refactor(deps): split contributor extras into PEP 735 dependency groups

.github/workflows/claude-code-review.yml.bkp

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ jobs:
           #   'Please provide a thorough code review focusing on our coding standards and best practices.' }}
 
           # Project-specific tools for Python development
-          allowed_tools: "Bash(pytest),Bash(ruff check .),Bash(ruff format .),Bash(mypy .),Bash(uv pip install -e .[dev,solvers])"
+          allowed_tools: "Bash(pytest),Bash(ruff check .),Bash(ruff format .),Bash(mypy .),Bash(uv pip install -e .[solvers] --group dev)"
 
           # Optional: Skip review for certain conditions
           # if: |

.github/workflows/claude.yml

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ jobs:
           # assignee_trigger: "claude-bot"
 
           # Project-specific tools for Python development
-          allowed_tools: "Bash(pytest),Bash(ruff check .),Bash(ruff format .),Bash(mypy .),Bash(uv pip install -e .[dev,solvers])"
+          allowed_tools: "Bash(pytest),Bash(ruff check .),Bash(ruff format .),Bash(mypy .),Bash(uv pip install -e .[solvers] --group dev)"
 
           # Custom instructions for linopy project
           custom_instructions: |

.github/workflows/test-notebooks.yml

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ jobs:
     - name: Install package and dependencies
       run: |
         python -m pip install uv
-        uv pip install --system -e ".[docs]"
+        uv pip install --system -e . --group docs
 
     - name: Execute notebooks
       run: |

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ jobs:
     - name: Install package and dependencies
       run: |
         python -m pip install uv
-        uv pip install --system "$(ls dist/*.whl)[dev,solvers,oetc]"
+        uv pip install --system "$(ls dist/*.whl)[solvers,oetc]" --group dev
 
     - name: Test with pytest
       env:
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ jobs:
     - name: Install package and dependencies
       run: |
         python -m pip install uv
-        uv pip install --system "$(ls dist/*.whl)[dev]"
+        uv pip install --system "$(ls dist/*.whl)" --group dev
 
     - name: Run type checker (mypy)
       run: |

.readthedocs.yaml

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ build:
     - git fetch --unshallow # Needed to get version tags
 python:
   install:
-    - method: pip
-      path: .
-      extra_requirements:
+    - method: uv
+      command: sync
+      groups:
         - docs

README.md

@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ Note that these do have to be installed by the user separately.
 To set up a local development environment for linopy and to run the same tests that are run in the CI, you can run:
 
 ```sh
-uv sync --extra dev --extra solvers
+uv sync --group dev --extra solvers
 source .venv/bin/activate
 pytest
 ```

benchmarks/README.md

@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ Measures linopy's own performance (build time, LP write speed, memory usage) acr
 ## Setup
 
 ```bash
-pip install -e ".[benchmarks]"
+pip install -e . --group benchmarks   # pip >= 25.1
+# or: uv sync --group benchmarks
 ```
 
 ## Running benchmarks

doc/contributing.rst

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ To run the test suite:
 .. code-block:: bash
 
     # Install development dependencies
-    uv sync --extra dev --extra solvers
+    uv sync --group dev --extra solvers
 
     # Run all tests
     pytest
@@ -57,6 +57,20 @@ To run the test suite:
     # Run a specific test function
     pytest test/test_model.py::test_model_creation
 
+The contributor toolchains (``dev``, ``docs``, ``benchmarks``) are
+`PEP 735 <https://peps.python.org/pep-0735/>`_ dependency groups rather than
+extras, so they are installed with ``--group`` instead of ``--extra`` and are
+not reachable through the ``.[...]`` syntax. With pip, dependency groups
+require **pip >= 25.1**:
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    pip install -e . --group dev      # pip >= 25.1
+    uv sync --group dev               # uv (any recent version)
+
+The runtime extras (``solvers``, ``oetc``, ``remote``) are unaffected and are
+still installed the usual way, e.g. ``pip install linopy[solvers]``.
+
 GPU Testing
 -----------
 
@@ -84,7 +98,7 @@ When working on performance-sensitive code, use the internal benchmark suite in
 .. code-block:: bash
 
     # Install benchmark dependencies
-    uv sync --extra benchmarks
+    uv sync --group benchmarks
 
     # Quick timing benchmarks
     pytest benchmarks/ --quick

pyproject.toml

@@ -53,6 +53,21 @@ oetc = [
 remote = [
     "paramiko",
 ]
+solvers = [
+    "gurobipy",
+    "highspy>=1.5.0,!=1.14.0; python_version < '3.12'",
+    "highspy>=1.7.1,!=1.14.0; python_version >= '3.12'",
+    "cplex; platform_system != 'Darwin'",
+    "mosek",
+    "mindoptpy",
+    "coptpy!=7.2.1",
+    "xpress; platform_system != 'Darwin'",
+    "pyscipopt; platform_system != 'Darwin'",
+    "knitro>=15.1.0",
+    # "cupdlpx>=0.1.2", pip package currently unstable
+]
+
+[dependency-groups]
 docs = [
     "ipython==8.26.0",
     "numpydoc==1.7.0",
@@ -88,19 +103,6 @@ benchmarks = [
     "highspy>=1.7.1",
     "pytest-memray",
 ]
-solvers = [
-    "gurobipy",
-    "highspy>=1.5.0,!=1.14.0; python_version < '3.12'",
-    "highspy>=1.7.1,!=1.14.0; python_version >= '3.12'",
-    "cplex; platform_system != 'Darwin'",
-    "mosek",
-    "mindoptpy",
-    "coptpy!=7.2.1",
-    "xpress; platform_system != 'Darwin'",
-    "pyscipopt; platform_system != 'Darwin'",
-    "knitro>=15.1.0",
-    # "cupdlpx>=0.1.2", pip package currently unstable
-]
 
 [tool.setuptools.packages.find]
 include = ["linopy"]