nginx.conf

# Optimize worker processes based on CPU cores
worker_processes auto;
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
    use epoll;
    multi_accept on;
}

http {
    # MIME type handling
    include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;

    # Logging
    log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                    '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                    '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

    # Basic optimizations
    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    tcp_nodelay on;
    keepalive_timeout 65;
    keepalive_requests 100;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;
    server_tokens off;

    # Buffer sizes
    client_body_buffer_size 128k;
    client_max_body_size 10m;
    client_header_buffer_size 1k;
    large_client_header_buffers 4 4k;
    output_buffers 1 32k;
    postpone_output 1460;

    # Brotli compression (superior to gzip, 15-25% better compression)
    # Note: Requires nginx-module-brotli to be installed
    brotli on;
    brotli_comp_level 6;
    brotli_min_length 1024;
    brotli_types
        application/atom+xml
        application/geo+json
        application/javascript
        application/x-javascript
        application/json
        application/ld+json
        application/manifest+json
        application/rdf+xml
        application/rss+xml
        application/xhtml+xml
        application/xml
        font/eot
        font/otf
        font/ttf
        image/svg+xml
        text/css
        text/javascript
        text/plain
        text/xml
        text/html;

    # Gzip compression (fallback for browsers that don't support Brotli)
    gzip on;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_min_length 1024;
    gzip_proxied any;
    gzip_comp_level 6;
    gzip_types
        application/atom+xml
        application/geo+json
        application/javascript
        application/x-javascript
        application/json
        application/ld+json
        application/manifest+json
        application/rdf+xml
        application/rss+xml
        application/xhtml+xml
        application/xml
        font/eot
        font/otf
        font/ttf
        image/svg+xml
        text/css
        text/javascript
        text/plain
        text/xml;

    # Proxy settings for better performance
    proxy_buffering on;
    proxy_buffer_size 128k;
    proxy_buffers 4 256k;
    proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;
    proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k;
    proxy_connect_timeout 30s;
    proxy_send_timeout 30s;
    proxy_read_timeout 30s;

    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name _;

        # Security headers
        add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
        add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer-when-downgrade" always;
        add_header Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self' http: https: data: blob: 'unsafe-inline'" always;

        # Serve static files directly from nginx
        location ~* \.(css|js|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|svg|woff|woff2|ttf|eot)$ {
            proxy_pass http://frontend;
            expires 1y;
            add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
            add_header Vary Accept-Encoding;
            access_log off;
        }

        # Serve robots.txt directly
        location = /robots.txt {
            proxy_pass http://frontend;
            expires 1d;
            add_header Cache-Control "public";
            access_log off;
        }

        # API routes with optimized proxy settings and Brotli compression
        location /api/ {
            proxy_pass http://backend:8000/;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
            proxy_set_header Connection "";
            proxy_http_version 1.1;
            
            # Enable compression for API responses (inherited from http block)
            # This ensures JSON/XML API responses are compressed with Brotli/gzip
            proxy_set_header Accept-Encoding "br, gzip, deflate";
            
            # No caching for API responses (but allow compression)
            add_header Cache-Control "no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate";
            add_header Pragma "no-cache";
            add_header Expires "0";
            add_header Vary "Accept-Encoding";
        }

        # Frontend routes
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://frontend;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
            proxy_set_header Connection "";
            proxy_http_version 1.1;

            # Cache HTML files for short time
            location ~* \.(html)$ {
                proxy_pass http://frontend;
                expires 1h;
                add_header Cache-Control "public, must-revalidate";
            }
        }

        # Error pages
        error_page 404 /;
        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
    }
}