[SPARK-57546][K8S] Use eclipse-temurin to use Ubuntu 26.04 and Python 3.14 by default

[dongjoon-hyun]

What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Like Apache Spark Docker repository, this PR aims to use eclipse-temurin to use Ubuntu 26.04 and Python 3.14 by default for Apache Spark 4.3.0.

https://github.com/apache/spark-docker/blob/75f9e755807c67794776276d8f5e3e2ceedfa82b/4.1.2/scala2.13-java17-ubuntu/Dockerfile#L17

Why are the changes needed?

Apache Spark 4.3.0 dropped Python 3.10.

• [SPARK-56889][PYTHON][INFRA] Drop Python 3.10 Support #55914

However, azul/zulu-openjdk only supports Ubuntu 22.04 which doesn't support Python 3.11 officially. It only have Python 3.11.0rc1.

$ docker run -it --rm azul/zulu-openjdk:25 bash
root@3c66cb6be8be:/# cat /etc/os-release | grep VERSION_ID
VERSION_ID="22.04"
root@3c66cb6be8be:/# apt-get update
root@3c66cb6be8be:/# apt-get install -y python3.11
root@3c66cb6be8be:/# python3.11 --version
Python 3.11.0rc1

Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?

Note that previously we support this new combination by the following.

$ bin/docker-image-tool.sh -b java_image_name=eclipse-temurin build

A user can switch back manually in the same way.

$ bin/docker-image-tool.sh -b java_image_name=azul/zulu-openjdk build

Although Apache Spark behavior is not changed because it's orthogonal to the underlying JDK, OS and Python versions, yes, the underlying OS becomes Ubuntu 26.04 and Python becomes 3.14 and Java vendor becomes Eclipse Temurin. This is inevitable due to the lack of Python 3.11 support of Zulu JDK.

AFTER

$ docker run -it --rm eclipse-temurin:25-jre bash
root@de506cc01b8a:/# cat /etc/os-release | grep VERSION_ID
VERSION_ID="26.04"
root@de506cc01b8a:/# apt-get update
root@de506cc01b8a:/# apt-get install -y python3
root@de506cc01b8a:/# python3 --version
Python 3.14.4

How was this patch tested?

Pass the CIs.

Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?

Generated-by: Claude Code

[dongjoon-hyun]

cc @sarutak , @yaooqinn , @LuciferYang

[dongjoon-hyun]

Thank you, @sarutak , @HyukjinKwon , @LuciferYang !

[dongjoon-hyun]

Merged to master/4.x.