diff --git a/tdx2db/reader.py b/tdx2db/reader.py
index ecfdc1e..56e597f 100644
--- a/tdx2db/reader.py
+++ b/tdx2db/reader.py
@@ -62,11 +62,18 @@ def _load_real_names(self) -> dict:
             dict: 6位纯数字 code -> 股票名
         """
         f = self.tdx_path / 'T0002' / 'hq_cache' / 'infoharbor_ex.code'
-        if not f.exists():
-            logger.warning(f"缺少 {f}，stock_info.name 回退为占位符（深A/上A + code）")
+        try:
+            if not f.exists():
+                logger.warning(f"缺少 {f}，stock_info.name 回退为占位符（深A/上A + code）")
+                return {}
+            text = f.read_text(encoding='gbk', errors='replace')
+        except OSError as e:
+            # 文件存在但不可读（SMB 挂载下被运行中的通达信锁定等场景，
+            # 表现为 EPERM）——名称是可选增强，不应中断 daily/minutes 同步
+            logger.warning(f"读取 {f} 失败（{e}），stock_info.name 回退为占位符")
             return {}
         names = {}
-        for line in f.read_text(encoding='gbk', errors='replace').splitlines():
+        for line in text.splitlines():
             p = line.strip().split('|')
             if len(p) >= 2 and p[0] and p[1]:
                 names[p[0]] = p[1]
diff --git a/tests/test_reader.py b/tests/test_reader.py
index bfa76ae..9f55448 100644
--- a/tests/test_reader.py
+++ b/tests/test_reader.py
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
 import shutil
 from pathlib import Path
 
+import os
+
 import pytest
 
 from tdx2db.reader import TdxDataReader
@@ -155,3 +157,24 @@ def test_fivemin_records(self, tdx_reader):
         assert first['volume'] == 200000          # lc5 无系数换算
         assert first['code'] == '000001'
         assert first['market'] == 0
+
+
+class TestStockListNamesUnreadable:
+    @pytest.mark.skipif(os.name == 'nt', reason='chmod 权限位在 Windows 无效')
+    def test_fallback_placeholder_when_file_unreadable(self, tmp_path):
+        """名称文件存在但不可读（SMB 锁定 EPERM 等）回退占位符，不中断同步"""
+        import shutil as _shutil
+        d = tmp_path / 'vipdoc' / 'sz' / 'lday'
+        d.mkdir(parents=True)
+        _shutil.copy(FIXTURES / 'sz000001.day', d / 'sz000001.day')
+        hq = tmp_path / 'T0002' / 'hq_cache'
+        hq.mkdir(parents=True)
+        f = hq / 'infoharbor_ex.code'
+        f.write_bytes('000001|平安银行|x\n'.encode('gbk'))
+        f.chmod(0o000)
+        try:
+            df = TdxDataReader(tdx_path=str(tmp_path)).get_stock_list()
+        finally:
+            f.chmod(0o644)
+        names = dict(zip(df.code, df.name))
+        assert names['sz000001'] == '深Asz000001'