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<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></li></ul></div></div> <!----></nav> <!----> </aside> <div class="password-shadow password-wrapper-in" style="display:none;" data-v-59e6cb88 data-v-7dd95ae2><h3 class="title" data-v-59e6cb88>JWT(java web token)</h3> <!----> <label id="box" class="inputBox" data-v-59e6cb88><input type="password" value="" data-v-59e6cb88> <span data-v-59e6cb88>Konck! Knock!</span> <button data-v-59e6cb88>OK</button></label> <div class="footer" data-v-59e6cb88><span data-v-59e6cb88><i class="iconfont reco-theme" data-v-59e6cb88></i> <a target="blank" href="https://vuepress-theme-reco.recoluan.com" data-v-59e6cb88>vuePress-theme-reco</a></span> <span data-v-59e6cb88><i class="iconfont reco-copyright" data-v-59e6cb88></i> <a data-v-59e6cb88><span data-v-59e6cb88>apan</span>
<span data-v-59e6cb88>2015 - </span>
2025
</a></span></div></div> <div data-v-7dd95ae2><div data-v-7dd95ae2><main class="page"><section style="display:;"><div class="page-title"><h1 class="title">JWT(java web token)</h1> <div data-v-8a445198><i class="iconfont reco-account" data-v-8a445198><span data-v-8a445198>apan</span></i> <i class="iconfont reco-date" data-v-8a445198><span data-v-8a445198>11/3/2022</span></i> <i class="iconfont reco-eye" data-v-8a445198><span id="/jwt.html" data-flag-title="Your Article Title" class="leancloud-visitors" data-v-8a445198><a class="leancloud-visitors-count" style="font-size:.9rem;font-weight:normal;color:#999;"></a></span></i> <i class="tags iconfont reco-tag" data-v-8a445198><span class="tag-item" data-v-8a445198>java</span><span class="tag-item" data-v-8a445198>jwt</span></i></div></div> <div class="theme-reco-content content__default"><div class="adswrapper"><!----> <div style="display:none;"></div> <ins data-ad-layout="in-article" data-ad-format="fluid" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3196441204212737" data-ad-slot="7162284157" data-ad-test="" data-ad-region="" class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block;"></ins> <!----> <div style="display:none;"> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </div></div> <h2 id="引言"><a href="#引言" class="header-anchor">#</a> 引言</h2> <h3 id="https"><a href="#https" class="header-anchor">#</a> https</h3> <p>网络传输的安全性</p> <p>必须有安全认证</p> <h3 id="cookie"><a href="#cookie" class="header-anchor">#</a> cookie</h3> <p>浏览器可以不用cookie</p> <p>浏览器默认发送cookie</p> <p>tomcat session活化技术，关闭后会把session序列化存储本地文件，启动时加载</p> <h2 id="简介"><a href="#简介" class="header-anchor">#</a> 简介</h2> <ol><li>是跨语言的，原则上任何web都支持</li> <li>适合分布式</li> <li>可以做验证，支持加密算法</li> <li>缺点是不能更新有效时间</li></ol> <h2 id="数据结构"><a href="#数据结构" class="header-anchor">#</a> 数据结构</h2> <ol><li>没有换行的</li> <li>使用.分隔成3部分：标头Header、载荷payload、签名signature，base64编码，eg：</li></ol> <p>eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJ1c2VyTmFtZSI6IueuoeeQhuWRmCIsImV4cCI6MTY2NzQ0MjYxNSwidXNlcklkIjoiYWRtaW4ifQ.MaAgsYMWc05nMddmJrI1qmbvm5IXTV54hG7IKQJOvDw</p> <p><a href="https://c.runoob.com/front-end/693/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer">Base64 编码/解码 | 菜鸟工具 (runoob.com)<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></p> <p><img src="https://jsd.cdn.zzko.cn/gh/pxpy/img@master/image.563lt17z8uc0.webp" alt="image"></p> <h3 id="header"><a href="#header" class="header-anchor">#</a> Header</h3> <p>{”alg”:“HS256”,“typ”:“JWT”}</p> <h3 id="payload"><a href="#payload" class="header-anchor">#</a> Payload</h3> <p>自定义</p> <div class="language-java line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-java"><code>iss<span class="token operator">:</span>
exp<span class="token operator">:</span>
sub<span class="token operator">:</span> 主题
aud<span class="token operator">:</span>
nbf<span class="token operator">:</span> 在此之前不可用
iat<span class="token operator">:</span>
jti<span class="token operator">:</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><p>不要再此存储敏感信息</p> <p>实际上一般与redis联用</p> <h3 id="signature"><a href="#signature" class="header-anchor">#</a> signature</h3> <p>密钥不要改</p> <h2 id="jwt的种类"><a href="#jwt的种类" class="header-anchor">#</a> JWT的种类</h2> <p>typ属性</p> <ol><li>nonsecure JWT：未经过签名，不安全的JWT</li> <li>JWS： 经过签名的jwt</li></ol> <p><strong>公钥</strong>： 验证jwt是否合法(解密)，是公开的（可能同时多人持有）。
<strong>私钥</strong>： 生成jwt使用(加密)，通常个人保存私钥
公钥与私钥都能用于加密和解密，看实际用途
<img src="https://jsd.cdn.zzko.cn/gh/pxpy/img@master/image.zw5qs4n94tc.webp" alt="image"></p> <p>JWS，也就是WT Signature，其结构就是在之前nonsecure JWT的基础上，在头部声明签名算法，并在最后添加上签名。创建签名，是保证jwt不能被他人随意篡改。我们通常使用的WT一般都是WS为了完成签名，除了用到neaderf信息和payload信息外，还需要算法的密钥，也就是secretKey。加密的算法一般有2类：
