Create data_types.py

Author: woliul

day_03_DataTypes/data_types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+# Day 3: Data Types in Detail & Checking Types
+
+# Understanding data types is crucial because different operations
+# can be performed on different types of data.
+# Python is dynamically typed, meaning it automatically assigns the type,
+# but knowing the type helps prevent errors and write correct logic.
+
+# 1. Integers (int): Whole numbers, positive or negative, without decimals.
+product_count = 100
+customer_id = 12345
+year = 2025
+print(f"Product Count: {product_count}, Type: {type(product_count)}")
+print(f"Customer ID: {customer_id}, Type: {type(customer_id)}")
+
+# 2. Floats (float): Numbers with a decimal point, positive or negative.
+temperature = 25.5
+exchange_rate = 110.75
+pi_value = 3.14159
+print(f"Temperature: {temperature}, Type: {type(temperature)}")
+print(f"Exchange Rate: {exchange_rate}, Type: {type(exchange_rate)}")
+
+# 3. Strings (str): Sequences of characters (text). Enclosed in single or double quotes.
+user_name = "Alice Smith"
+greeting = 'Hello, world!'
+address = "123 Python St."
+print(f"User Name: {user_name}, Type: {type(user_name)}")
+print(f"Greeting: {greeting}, Type: {type(greeting)}")
+
+# 4. Booleans (bool): Represents truth values - True or False.
+#    Used for conditional logic.
+is_admin = True
+has_discount = False
+is_logged_in = True
+print(f"Is Admin: {is_admin}, Type: {type(is_admin)}")
+print(f"Has Discount: {has_discount}, Type: {type(has_discount)}")
+
+# Why knowing types matters:
+# Try adding a number and a string directly - it will cause an error!
+# current_year = 2025
+# message = "The year is " + current_year # This would cause a TypeError
+# print(message)
+
+# You often need to convert types (Type Casting)
+current_year = 2025
+message = "The year is " + str(current_year) # Convert int to string for concatenation
+print(message)
+
+# Converting string to integer or float for calculations
+str_number_int = "123"
+str_number_float = "45.67"
+int_value = int(str_number_int)
+float_value = float(str_number_float)
+print(f"Converted Integer: {int_value}, Type: {type(int_value)}")
+print(f"Converted Float: {float_value}, Type: {type(float_value)}")