42 Ecole

This repository contains my progress and projects from the 42 Cursus.

What is 42 Ecole?

42 is a global software engineering school that offers a unique educational model:

• No Teachers & No Classes: Learning is entirely peer-to-peer and project-based.
• Gamified Curriculum: Students progress by completing projects, earning experience points (XP), and leveling up.
• The Norm: Strict coding standards (Norminette) must be followed for all C projects. It enforces rules like a maximum of 25 lines per function, no for loops, and strict variable declaration rules.

Topics Covered

The core curriculum heavily focuses on low-level programming to build a strong foundation before moving on to higher-level concepts. Key areas include:

• C Programming: Memory management (malloc/free), pointers, linked lists, and data structures.
• Algorithms: Sorting algorithms, pathfinding, and optimization.
• Unix / System Programming: Multi-threading, processes (forks), pipes, signal handling, and file I/O.
• Graphics: Raycasting, wireframe rendering, and handling window events using the MiniLibX.
• System Administration: Virtual machines, Docker, system setup, and network configuration.

The Core Curriculum Projects

Here is an overview of the projects generally found in the 42 Core Curriculum:

Level 0

• Libft - Creating a custom C library consisting of standard libc functions and additional utility functions (linked lists, string manipulations).

Level 1

• ft_printf - A custom implementation of the standard C printf function, learning about variadic arguments.
• get_next_line - A function that reads and returns a single line from a file descriptor, teaching static variables and buffer management.
• Born2beroot - System administration project requiring the setup of a virtual machine, Debian/CentOS installation, LVM, and strict security rules.

Level 2

• push_swap - An algorithmic project to sort data on a stack using a limited set of instructions and aiming for the lowest possible number of operations.
• pipex - Recreating the behavior of shell pipes (|) in C using fork, pipe, dup2, and execve.
• FdF - Introduction to graphical programming using MiniLibX. (Wireframe 3D rendering).

Level 3

• Philosophers - A classic threading and synchronization problem (Dining Philosophers problem) using mutexes and threads.
• minishell - Recreating a basic bash-like shell, handling prompts, parsing, environment variables, built-ins, pipes, and redirections.

Level 4

• cub3D - Advanced graphics. Creating a 3D game engine using raycasting (like Wolfenstein 3D).
• NetPractice - Understanding TCP/IP addressing, subnetting, and basic routing.
• CPP Modules 00-04 - Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming in C++ (Classes, instances, inheritance, polymorphism).

Level 5

• Inception - Introduction to Docker. Setting up a complete infrastructure using docker-compose (Nginx, WordPress, MariaDB).
• webserv - Network programming. Creating an HTTP server from scratch in C++ (handling GET/POST, CGI, multiplexing).
• CPP Modules 05-09 - Advanced C++ concepts, templates, exceptions, and the Standard Template Library (STL).