memory_game.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <random>
#include <limits>
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::string;
using std::vector;
const string Str="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
class Board { 
private:
    vector<vector<char>> Grid;
    vector<vector<char>> Ans;
    int Row;
    int Col;
    int GameOver;
    int Run;//Steps
    string Name;//Used char
public:
    Board() {}
    Board(int choice)//Mode 1/2/3
    {
        switch (choice) {
        case 1: Row=Col=2;
            break;
        case 2: Row=Col=4;
            break;
        case 3: Row=Col=6;
            break;
        }
        for(int i=0;i<Row;++i)
        {
            vector<char> temp;
            for(int j=0;j<Col;++j)
            {
                temp.push_back(' ');
            }
            Grid.push_back(temp);
        }
    }
    Board(int row,int col)//Mode 4
    {
        Row=row;Col=col;
        for(int i=0;i<Row;++i){
            vector<char> temp;
            for(int j=0;j<Col;++j)
            {
                temp.push_back(' ');
            }
            Grid.push_back(temp);
        }
    }
    void Show()//Show the board
    {
        for(int i=0;i<Row;++i){
            for(int j=0;j<Col;++j){
                cout<<Grid[i][j]<<"|";
            }
            cout<<endl;
        }
    }
    void Menu()//Choose the difficulty
    {
        cout << "Welcome to the Memory Challenge! Please choose your difficulty:" << endl;
        cout << "1 -> Beginner(2x2)" << endl;
        cout << "2 -> Easy(4x4)" << endl;
        cout << "3 -> Hard(6x6)" << endl;
        cout << "4 -> DIY the size" << endl;
    }
    void Play(Board& board)//Play the game
    {
        while(GameOver)
        {
            int index=-1;
            int temp=-1;
            bool flag=false;//Note if card is already opened
            while(1)
            {
                board.Show();
                cout<<"Enter the index of card(index start from 1~"<<Row*Col<<")"<<endl;
                cout<<"Too hard?Enter 0 to see the answer"<<endl;
                if((cin>>index)&&((index>0&&index<=Row*Col&&Grid[(index-1)/Col][(index-1)%Col]==' ')||(index==0)))
                {
                    if(index==0)
                    {
                        for(int i=0;i<Row;++i){
                            for(int j=0;j<Col;++j){
                                cout<<Ans[i][j]<<"|";
                            }
                            cout<<endl;
                        }
                        system("pause"); system("cls");
                        continue;
                    }
                    index--;Run++;
                    if(flag==false)//Open one card
                    {
                        Grid[index/Col][index%Col]=Ans[index/Col][index%Col];
                        temp=index;
                        flag=true;
                        system("cls");
                    }else{//Open another card
                        Grid[index/Col][index%Col]=Ans[index/Col][index%Col];
                        system("cls");
                        board.Show();
                        if(Grid[temp/Col][temp%Col]==Grid[index/Col][index%Col])
                        {
                            GameOver--;//Match
                        }else{
                            Grid[temp/Col][temp%Col]=Grid[index/Col][index%Col]=' ';
                        }
                        flag=false;
                        system("pause");system("cls");
                        break;
                    }
                }else{
                    cin.clear();cin.ignore(std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max(), '\n');
                    cout<<"Invalid input!Try again."<<endl;
                    system("pause");system("cls");
                    continue;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    void InitSet()//Set the board
    {
        Name=Str.substr(0,Row*Col/2);
        Run=0;
        GameOver=Row*Col/2;
        Ans=Grid;
        RandomSet();
    }
    void RandomSet()//Set the answer
    { 
        vector<char> temp;
        for(int i=0;i<Col*Row/2;++i)
        {
            temp.push_back(Name[i]);
            temp.push_back(Name[i]);
        }
        std::random_device rd;
         std::mt19937 gen(rd());
        std::shuffle(temp.begin(),temp.end(),gen);
        for(int i=0;i<Row;++i){
            for(int j=0;j<Col;++j){
                Ans[i][j]=temp[i*Col+j];
            }
        }
    }
    void ShowResult()//Show the result
    {
        cout<<"Congratulations!You have finished the game!"<<endl;
        cout<<"Your score is "<<Row*Col*(int)(100.0*(double)(Row*Col)/Run)<<" and you used "<<Run<<" steps."<<endl;
    }
};
int main()
{
    char choice;
    bool Init=false;
    Board board;
    start:
    board.Menu();
    while(!Init&&cin>>choice)
    {
        cin.clear();cin.ignore(std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max(), '\n');
        switch (choice)
        {
        case '1':
            board=Board(1);cout<<"Board has been created!"<<endl;Init=true;
            break;
        case '2':
            board=Board(2);cout<<"Board has been created!"<<endl;Init=true;
            break;
        case '3':
            board=Board(3);cout<<"Board has been created!"<<endl;Init=true;
            break;
        case '4':
            cout<<"Input the row and column for the board"<<endl;
            int R,C;
            while(cin>>R&&cin>>C)
            {
                if(R>0&&C>0&&R*C%2==0&&C*R<=124)
                {
                    board=Board(R,C);
                    cout<<"Board has been created!"<<endl;Init=true;
                    break;
                }else{
                    cout<<"Board failed!Try to input again"<<endl;
                    cin.clear();cin.ignore(std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max(), '\n');
                }
            }
            break;
        default:
            cout<<"Board failed!Try to input again"<<endl;
            system("pause");system("cls");
            board.Menu();
        }
    }
    cin.clear();cin.ignore(std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max(), '\n');
    if(Init)
    {
        board.InitSet();
        system("cls");
        board.Play(board);
    }
    if(!Init){
        cout<<"Fail to start,want to try again?(Enter 'Y')"<<endl;
    }else{
        board.ShowResult();
        cout<<"Want to play again?(Enter 'Y')"<<endl;
    }
    string finish;
    cin>>finish;
    if(finish=="y"||finish=="Y"||finish=="yes"||finish=="Yes")
    {
        system("cls");Init=false;
        goto start;
    }else{
        cout<<"Done!Enter to quit."<<endl;
    }
    return 0;
}