Add verbose modes. Add 1.11 support back. Various fixes. Add color

[IanButterworth]

This became a bit of a Claude take the wheel and fix everything...

Closes #41

---

Add verbose modes (and broader Julia compatibility)

Adds opt-in verbose output to info_cachefile for inspecting pkgimage
contents in detail, refreshes compatibility with current Julia versions
(1.11–nightly), and cleans up the surrounding code.

Written with the assistance of generative AI (GitHub Copilot, Claude
Opus 4.7).

New verbose keyword on info_cachefile

info_cachefile(pkg; verbose=:none) now controls how much detail is
printed when a PkgCacheInfo is shown:

value	output
:none	summary counts only (current default; unchanged behavior)
:internal	also list internal methods grouped by function, with their specializations
:external	also list methods this package adds to functions defined elsewhere, plus any new external specializations
:all	union of :internal and :external

Method, specialization, and external-method lists are sorted for stable
output. External entries are filtered to those whose defining module is
not part of the package being inspected, so the section actually shows
extension of upstream functions rather than re-listing the package's
own methods.

Internal-method counting is reworked to walk Core.methodtable (renamed
from Core.GlobalMethods in 1.12) with a fallback to
info.internal_methods for older versions where the API isn't public.

Verbose rendering is colorized: headers, counts, module names, and the
function-name groupings are printed via printstyled so the output
highlights structure in color-capable terminals while remaining a no-op
under sprint and other colorless IOs. Method objects are rendered
through their own color-aware show (preserving source-location
highlighting), and the caller's IOContext is propagated through
Base.show_tuple_as_call so specialization signatures pick up color
too.

Julia 1.11 / 1.12 / 1.13 / nightly compatibility

The cache-file plumbing has shifted shape across recent Julia versions;
this PR teaches the inspector to handle each:

• 1.11 (8-element restored sv: (modules, init_order, extext_methods, new_ext_cis, method_roots_list, ext_targets, edges, cachesizes)), 1.12/1.13, and master layouts are all unpacked
  by a single _unpack_restored_sv helper.
• parse_cache_header's return tuple grew a syntax_version element on
  master and replaced prefs/prefs_hash with prefs_blob, shifting
  clone_targets from index 7 to index 6. The PR locates
  clone_targets by type (Vector{UInt8}) so the code works on 1.12,
  1.13, and nightly without version branching.
• Core.GlobalMethods / Core.methodtable access is guarded so 1.11
  (which exposes neither publicly) falls through to
  info.internal_methods instead of erroring at top level.
• ocachefile_from_cachefile is only consulted when clone_targets is
  non-empty, matching upstream behavior when no pkgimage .dylib is
  associated with a .ji.
• Package lookup in info_cachefile(pkg::PkgId, …) uses
  Base.locate_package_load_spec when available so the cache's
  recorded syntax version is honored. This fixes spurious "all cache
  files are stale" errors on Julia 1.13+ when the active manifest was
  resolved with a different Julia version than the running one.

CI matrix expanded to '1.11', '1.12', '1.13-nightly', 'nightly'.
Project.toml is now a workspace with test/ and docs/ members
(adds test/Project.toml), and the julia compat is lowered to
"1.11".

Repeat-call safety

Loading the same pkgimage twice in one session via
jl_restore_package_image_from_file / jl_restore_incremental
corrupts the runtime and segfaults. info_cachefile now caches results
in a module-local _INFO_CACHE keyed by the realpath of the cache
file; on a repeat call it emits a warning and returns the prior
PkgCacheInfo (re-wrapped with the freshly requested verbose
setting) instead of re-invoking the loader. The fast-path runs before
any cache-file open, CRC check, or _tryrequire_from_serialized call.

Code-quality cleanup

Folded into the same PR while the file was open:

• Tighter types. PkgCacheInfo fields move from Vector{Any} to
  concrete element types (Vector{Method} for external_methods and
  internal_methods, Vector{Core.CodeInstance} for
  internal_method_specializations and new_specializations). The
  fields were already populated with those concrete types; the loose
  typing only cost inference quality.
• Kwarg consistency. Every public info_cachefile entry point now
  accepts verbose as a keyword argument, matching the docstring.
• Defensive helpers. count_module_specializations and the verbose
  renderers gracefully skip non-Method-backed CodeInstances.
• Real errors. return ArgumentError(...) on the invalid-header /
  bad-CRC paths is now throw(ArgumentError(...)) so callers actually
  see a failure.
• Dedupe by Method, not binding name. show_verbose_internal_methods
  used to iterate names(mod; all=true) and call methods(obj) per
  binding, so gensym aliases (e.g. var"#15#val" aliasing
  normalize_hue) duplicated whole sections. It now collects into a
  Method-keyed set first and groups under the true function-owner
  symbol, so each Method is listed exactly once.
• Dead-code / docs / typos. Drops the unused assert_havelock
  import, the stub moduleof(::Module) method, redundant
  isa(_, Core.CodeInstance) chains, and a double blank line. Fixes
  auxillary → auxiliary and !!! warn → !!! warning so the
  Documenter admonition renders. Sets checkdocs=:exports so internal
  helpers don't break the docs build.
• Renames. Internal helpers _n / _mod / _hdr → _count /
  _modname / _header for self-documenting call sites. The test-only
  zero-arg PkgCacheSizes() and two-arg
  PkgCacheInfo(cachefile, modules) constructors moved out of the
  source module into test/runtests.jl as empty_cachesizes() /
  empty_info(...). Pkg.precompile() in the test runner is scoped
  to "Colors" (the only inspected package).
• .gitignore. Excludes per-version root Manifests and
  test/Manifest.toml.

Test plan

Pkg.test() passes on Julia 1.11, 1.12, 1.13.0-rc1, and
1.14.0-DEV (9/9 tests on every version). Verbose rendering was
spot-checked against the Pkg, REPL, Dates, and Colors pkgimages on
1.14.0-DEV.

Commits

1. Add verbose modes and Julia 1.12/1.13/nightly compatibility
2. Support Julia 1.11
3. show_verbose_internal_methods: dedupe by Method, not binding name
4. show: colorize output and use color-aware Method rendering
5. info_cachefile: cache result to avoid double-load segfault
6. cleanup: tighten types, kwarg-ify verbose, defensive helpers
7. cleanup: prune dead code, tighten cache fast-path, fix typos
8. cleanup: rename color helpers, move test-only ctors, scope precompile

[timholy]

Do you think this might be better as a filter rather than a printer? It seems you can do more if you pass back the subset of methods rather than just printing them.

[IanButterworth]

I think there's uses for both. With "verbose" stuff it's kind of useful to just dump things into a text file etc.

[IanButterworth]

@timholy I brought back 1.11 support because of #41 and because Claude makes it easier to maintain this kind of thing.