueVarNativeType;
+							}
 						}
+						$keyLoopTypes[] = $scopeWithIterableValueType->getType($keyVarExpr);
+						$keyLoopNativeTypes[] = $scopeWithIterableValueType->getType($keyVarExpr);
+					} else {
+						// No key variable: the narrowed value var is the array element type directly.
+						$dimFetchType = $scopeWithIterableValueType->getType($stmt->valueVar);
+						$dimFetchNativeType = $scopeWithIterableValueType->getNativeType($stmt->valueVar);
 					}
+					$arrayDimFetchLoopTypes[] = $dimFetchType;
 					$arrayDimFetchLoopNativeTypes[] = $dimFetchNativeType;
-					$keyLoopNativeTypes[] = $scopeWithIterableValueType->getType($stmt->keyVar);
 				}
 
+				$arrayDimFetchLoopType = TypeCombinator::union(...$arrayDimFetchLoopTypes);
 				$arrayDimFetchLoopNativeType = TypeCombinator::union(...$arrayDimFetchLoopNativeTypes);
-				$keyLoopNativeType = TypeCombinator::union(...$keyLoopNativeTypes);
 
 				$valueTypeChanged = !$arrayDimFetchLoopType->equals($exprType->getIterableValueType());
-				$keyTypeChanged = !$keyLoopType->equals($exprType->getIterableKeyType());
+				$keyTypeChanged = false;
+				$keyLoopType = $exprType->getIterableKeyType();
+				$keyLoopNativeType = $scope->getNativeType($stmt->expr)->getIterableKeyType();
+				if ($keyVarExpr !== null) {
+					$keyLoopType = TypeCombinator::union(...$keyLoopTypes);
+					$keyLoopNativeType = TypeCombinator::union(...$keyLoopNativeTypes);
+					$keyTypeChanged = !$keyLoopType->equals($exprType->getIterableKeyType());
+				}
 
 				if ($valueTypeChanged || $keyTypeChanged) {
 					$newExprType = $exprType;
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-5755.php b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-5755.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d2ef1e2c7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-5755.php
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+<?php declare(strict_types = 1);
+
+namespace Bug5755;
+
+use function PHPStan\Testing\assertType;
+
+/**
+ * @param list<mixed> $ids
+ * @return list<string>|null
+ */
+function validate(array $ids): array|null
+{
+	foreach ($ids as $id) {
+		if (!is_string($id)) {
+			return null;
+		}
+	}
+
+	assertType('list<string>', $ids);
+
+	return $ids;
+}
+
+class Test
+{
+
+	/**
+	 * @return array<int|string>|float|int|string|false|null
+	 */
+	private function value(): mixed
+	{
+		$values = ['a', 1, false, null, 3.4, [], [2, 3, 4], ['a', 'b', 'c']];
+		$index = rand(0, 7);
+		return $values[$index];
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @return array<string>|null
+	 */
+	public function strings(): ?array
+	{
+		$values = $this->value();
+		if (!is_array($values)) {
+			return null;
+		}
+		foreach ($values as $value) {
+			if (!is_string($value)) {
+				return null;
+			}
+		}
+
+		assertType('array<string>', $values);
+
+		return $values;
+	}
+
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param array<string, int|string> $map
+ */
+function withGuardContinue(array $map): void
+{
+	foreach ($map as $value) {
+		if (is_int($value)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+	}
+
+	// The continue keeps int around, no narrowing happens.
+	assertType('array<string, int|string>', $map);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param array<string, int|string> $map
+ */
+function narrowKeyless(array $map): void
+{
+	foreach ($map as $value) {
+		if (!is_string($value)) {
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+
+	assertType('array<string, string>', $map);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param list<int|string> $list
+ */
+function reassignValueVarKeyless(array $list): void
+{
+	foreach ($list as $value) {
+		// Reassigning the value variable must not narrow the array element type.
+		$value = 'foo';
+	}
+
+	assertType('list<int|string>', $list);
+}
+
+interface Foo
+{
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param list<Foo|string> $list
+ */
+function instanceofKeyless(array $list): void
+{
+	foreach ($list as $value) {
+		if (!$value instanceof Foo) {
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+
+	assertType('list<Bug5755\Foo>', $list);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param list<int|string> $list
+ */
+function throwKeyless(array $list): void
+{
+	foreach ($list as $value) {
+		if (!is_string($value)) {
+			throw new \Exception();
+		}
+	}
+
+	assertType('list<string>', $list);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param list<int|string> $list
+ */
+function byRefKeyless(array $list): void
+{
+	foreach ($list as &$value) {
+		if (!is_string($value)) {
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+
+	assertType('list<string>', $list);
+}
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-7076.php b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-7076.php
index c05ead15b4..de23368b94 100644
--- a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-7076.php
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-7076.php
@@ -123,7 +123,9 @@ function noKeyVar(array $arguments): void
 		}
 	}
 
-	assertType('array<int|string, mixed>', $arguments);
+	// Even without a key variable, every element is guaranteed to be a string
+	// after the loop, so the value type is narrowed.
+	assertType('array<int|string, string>', $arguments);
 }
 
 /**