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memory.h
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1004 lines (810 loc) · 29.8 KB
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#pragma once
#ifndef MEMORY
#define MEMORY
#include "pch.h"
#include "log.h"
namespace memory
{
class handle
{
private:
void* pointer;
public:
handle()
{
this->pointer = nullptr;
}
handle(uint64_t pointer)
{
this->pointer = (void*)pointer;
}
handle(void* pointer)
{
this->pointer = pointer;
}
void* raw() const
{
return pointer;
}
template <typename T>
std::enable_if_t<std::is_pointer_v<T>, T> as()
{
return static_cast<T>(pointer);
}
template <typename T>
std::enable_if_t<std::is_lvalue_reference_v<T>, T> as()
{
return *static_cast<std::add_pointer_t<std::remove_reference_t<T>>>(pointer);
}
template <typename T>
std::enable_if_t<std::is_same_v<T, std::uintptr_t>, T> as()
{
return reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(pointer);
}
handle add(int32_t offset)
{
return handle(as<uint8_t*>() + offset);
}
handle sub(int32_t offset)
{
return handle(as<uint8_t*>() + offset);
}
handle rip()
{
return add(as<uint32_t&>()).add(4);
}
handle resolve_relative_call()
{
int32_t offset = add(1).as<int32_t&>();
auto nextInstruction = add(5);
return nextInstruction.add(offset);
}
};
// hacky way to find the start of a function if it is preceded by at least two int3's or an int3 and a ret
bool find_function_start(memory::handle instruction, memory::handle* result, size_t size = 1024)
{
if (result) *result = memory::handle();
uintptr_t baseVA = (uintptr_t)GetModuleHandleA(NULL);
uintptr_t va = instruction.as<uintptr_t>();
size_t ccSeq = 0;
while (va > baseVA) {
--va;
uint8_t b = *reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(va);
if (b == 0xCC && *reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(va - 1))
{
if (result) *result = memory::handle(va + 1);
return true;
}
if (b == 0xCC) {
if (++ccSeq >= 2) {
if (result) *result = va + ccSeq;
return true;
}
}
else {
ccSeq = 0;
}
}
return false;
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets the current module filename
/// </summary>
std::string getCurrentModuleFileName()
{
char buffer[256];
if (!GetModuleBaseNameA(GetCurrentProcess(), GetModuleHandle(0), buffer, 256))
return "?";
return std::string(buffer);
}
/// <summary>
/// Writes a patch in a memory location
/// </summary>
/// <param name="address"></param>
/// <param name="buffer"></param>
/// <param name="originalBuffer">If this is not null, it will copy the original bytes here</param>
/// <param name="flushInstructionCache"></param>
/// <returns>True if succeeded</returns>
bool patch(memory::handle address, uint8_t* buffer, size_t length, std::vector<uint8_t>* originalBuffer = nullptr, bool flushInstructionCache = true)
{
if (!address.raw())
{
err("Patch: Invalid Address");
return false;
}
if (!buffer)
{
err("Patch: Invalid Buffer");
return false;
}
auto ptr = address.as<uint8_t*>();
// Change the protection of the memory region to allow writing
DWORD dwOldProtection;
if (!VirtualProtect(ptr, length, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE, &dwOldProtection))
{
err("Patch: VirtualProtect Failed");
return false;
}
// If originalBuffer is not null, we copy the original bytes before overwriting them
if (originalBuffer)
originalBuffer->assign(ptr, ptr + length);
// Write the new bytes to memory
if (memcpy_s(ptr, length, buffer, length))
{
// If the memcpy failed then we restore the original memory protection and return false
VirtualProtect(ptr, length, dwOldProtection, &dwOldProtection);
err("Patch: memcpy_s Failed");
return false;
}
// Flush the instruction cache to make sure it's not executing old instructions
if (flushInstructionCache && !FlushInstructionCache(GetCurrentProcess(), address.raw(), length))
{
VirtualProtect(ptr, length, dwOldProtection, &dwOldProtection);
err("Patch: FlushInstructionCache Failed");
