Add test of tar workflows

[forsyth2]

Summary

Objectives:

• Add tests of workflows considered in Can `zstash` transfer tars without extracting? #417.
• These tests double as reminders about expected behavior in certain circumstances.

Issue resolution:

• Closes Can `zstash` transfer tars without extracting? #417 (discussion)

Select one: This pull request is...

• a bug fix: increment the patch version
• a small improvement: increment the minor version
• a new feature: increment the minor version
• an incompatible (non-backwards compatible) API change: increment the major version

Small Change

• To merge, I will use "Squash and merge". That is, this change should be a single commit.
• Logic: I have visually inspected the entire pull request myself.
• Pre-commit checks: All the pre-commits checks have passed.

[forsyth2]

Closing in favor of more-comprehensive #419