对称加密：secretKey指加密密钥，可以生成签名与验签非对称加密：secretKey：指私钥，只用来生成签名，不能用来验签（验签用的是公钥） JWT的密钥或者密钥对，一般统一称为SON Web Key，也就是WK到目前为止，jw的签名算法有三种：</p> <ol><li>HMAC【哈希消息验证码（对称）】：HS256/HS384/HS512</li> <li>RSASSA【RSA签名算法（非对称）】（RS256/RS384/RS512）</li> <li>ECDSA【椭圆曲线数据签名算法（非对称）】（ES256/ES384/ES512）</li></ol> <p>在线生成私钥公钥
<a href="https://www.ssleye.com/ssltool/pass_double.html" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer">https://www.ssleye.com/ssltool/pass_double.html<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></p> <h2 id="代码"><a href="#代码" class="header-anchor">#</a> 代码</h2> <h3 id="依赖"><a href="#依赖" class="header-anchor">#</a> 依赖</h3> <p>推荐java-jwt</p> <div class="language-xml line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-xml"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>com.auth0<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>java-jwt<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>3.19.2<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><div class="language-java line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-java"><code><span class="token keyword">package</span> <span class="token namespace">com<span class="token punctuation">.</span>zr</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token import static"><span class="token namespace">org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>junit<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">Assert</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token static">assertTrue</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token import"><span class="token namespace">com<span class="token punctuation">.</span>auth0<span class="token punctuation">.</span>jwt<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">JWT</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token import"><span class="token namespace">com<span class="token punctuation">.</span>auth0<span class="token punctuation">.</span>jwt<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">JWTVerifier</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token import"><span class="token namespace">com<span class="token punctuation">.</span>auth0<span class="token punctuation">.</span>jwt<span class="token punctuation">.</span>algorithms<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">Algorithm</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token import"><span class="token namespace">com<span class="token punctuation">.</span>auth0<span class="token punctuation">.</span>jwt<span class="token punctuation">.</span>exceptions<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">SignatureVerificationException</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token import"><span class="token namespace">com<span class="token punctuation">.</span>auth0<span class="token punctuation">.</span>jwt<span class="token punctuation">.</span>exceptions<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">TokenExpiredException</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token import"><span class="token namespace">com<span class="token punctuation">.</span>auth0<span class="token punctuation">.</span>jwt<span class="token punctuation">.</span>interfaces<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">Claim</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token import"><span class="token namespace">com<span class="token punctuation">.</span>auth0<span class="token punctuation">.</span>jwt<span class="token punctuation">.</span>interfaces<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">DecodedJWT</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token import"><span class="token namespace">org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>junit<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">Test</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token import"><span class="token namespace">java<span class="token punctuation">.</span>util<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">Calendar</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token import"><span class="token namespace">java<span class="token punctuation">.</span>util<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">HashMap</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token import"><span class="token namespace">java<span class="token punctuation">.</span>util<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">Map</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/**
* Unit test for simple App.