return false;
}
// Restore the original memory protection
VirtualProtect(ptr, length, dwOldProtection, &dwOldProtection);
return true;
}
/// <summary>
/// Writes a patch in a memory location
/// </summary>
/// <param name="address"></param>
/// <param name="buffer"></param>
/// <param name="originalBuffer">If this is not null, it will copy the original bytes here</param>
/// <param name="flushInstructionCache"></param>
/// <returns>True if succeeded</returns>
bool patch(memory::handle address, std::vector<uint8_t> buffer, std::vector<uint8_t>* originalBuffer = nullptr, bool flushInstructionCache = true)
{
if (buffer.empty())
{
err("Patch: Empty Buffer");
return false;
}
return patch(address, buffer.data(), buffer.size(), originalBuffer, flushInstructionCache);
}
namespace pattern
{
/// <summary>
/// Parses an IDA-style signature e.g "DE AD ? ? BE EF"
/// </summary>
/// <returns>A pair of vectors with the pattern and its mask</returns>
std::pair<std::vector<uint8_t>, std::vector<uint8_t>> parse_ida(const char* pattern)
{
std::vector<uint8_t> bytes;
std::vector<uint8_t> mask;
if (!pattern)
return { {},{} };
auto end = pattern + strlen(pattern);
for (char* i = (char*)pattern; i < end; i++)
{
if (*i == ' ')
continue;
if (*i == 0)
continue;
if (*i == '?')
{
i++;
if (i < end && *i == '?')
i++;
bytes.push_back(0);
mask.push_back(0);
}
else
{
bytes.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(strtoul(i, &i, 16)));
mask.push_back(1);
}
}
return { bytes, mask };
}
/// <summary>
/// Searches a module for the occurence of a byte pattern
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pattern">Pattern to search for</param>
/// <param name="result">A pointer to a memory handle to store the result in</param>
/// <param name="moduleName">The name of the module to search within, if null then it searches the main module</param>
/// <returns>True if pattern found</returns>
bool find(const char* pattern, memory::handle* result = nullptr, const char* moduleName = nullptr)
{
if (!pattern)
return false;
auto hModule = GetModuleHandleA(moduleName);
if (!hModule)
return false;
MODULEINFO modInfo;
if (!GetModuleInformation(GetCurrentProcess(), hModule, &modInfo, sizeof(MODULEINFO)))
return false;
auto start = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(modInfo.lpBaseOfDll);
auto end = start + modInfo.SizeOfImage;
auto parsed = parse_ida(pattern);
auto bytes = parsed.first;
auto mask = parsed.second;
uint8_t* closestMatch{};
size_t closestMatchCount{};
for (size_t i = 0; i < modInfo.SizeOfImage - bytes.size(); i++)
{
bool found = true;
size_t matchCount{};
for (size_t j = 0; j < bytes.size(); j++)
{
if (!mask[j])
continue;
if (*(start + i + j) != bytes[j])
{
found = false;
break;
}
matchCount++;
}
if (found)
{
if (result)
*result = memory::handle(start + i);
return true;
}
if (matchCount > closestMatchCount)
{
closestMatchCount = matchCount;
closestMatch = start + i;
}
}
if (closestMatch)
{
dbg("Failed to find pattern, closest match is 0x%p [%d/%d]", closestMatch, closestMatchCount, bytes.size());
}
return false;
}
/// <summary>
/// Searches a module for the occurence of a string
/// </summary>
/// <param name="string">String to search for</param>
/// <param name="result">A pointer to a memory handle to store the result in</param>
/// <param name="moduleName">The name of the module to search within, if null then it searches the main module</param>
/// <returns>True if string found</returns>
bool find_string(const char* string, memory::handle* result = nullptr, const char* moduleName = nullptr)
{
if (!string)
return false;
auto strLen = strlen(string);
auto hModule = GetModuleHandleA(moduleName);
if (!hModule)
return false;
MODULEINFO modInfo;
if (!GetModuleInformation(GetCurrentProcess(), hModule, &modInfo, sizeof(MODULEINFO)))
return false;
auto start = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(modInfo.lpBaseOfDll);
