diff --git a/packages/next/src/next-devtools/dev-overlay/segment-explorer-trie.test.tsx b/packages/next/src/next-devtools/dev-overlay/segment-explorer-trie.test.tsx
index 8b05181b2f02..8845f3b82d69 100644
--- a/packages/next/src/next-devtools/dev-overlay/segment-explorer-trie.test.tsx
+++ b/packages/next/src/next-devtools/dev-overlay/segment-explorer-trie.test.tsx
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ const createSegmentNode = ({
 }
 
 describe('Segment Explorer', () => {
+  let act: typeof import('@testing-library/react').act
   let cleanup: typeof import('@testing-library/react').cleanup
   let renderHook: typeof import('@testing-library/react').renderHook
   let useSegmentTree: typeof SegmentExplorer.useSegmentTree
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ describe('Segment Explorer', () => {
     const rtl = require('@testing-library/react/pure')
     renderHook = rtl.renderHook
     cleanup = rtl.cleanup
+    act = rtl.act
   })
 
   afterEach(() => {
@@ -154,9 +156,11 @@ describe('Segment Explorer', () => {
       value: undefined,
     })
 
-    removeSegmentNode(
-      createSegmentNode({ pagePath: '/constructor/page.js', type: 'page' })
-    )
+    act(() => {
+      removeSegmentNode(
+        createSegmentNode({ pagePath: '/constructor/page.js', type: 'page' })
+      )
+    })
 
     expect(result.current).toEqual({
       children: {
@@ -274,9 +278,11 @@ describe('Segment Explorer', () => {
       value: undefined,
     })
 
-    removeSegmentNode(
-      createSegmentNode({ pagePath: '/a/b/layout.js', type: 'layout' })
-    )
+    act(() => {
+      removeSegmentNode(
+        createSegmentNode({ pagePath: '/a/b/layout.js', type: 'layout' })
+      )
+    })
 
     expect(result.current).toEqual({
       children: {
@@ -340,4 +346,38 @@ describe('Segment Explorer', () => {
       value: undefined,
     })
   })
+
+  test('gives changed nodes a new identity so consumers can memoize on them', () => {
+    insertSegmentNode(
+      createSegmentNode({ pagePath: '/a/layout.js', type: 'layout' })
+    )
+
+    const { result } = renderHook(useSegmentTree)
+
+    // `pagePath` splits on '/', so the leading slash produces an empty segment.
+    const rootBefore = result.current
+    const aBefore = rootBefore.children['']!.children['a']!
+
+    act(() => {
+      insertSegmentNode(
+        createSegmentNode({ pagePath: '/a/page.js', type: 'page' })
+      )
+    })
+
+    const rootAfter = result.current
+    const aAfter = rootAfter.children['']!.children['a']!
+
+    // Consumers memoize on `node.children`, so every node along the mutated
+    // path must be a fresh object. Reusing them would leave newly inserted
+    // segments invisible until the consumer remounted.
+    expect(rootAfter).not.toBe(rootBefore)
+    expect(rootAfter.children).not.toBe(rootBefore.children)
+    expect(aAfter).not.toBe(aBefore)
+    expect(aAfter.children).not.toBe(aBefore.children)
+    expect(Object.keys(aAfter.children)).toEqual(['layout.js', 'page.js'])
+
+    // Untouched subtrees stay shared, and the previous snapshot is not mutated.
+    expect(Object.keys(aBefore.children)).toEqual(['layout.js'])
+    expect(aAfter.children['layout.js']).toBe(aBefore.children['layout.js'])
+  })
 })
diff --git a/packages/next/src/next-devtools/dev-overlay/segment-explorer-trie.ts b/packages/next/src/next-devtools/dev-overlay/segment-explorer-trie.ts
index 99938333027e..ad1918362250 100644
--- a/packages/next/src/next-devtools/dev-overlay/segment-explorer-trie.ts
+++ b/packages/next/src/next-devtools/dev-overlay/segment-explorer-trie.ts
@@ -75,55 +75,81 @@ function createTrie<Value = string>({
     }
   }
 
-  function insert(value: Value) {
-    let currentNode = root
-    const segments = getCharacters(value)
+  function copyChildren(children: TrieNode<Value>['children']) {
+    return Object.assign(Object.create(null), children)
+  }
 
+  // Snapshots must be immutable for `useSyncExternalStore` consumers, so
+  // updates copy the nodes along the mutated path instead of mutating them
+  // in place. Untouched subtrees stay shared.
+  function copyPath(segments: string[]): TrieNode<Value>[] {
+    const newRoot: TrieNode<Value> = {
+      value: root.value,
+      children: copyChildren(root.children),
+    }
+
+    const path: TrieNode<Value>[] = [newRoot]
+    let currentNode = newRoot
     for (const segment of segments) {
-      if (!currentNode.children[segment]) {
-        currentNode.children[segment] = {
-          value: undefined,
-          // Skip value for intermediate nodes
-          children: Object.create(null),
-        }
+      const existingNode = currentNode.children[segment]
+      const copiedNode: TrieNode<Value> = {
+        value: existingNode?.value,
+        children: existingNode
+          ? copyChildren(existingNode.children)
+          : Object.create(null),
       }
-      currentNode = currentNode.children[segment]
+      currentNode.children[segment] = copiedNode
+      currentNode = copiedNode
+      path.push(copiedNode)
     }
 
-    currentNode.value = value
+    return path
+  }
 
-    root = { ...root }
+  function insert(value: Value) {
+    const segments = getCharacters(value)
+    const path = copyPath(segments)
+
+    path[path.length - 1].value = value
+
+    root = path[0]
     markUpdated()
   }
 
   function remove(value: Value) {
-    let currentNode = root
     const segments = getCharacters(value)
 
-    const stack: TrieNode<Value>[] = []
-    let found = true
+    // Locate the node first, so a miss doesn't copy or notify.
+    let currentNode = root
     for (const segment of segments) {
-      if (!currentNode.children[segment]) {
-        found = false
-        break
+      const childNode = currentNode.children[segment]
+      if (!childNode) {
+        return
       }
-      stack.push(currentNode)
-      currentNode = currentNode.children[segment]!
+      currentNode = childNode
     }
     // If the value is not found, skip removal
-    if (!found || !compare(currentNode.value, value)) {
+    if (!compare(currentNode.value, value)) {
       return
     }
-    currentNode.value = undefined
-    for (let i = stack.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-      const parentNode = stack[i]
+
+    const path = copyPath(segments)
+    path[path.length - 1].value = undefined
+
+    // Prune nodes that no longer hold a value or any children.
+    for (let i = segments.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      const parentNode = path[i]
       const segment = segments[i]
-      if (Object.keys(parentNode.children[segment]!.children).length === 0) {
+      const childNode = parentNode.children[segment]!
+      if (
+        childNode.value === undefined &&
+        Object.keys(childNode.children).length === 0
+      ) {
         delete parentNode.children[segment]
       }
     }
 
-    root = { ...root }
+    root = path[0]
     markUpdated()
   }