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">AppTest</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> token<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJ1c2VyTmFtZSI6IueuoeeQhuWRmCIsImV4cCI6MTY2NzQ0MzUzOCwidXNlcklkIjoiYWRtaW4ifQ.83pbDb22U4EgfKWNeVLQh6AU4mBSTsNBva0eJqE1_WU"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">AppTest</span> appTest <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">AppTest</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
appTest<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">testJWT</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
appTest<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">verifierToken</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Test</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">testJWT</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Calendar</span> calendar <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Calendar</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getInstance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
calendar<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Calendar</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token constant">SECOND</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">180</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">//header部分，使用map，自动转json</span>
<span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token generics"><span class="token punctuation"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Object</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> header <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">HashMap</span><span class="token generics"><span class="token punctuation"><</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">//加密算法，对称加密</span>
header<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">put</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"alg"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"HS256"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
header<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">put</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"typ"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"JWT"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">String</span> token <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">JWT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">create</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">withHeader</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>header<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">//载荷部分，自定义</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">withClaim</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"userId"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token string">"admin"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">withClaim</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"userName"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"管理员"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">//签名过期时间，180秒后过期</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">withExpiresAt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>calendar<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getTime</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">//签名加密算法</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Algorithm</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">HMAC256</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mima123456!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>token<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>token <span class="token operator">=</span> token<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Test</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">verifierToken</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">//获取校验对象</span>
<span class="token class-name">JWTVerifier</span> jwtVerifier <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">JWT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">require</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Algorithm</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">HMAC256</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mima123456!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">build</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">try</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">//校验token</span>
<span class="token class-name">DecodedJWT</span> decodedJWT<span class="token operator">=</span> jwtVerifier<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">verify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>token<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">//校验通过获取载荷部分</span>
<span class="token class-name">Claim</span> userId <span class="token operator">=</span> decodedJWT<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getClaim</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"userId"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Claim</span> userName <span class="token operator">=</span> decodedJWT<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getClaim</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"userName"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>userId<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">asString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>userName<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">asString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>decodedJWT<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getExpiresAt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">TokenExpiredException</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"token过期: "</span><span class="token operator">+</span> e<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">SignatureVerificationException</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"token非法: "</span><span class="token operator">+</span> e<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Exception</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br></div></div><h2 id="非对称加密"><a href="#非对称加密" class="header-anchor">#</a> 非对称加密</h2> <p>例如：rsa256算法</p> <div class="language-xml line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-xml"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>cn.hutool<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>groupId</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>hutool-all<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>artifactId</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>5.8.9<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>version</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>dependency</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><div class="language-java line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-java"><code><span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token function">getTokenRsa</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token generics"><span class="token punctuation"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Calendar</span> calendar <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Calendar</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getInstance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
calendar<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Calendar</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token constant">DATE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">7</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">JWTCreator<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Builder</span> builder <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">JWT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">create</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">forEach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>k<span class="token punctuation">,</span>v<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">-></span> builder<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">withClaim</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>k<span class="token punctuation">,</span>v<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">RSA</span> rsa <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">RSA</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">RSA_PRIVATE_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">null</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">RSAPrivateKey</span> privateKey<span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">RSAPrivateKey</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> rsa<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getPrivateKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">String</span> token <span class="token operator">=</span> builder<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">withExpiresAt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>calendar<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getTime</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Algorithm</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">RSA256</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">null</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>privateKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> token<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">decodeRsa</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span> token<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">RSA</span> rsa <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">RSA</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">null</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">RSA_PUBLIC_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">RSAPublicKey</span> publicKey<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">RSAPublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>rsa<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getPublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">JWTVerifier</span> jwtVerifier <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">JWT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">require</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Algorithm</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">RSA256</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token keyword">null</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">build</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">try</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">//校验token</span>
<span class="token class-name">DecodedJWT</span> decodedJWT<span class="token operator">=</span> jwtVerifier<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">verify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>token<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">//校验通过获取载荷部分</span>
<span class="token class-name">Claim</span> userId <span class="token operator">=</span> decodedJWT<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getClaim</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"userId"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Claim</span> userName <span class="token operator">=</span> decodedJWT<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getClaim</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"userName"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>userId<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">asString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>userName<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">asString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>decodedJWT<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getExpiresAt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">TokenExpiredException</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"token过期: "</span><span class="token operator">+</span> e<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">SignatureVerificationException</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"token非法: "</span><span class="token operator">+</span> e<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Exception</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div></div></section> <footer class="page-edit"><!----> <!----></footer> <!----> <div class="comments-wrapper"><!----></div></main></div> <!----></div> <ul class="sub-sidebar sub-sidebar-wrapper" style="width:12rem;" data-v-b57cc07c data-v-7dd95ae2><li class="level-2" data-v-b57cc07c><a href="/jwt.html#引言" class="sidebar-link reco-side-引言" data-v-b57cc07c>引言</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-b57cc07c><a href="/jwt.html#https" class="sidebar-link reco-side-https" data-v-b57cc07c>https</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-b57cc07c><a href="/jwt.html#cookie" class="sidebar-link reco-side-cookie" data-v-b57cc07c>cookie</a></li><li class="level-2" data-v-b57cc07c><a href="/jwt.html#简介" class="sidebar-link reco-side-简介" data-v-b57cc07c>简介</a></li><li class="level-2" data-v-b57cc07c><a href="/jwt.html#数据结构" class="sidebar-link reco-side-数据结构" data-v-b57cc07c>数据结构</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-b57cc07c><a href="/jwt.html#header" class="sidebar-link reco-side-header" data-v-b57cc07c>Header</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-b57cc07c><a href="/jwt.html#payload" class="sidebar-link reco-side-payload" data-v-b57cc07c>Payload</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-b57cc07c><a href="/jwt.html#signature" class="sidebar-link reco-side-signature" data-v-b57cc07c>signature</a></li><li class="level-2" data-v-b57cc07c><a href="/jwt.html#jwt的种类" class="sidebar-link reco-side-jwt的种类" data-v-b57cc07c>JWT的种类</a></li><li class="level-2" data-v-b57cc07c><a href="/jwt.html#代码" class="sidebar-link reco-side-代码" data-v-b57cc07c>代码</a></li><li class="level-3" data-v-b57cc07c><a href="/jwt.html#依赖" class="sidebar-link reco-side-依赖" 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