auto end = start + modInfo.SizeOfImage;
for (size_t i = 0; i < modInfo.SizeOfImage; i++)
{
bool found = true;
for (size_t j = 0; j < strLen; j++)
{
if (*(start + i + j) != string[j])
{
found = false;
break;
}
}
if (found)
{
if (result)
*result = memory::handle(start + i);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
bool find_string_reference(const std::string& string, memory::handle* result = nullptr) {
auto hMod = GetModuleHandleA(nullptr);
MODULEINFO mi{};
if (!GetModuleInformation(GetCurrentProcess(), hMod, &mi, sizeof(mi)))
return false;
auto base = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(hMod);
size_t imgSize = mi.SizeOfImage;
auto text = string.data();
size_t len = string.size();
for (size_t i = 0; i + len < imgSize; ++i) {
if (memcmp(base + i, text, len) != 0) continue;
uint8_t* strAddr = base + i;
dbg("StrRef Text \"%s\": Found at %p", string.c_str(), (void*)strAddr);
for (size_t j = 0; j + 7 < imgSize; ++j) {
uint8_t* insn = base + j;
if (insn[0] != 0x48 || insn[1] != 0x8D) // must be REX.W + LEA
continue;
uint8_t modrm = insn[2];
if ((modrm & 0xC7) != 0x05) // mask out reg bits; require mod=00, rm=101
continue;
int32_t disp = *reinterpret_cast<int32_t*>(insn + 3);
if (insn + 7 + disp == strAddr) {
if (result) *result = memory::handle(insn);
info("StrRef \"%s\": Found at %p", string.c_str(), (void*)insn);
return true;
}
}
// no break keep looking if this occurrence had no real ref
}
return false;
}
bool find_string(const wchar_t* string, memory::handle* result = nullptr, const wchar_t* moduleName = nullptr)
{
if (!string)
return false;
auto strLen = wcslen(string) * sizeof(wchar_t);
auto hModule = GetModuleHandleW(moduleName);
if (!hModule)
return false;
MODULEINFO modInfo;
if (!GetModuleInformation(GetCurrentProcess(), hModule, &modInfo, sizeof(MODULEINFO)))
return false;
auto start = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(modInfo.lpBaseOfDll);
auto end = start + modInfo.SizeOfImage;
for (size_t i = 0; i < modInfo.SizeOfImage; i++)
{
if (memcmp(start + i, string, strLen) == 0)
{
if (result)
*result = memory::handle(start + i);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
bool find_string_reference(const std::wstring& string, memory::handle* result = nullptr, const char* name = nullptr)
{
auto hMod = GetModuleHandleW(nullptr);
MODULEINFO mi{};
if (!GetModuleInformation(GetCurrentProcess(), hMod, &mi, sizeof(mi)))
return false;
auto base = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(hMod);
size_t imgSize = mi.SizeOfImage;
auto text = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(string.data());
size_t len = string.size() * sizeof(wchar_t);
for (size_t i = 0; i + len < imgSize; ++i)
{
if (memcmp(base + i, text, len) != 0) continue;
uint8_t* strAddr = base + i;
dbg("StrRef Text \"%s\": Found at %p", name, (void*)strAddr);
for (size_t j = 0; j + 7 < imgSize; ++j)
{
uint8_t* insn = base + j;
if (insn[0] != 0x48 || insn[1] != 0x8D) // must be REX.W + LEA
continue;
uint8_t modrm = insn[2];
if ((modrm & 0xC7) != 0x05) // mask out reg bits; require mod=00, rm=101
continue;
int32_t disp = *reinterpret_cast<int32_t*>(insn + 3);
if (insn + 7 + disp == strAddr)
{
if (result) *result = memory::handle(insn);
info("StrRef \"%s\": Found at %p", name, (void*)insn);
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
}
void* try_near_alloc(void* target, SIZE_T size) {
const SIZE_T granularity = 0x10000; // 64KB
uintptr_t base = (uintptr_t)target;
for (int64_t offset = 0; offset < 0x7FFF0000; offset += granularity) {
for (int sign = -1; sign <= 1; sign += 2) {
uintptr_t try_addr = base + sign * offset;
void* p = VirtualAlloc((void*)try_addr, size, MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE);
if (p) return p;
}
}
return nullptr;
}
struct PatternData
{
const char* pattern{};
const size_t offset{};
};
/// <summary>
/// Helper class to find patterns and apply patches on them
