Implement DTO Pattern for Posts, Comments and Users

[armanist]

Description

Introduce DTOs for type-safe data transfer between controllers and services.

Scope

• Posts: PostDTO
• Comments: CommentDTO
• Users: UserDTO

Structure

Modules/Api/DTOs/
├── PostDTO.php
├── UserDTO.php
└── CommentDTO.php

DTO Example:

namespace Modules\Api\DTOs;

class PostDTO
{
    public function __construct(
        public string $userUuid,
        public string $title,
        public string $content,
        public string $image = '',
    ) {}
}

Controller (Create):

$dto = new PostDTO(
    userUuid: auth()->user()->uuid,
    title: $validated['title'],
    content: $validated['content'],
    image: $imageName
);

$post = $this->postService->addPost($dto);

Service (Create):

public function addPost(PostDTO $dto): Post
{
    $post = $this->model->create();
    $post->fillObjectProps([
        'uuid' => uuid_ordered(),
        'user_uuid' => $dto->userUuid,
        'title' => $dto->title,
        'content' => $dto->content,
        'image' => $dto->image,
        'created_at' => date('Y-m-d H:i:s'),
    ]);
    $post->save();
    return $this->getPost($post->uuid);
}

Acceptance Criteria

• DTOs created and used in controllers/services
• Validation still happens before DTO instantiation
• All tests pass
• No breaking changes to API responses