Inception

This project has been created as part of the 42 curriculum by aroualid

Description

Inception is a 42 school project which is about using Docker. This project aims to broaden your knowledge of system administration by using Docker. You will virtualize several Docker images, creating them in your new personal virtual machine.

Instructions

    #to build or run all containers
    make 
    
    # to stop all containers
    make down

    # to stop and delete all volumes
    make clean
    
    # to remove all containers and volumes
    make fclean
       
    # to remove everything and build right after
    make re

• When all containers are run you can go to aroualid.42.fr.

• As an admin user you can go to aroualid.42.fr/wp-admin to connect and do this :
  • Modify the website.
  • Create new posts.
  • Approve or disapprove comments posted by non-admin users.

• As a non-admin user you can go to aroualid.42.fr/wp-admin and connect to this:
  • Create new posts.
  • Post comments under posts.

• As a guest user you can go to aroualid.42.fr and :
  • Post comments under posts.

• To login to the database you can use the comman line sudo docker exec -it srcs-mariadb-1 mysql -u (your mariaDB username) -p and after type you mariaDB password.

• Useful commands to navigate through the database:
  • USE database_name; — Selects the specific database you want to work with.
  • SHOW TABLES; — Lists the tables, sequences, and views in the current database.
  • SELECT * FROM wp_posts; — Displays a table of all rows and columns from the specified table. Here, we use the * wildcard to select everything from wp_posts.

Resources

• https://docs.docker.com/get-started/docker-concepts/building-images/writing-a-dockerfile/
  • this and all docker docs is verry usefull.
• A lot of pear to pear, for example on my create_wordpress.sh i had to add theses 3 lines

wp config set WP_HOME "https://$WP_DOMAIN_NAME" --allow-root
wp config set WP_SITEURL "https://$WP_DOMAIN_NAME" --allow-root
wp search-replace "http://$WP_DOMAIN_NAME" "https://$WP_DOMAIN_NAME" --all-tables --allow-root

because when i was trying to go to my wp-admin page it was http://aroualid.42.fr/wp-admin instead of https://aroualid.42.fr/wp-admin and my mate wnocchi help me because he goes threw the same issues and told me to do this.

• I use Gemini Ai to debug because sometimes it was just some syntax errors on Dockerfiles or Shell scripts.

Project Description

Here are some comparaisons betwen

Comparaison point	Virtual Machine	Docker
Starting time	Can take minutes to start	Start in seconds
Setup time	Can be very long to setup	Can be setup very fast
Weight	Can weight Go	Can weight only somes Mo
Creation	Few amount of already existing VM	There is a lot of Docker ready to use
Security	Protect process at material level	Protect process at OS level

Comparaison point	Secrets	Environment Variables
Stockage	Encrypt data	Data stored in raw format
Visibility in shell	Invisible in the shell	You can cat the .env file
Asignation	One Secrets per service	A .env file can be used by multiple services
Transmission	Natively transmittable between user	Only transmitable by coping the file

Comparaison point	Docker Network	Host Network
Port Mapping (-p)	Required: You must map ports (e.g., 8080:80).	Ignored: Port 80 in container is port 80 on host.
Performance	Small overhead due to NAT/Docker Proxy.	Native: No overhead, maximum network speed.
Security	Stronger: Only explicitly mapped ports are open.	Lower: All container ports are exposed to the host.
Connectivity	Uses Docker DNS (reach services by name).	Uses localhost or the host's actual LAN IP.
OS Support	Works on Linux, macOS, and Windows.	Native Linux (Limited on Docker Desktop).

Docker Volumes	Bind Mounts
Docker volume is the recommended method for storing data created and utilized by Docker containers is to use volumes	Bind mount has existed from Docker's early versions. Comparatively speaking, bind mounts are less useful than volumes
Docker volumes may be interacted with using CLIs and APIs	Bind mounts cannot be accessed by CLI commands. You may still work instantly with them on the host system
All you need is the volume name to mount it	When using bind mounts for mounting, a route to the host computer must be supplied
In /var/lib/docker/volumes, the volumes are stored	On the host computer, a bind mount can be located anywhere