/// </summary>
class Patch
{
private:
const char* name;
memory::handle pointer;
std::vector<uint8_t> buffer;
std::vector<uint8_t> originalBuffer;
bool valid;
bool enabled;
public:
Patch(const char* name, std::vector<uint8_t> buffer, memory::handle handle)
{
this->name = name;
this->buffer = buffer;
this->pointer = handle;
this->valid = handle.raw();
}
Patch(const char* name, std::vector<uint8_t> buffer, std::vector<PatternData> patterns, std::function<bool(memory::handle&)> callback = nullptr, const char* moduleName = nullptr)
{
this->name = name;
this->buffer = buffer;
this->valid = false;
this->enabled = false;
if (patterns.empty())
{
err("No pattern supplied for \"%s\"!", name);
return;
}
for (auto& pattern : patterns)
{
dbg("Attempting to find pattern for %s", name);
if (pattern::find(pattern.pattern, &pointer, moduleName))
{
valid = true;
pointer = pointer.add(static_cast<int32_t>(pattern.offset));
break;
}
}
if (!valid)
{
err("Couldn't Find \"%s\"", name);
return;
}
if (callback && !callback(pointer))
{
valid = false;
err("Callback failed for \"%s\"", name);
return;
}
info("Found \"%s\" -> %s+%08X", name, moduleName ? moduleName : getCurrentModuleFileName().c_str(), pointer.as<uint8_t*>() - (uint8_t*)GetModuleHandle(0));
}
const bool is_valid() const
{
return valid;
}
const bool is_enabled() const
{
return enabled;
}
memory::handle ptr() const
{
return this->pointer;
}
bool enable(bool suppressLogging = false)
{
if (enabled || !valid || !memory::patch(pointer, buffer, &originalBuffer))
{
if (!suppressLogging)
err("Couldn't Patch \"%s\"", name);
return false;
}
if (!suppressLogging)
info("Patched \"%s\"", name);
enabled ^= true;
return true;
}
bool disable(bool suppressLogging = false)
{
if (!enabled || !valid || !memory::patch(pointer, originalBuffer))
{
if (!suppressLogging)
err("Couldn't Unpatch \"%s\"", name);
return false;
}
if (!suppressLogging)
info("Unpatched \"%s\"", name);
enabled ^= true;
return true;
}
bool set_buffer(const std::vector<uint8_t> buffer, bool suppressLogging = false)
{
this->buffer = buffer;
if (enabled)
{
if (!disable(true) || !enable(true))
{
if (!suppressLogging)
err("Couldn't update \"%s\" buffer", name);
return false;
}
return false;
}
if (!suppressLogging)
info("Updated \"%s\" buffer", name);
return true;
}
};
class StringRefPatch
{
private:
const char* name;
std::string text;
// pointer to the first byte of the lea instruction
memory::handle instruction;
// pointer to the allocated string buffer we want to redirect to
memory::handle alloc;
// pointer to the original string
memory::handle originalString;
bool valid;
bool enabled;
public:
StringRefPatch(const char* name, const char* originalString)
{
this->name = name;
if (!pattern::find_string(originalString, &this->originalString))
{
return;
}
if (!pattern::find_string_reference(originalString, &instruction))
{
return;
}
valid = true;
}
const bool is_valid() const
{
return valid;
}
const bool is_enabled() const
{
return enabled;
}
bool enable(bool suppressLogging = false)
{
if (!valid || enabled || text.empty() || !alloc.raw())
{
info("Couldn't enable \"%s\"", name);
return false;
}
// compute address of next instruction (RIP after the 7-byte LEA)
auto instrAddr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(instruction.raw());
auto nextInstr = instrAddr + 7;
// compute new 32-bit displacement to our allocated buffer
auto targetAddr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(alloc.raw());
int32_t newDisp = static_cast<int32_t>(targetAddr - nextInstr);
// make code page writable, patch the immediate, then restore protection
DWORD oldProt;
VirtualProtect(instruction.raw(), 7, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE, &oldProt);
instruction.add(3).as<int32_t&>() = newDisp;
VirtualProtect(instruction.raw(), 7, oldProt, &oldProt);
FlushInstructionCache(GetCurrentProcess(), instruction.raw(), 7);
if (!suppressLogging)
