🛡️ Sentinel: [CRITICAL] Fix DuckDB SQL injection

[aperetti]

🚨 Severity: CRITICAL
💡 Vulnerability: The DuckDB meter data adapter (DuckDBMeterDataRepository) was using f-string interpolation to insert start_time and end_time into SQL queries (e.g., WHERE r.timestamp >= '{st_lit}'::TIMESTAMP). Even with basic quote escaping, this pattern is dangerous and highly vulnerable to SQL injection, particularly given DuckDB's powerful analytical capabilities.
🎯 Impact: Exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary DuckDB queries, potentially leading to unauthorized data exfiltration, modification, or denial of service within the local analytical engine.
🔧 Fix: Refactored all query generation methods (estimate_aggregate_consumption, get_aggregate_consumption, get_voltage_distribution, estimate_map_voltage, get_map_voltage, get_map_edge_load, get_phase_balancing) to utilize DuckDB's native parameter binding (?::TIMESTAMP) via the parameter list argument of conn.execute(). Furthermore, associated unit tests in test_duckdb_adapter.py have been properly mocked and updated to assert the secure parameterization of the generated queries. Added a critical learning entry to .jules/sentinel.md noting the vulnerability.
✅ Verification: Ensure the test suite passes successfully.

cd backend && PYTHONPATH=. PARQUET_DIR=dummy DB_PATH=dummy python3 -m pytest tests/test_duckdb_adapter.py

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PR created automatically by Jules for task 1715859069918372886 started by @aperetti

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