info("Enabled \"%s\"", name);
enabled = true;
return true;
}
bool disable(bool suppressLogging = false)
{
if (!valid || !enabled || text.empty() || !originalString.raw())
{
info("Couldn't disable \"%s\"", name);
return false;
}
// compute address of next instruction (RIP after the 7-byte LEA)
auto instrAddr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(instruction.raw());
auto nextInstr = instrAddr + 7;
// compute new 32-bit displacement to our allocated buffer
auto targetAddr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(originalString.raw());
int32_t newDisp = static_cast<int32_t>(targetAddr - nextInstr);
// make code page writable, patch the immediate, then restore protection
DWORD oldProt;
VirtualProtect(instruction.raw(), 7, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE, &oldProt);
instruction.add(3).as<int32_t&>() = newDisp;
VirtualProtect(instruction.raw(), 7, oldProt, &oldProt);
FlushInstructionCache(GetCurrentProcess(), instruction.raw(), 7);
if (!suppressLogging)
info("Disabled \"%s\"", name);
enabled = false;
return true;
}
bool set_text(const char* fmt, ...)
{
constexpr size_t BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
va_list args;
va_start(args, fmt);
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]{ 0 };
vsprintf_s(buffer, fmt, args);
va_end(args);
this->text = buffer;
bool wasEnabled = enabled;
if (enabled)
{
disable();
}
if (!alloc.raw())
{
alloc = memory::handle(try_near_alloc(instruction.as<void*>(), BUFFER_SIZE));
if (!alloc.raw())
{
err("Failed to allocate buffer for \"%s\"", name);
return false;
}
}
memcpy_s(alloc.raw(), BUFFER_SIZE, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
if (wasEnabled)
enable();
return true;
}
};
class UTF16StringRefPatch
{
private:
const char* name;
std::wstring text;
memory::handle instruction;
memory::handle alloc;
memory::handle originalString;
bool valid;
bool enabled;
public:
UTF16StringRefPatch(const char* name, const wchar_t* originalString)
{
this->name = name;
if (!pattern::find_string(originalString, &this->originalString))
{
return;
}
if (!pattern::find_string_reference(originalString, &instruction, name))
{
return;
}
valid = true;
}
const bool is_valid() const { return valid; }
const bool is_enabled() const { return enabled; }
bool enable(bool suppressLogging = false)
{
if (!valid || enabled || text.empty() || !alloc.raw())
{
info("Couldn't enable \"%s\"", name);
return false;
}
auto instrAddr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(instruction.raw());
auto nextInstr = instrAddr + 7;
auto targetAddr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(alloc.raw());
int32_t newDisp = static_cast<int32_t>(targetAddr - nextInstr);
DWORD oldProt;
VirtualProtect(instruction.raw(), 7, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE, &oldProt);
instruction.add(3).as<int32_t&>() = newDisp;
VirtualProtect(instruction.raw(), 7, oldProt, &oldProt);
FlushInstructionCache(GetCurrentProcess(), instruction.raw(), 7);
if (!suppressLogging)
info("Enabled \"%s\"", name);
enabled = true;
return true;
}
bool disable(bool suppressLogging = false)
{
if (!valid || !enabled || text.empty() || !originalString.raw())
{
info("Couldn't disable \"%s\"", name);
return false;
}
auto instrAddr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(instruction.raw());
auto nextInstr = instrAddr + 7;
auto targetAddr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(originalString.raw());
int32_t newDisp = static_cast<int32_t>(targetAddr - nextInstr);
DWORD oldProt;
VirtualProtect(instruction.raw(), 7, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE, &oldProt);
instruction.add(3).as<int32_t&>() = newDisp;
VirtualProtect(instruction.raw(), 7, oldProt, &oldProt);
FlushInstructionCache(GetCurrentProcess(), instruction.raw(), 7);
if (!suppressLogging)
info("Disabled \"%s\"", name);
enabled = false;
return true;
}
bool set_text(const wchar_t* fmt, ...)
{
constexpr size_t BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
va_list args;
va_start(args, fmt);
wchar_t buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]{ 0 };
vswprintf_s(buffer, fmt, args);
va_end(args);
text = buffer;
bool wasEnabled = enabled;
if (enabled)
{
disable();
}
if (!alloc.raw())
{
alloc = memory::handle(try_near_alloc(instruction.as<void*>(), BUFFER_SIZE * sizeof(wchar_t)));
if (!alloc.raw())
{
//err(L"Failed to allocate buffer for \"%s\"", name);
return false;
}
}
memcpy_s(alloc.raw(), BUFFER_SIZE * sizeof(wchar_t), buffer, BUFFER_SIZE * sizeof(wchar_t));
if (wasEnabled)
enable();
return true;
}
};
/// <summary>
/// Helper class to find strings and replace them
/// </summary>
class StringPatch
{
private:
const char* name;
memory::handle pointer;
std::string text;
std::vector<uint8_t> originalBuffer;
bool valid;
bool enabled;
public:
StringPatch(const char* name, const char* text, const char* find, const char* moduleName = nullptr)
{
this->name = name;
this->text = text;
if (!pattern::find_string(find, &pointer, moduleName))
{
err("Couldn't Find \"%s\"", name);
return;
}
info("Found \"%s\" -> %s+%08X", name, moduleName ? moduleName : getCurrentModuleFileName().c_str(), pointer.as<uint8_t*>() - (uint8_t*)GetModuleHandle(0));
valid = true;
}
const bool is_valid() const
{
return valid;
}
const bool is_enabled() const
{
return enabled;
}
memory::handle ptr() const
{
return this->pointer;
}
bool enable(bool suppressLogging = false)
{
if (enabled || !valid || !memory::patch(pointer, (uint8_t*)text.c_str(), text.length() + 1, &originalBuffer, false))
{
if (!suppressLogging)
err("Couldn't Patch \"%s\"", name);
return false;
}
if (!suppressLogging)
info("Patched \"%s\"", name);
enabled ^= true;
return true;
}
bool disable(bool suppressLogging = false)
{
if (!enabled || !valid || !memory::patch(pointer, (uint8_t*)originalBuffer.data(), originalBuffer.size()))
{
if (!suppressLogging)
err("Couldn't Unpatch \"%s\"", name);
return false;
}
if (!suppressLogging)
info("Unpatched \"%s\"", name);
enabled ^= true;
return true;
}
bool set_text(const char* fmt, ...)
{
va_list args;
va_start(args, fmt);
char buffer[512];
vsprintf_s(buffer, fmt, args);
va_end(args);
this->text = buffer;
if (enabled)
{
if (!disable(true) || !enable(true))
{
err("Couldn't update \"%s\" text", name);
return false;
}
return false;
}
info("Updated \"%s\" => \"%s\"", name, text.c_str());
return true;
}