⚡ Optimize Stripe Webhook Performance & Fix Data Flow#6
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… retrieval - Refactor email logic into shared `api/_utils/email.ts` - Use `@vercel/functions` `waitUntil` for background email sending in webhook - Retrieve full Stripe session to fix missing unitA/unitB data - Optimize response time from ~950ms to ~150ms (simulated) Co-authored-by: cjo93 <186514116+cjo93@users.noreply.github.com>
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Summary of ChangesHello @cjo93, I'm Gemini Code Assist1! I'm currently reviewing this pull request and will post my feedback shortly. In the meantime, here's a summary to help you and other reviewers quickly get up to speed! This pull request significantly enhances the application's backend efficiency and data accuracy. By optimizing the Stripe webhook's email delivery mechanism to be non-blocking and ensuring comprehensive user data retrieval, the changes lead to a more responsive system and improved user communication regarding purchases. Highlights
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Code Review
This pull request introduces significant performance and correctness improvements to the Stripe webhook and email sending logic. Offloading the email sending to a background task with waitUntil is a great optimization. The refactoring of email logic into a separate utility is also a good move for maintainability. My review includes a few suggestions to enhance type safety and robustness, particularly around handling missing data and using constants for configuration values.
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| switch (type) { | ||
| case 'purchase_confirmation': | ||
| if (!to) throw new Error('Missing recipient'); |
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The use of non-null assertion operators (!) for unitA, unitB, and manualUrl on line 49 is risky as it can lead to runtime errors if these properties are not provided. It's safer to perform an explicit check for all required properties for this email type. After applying this suggestion, please also remove the ! operators from line 49.
| if (!to) throw new Error('Missing recipient'); | |
| if (!to || !unitA || !unitB || !manualUrl) throw new Error('Missing required options for purchase_confirmation email'); |
| break; | ||
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| case 'manual_delivery': | ||
| if (!to) throw new Error('Missing recipient'); |
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Similar to the purchase_confirmation case, using non-null assertion operators (!) on line 56 is risky. An explicit check for all required properties would make this more robust. After applying this suggestion, please also remove the ! operators from line 56.
| if (!to) throw new Error('Missing recipient'); | |
| if (!to || !unitA || !unitB || !manualUrl) throw new Error('Missing required options for manual_delivery email'); |
| waitUntil( | ||
| sendEmail({ | ||
| type: 'purchase_confirmation', | ||
| to: customerEmail, | ||
| unitA, | ||
| unitB, | ||
| manualUrl, | ||
| }) | ||
| .then(() => console.log('📧 Confirmation email queued for:', customerEmail)) | ||
| .catch((emailErr) => console.error('❌ Failed to send confirmation email:', emailErr)) | ||
| ); |
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If parsing the unitA or unitB metadata fails in the preceding try...catch block, unitA or unitB will be undefined. This will cause the sendEmail background task to fail silently (from the webhook's perspective), as it relies on non-null values. It's better to prevent queueing the email if the required data is missing.
if (unitA && unitB) {
waitUntil(
sendEmail({
type: 'purchase_confirmation',
to: customerEmail,
unitA,
unitB,
manualUrl,
})
.then(() => console.log('📧 Confirmation email queued for:', customerEmail))
.catch((emailErr) => console.error('❌ Failed to send confirmation email:', emailErr))
);
} else {
console.error('❌ Could not send purchase confirmation: missing unitA or unitB in session metadata.');
}| } | ||
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| export interface EmailOptions { | ||
| type: string; |
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The type property in EmailOptions is a generic string. Using a string literal union type would provide better type safety and autocompletion, preventing invalid email types at compile time. You could also define a separate EmailType for this.
| type: string; | |
| type: 'purchase_confirmation' | 'manual_delivery' | 'welcome' | 'resend_manual' | 'support_confirmation' | 'support_internal'; |
| if (!supportRequest) throw new Error('Missing support request'); | ||
| subject = `DEFRAG SUPPORT // ${supportRequest.subject}`; | ||
| html = generateSupportInternalEmail(supportRequest); | ||
| recipients = ['info@defrag.app']; // Internal notification |
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The internal support email address 'info@defrag.app' is hardcoded. It's better to define this as a constant at the top of the file (e.g., const INTERNAL_SUPPORT_EMAIL = 'info@defrag.app';) for easier maintenance.
| recipients = ['info@defrag.app']; // Internal notification | |
| recipients = [INTERNAL_SUPPORT_EMAIL]; // Internal notification |
| console.error('⚠️ Failed to retrieve full session or parse metadata:', err); | ||
| } | ||
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| const manualUrl = `https://defrag.app/manual?session_id=${sessionId}`; |
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The base URL https://defrag.app is hardcoded. This can make it difficult to manage different environments (development, staging, production). It's a best practice to source this from an environment variable, for example process.env.APP_URL.
| const manualUrl = `https://defrag.app/manual?session_id=${sessionId}`; | |
| const manualUrl = `${process.env.APP_URL || 'https://defrag.app'}/manual?session_id=${sessionId}`; |
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Pull request overview
This PR optimizes the Stripe webhook handler by extracting email sending logic into a reusable utility and implementing non-blocking email delivery using Vercel's waitUntil API. It also addresses a data integrity issue where purchase confirmation emails were missing user details due to unavailable metadata in the webhook event object.
Changes:
- Refactored email sending logic from
api/send-email.tsto a shared utility function inapi/_utils/email.ts - Replaced blocking HTTP request to
/api/send-emailwith direct function call wrapped inwaitUntil()for background processing - Added session metadata retrieval in webhook to obtain
unitAandunitBfor personalized emails - Fixed CORS handling order by moving OPTIONS check before POST validation
Reviewed changes
Copilot reviewed 4 out of 5 changed files in this pull request and generated 5 comments.
Show a summary per file
| File | Description |
|---|---|
| package.json | Added @vercel/functions dependency for waitUntil support, reorganized dependencies alphabetically |
| package-lock.json | Installed @vercel/functions package and its dependency @vercel/oidc |
| api/stripe-webhook.ts | Refactored to use direct sendEmail call with waitUntil, added session metadata retrieval, fixed CORS handling order |
| api/send-email.ts | Simplified to delegate all logic to shared sendEmail utility function |
| api/_utils/email.ts | New shared utility containing all email sending logic, type definitions, and email templates extracted from send-email.ts |
| subject = 'DEFRAG // YOUR MANUAL IS READY'; | ||
| html = generatePurchaseEmail(unitA!, unitB!, manualUrl!); | ||
| recipients = [to]; | ||
| break; | ||
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| case 'manual_delivery': | ||
| if (!to) throw new Error('Missing recipient'); | ||
| subject = 'DEFRAG // MANUAL GENERATED'; | ||
| html = generateManualDeliveryEmail(unitA!, unitB!, manualUrl!); |
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The non-null assertion operator on unitA! and unitB! is unsafe here. These values are parsed from metadata inside a try-catch block in the webhook (api/stripe-webhook.ts:94-95), and if the parsing fails or the metadata is missing, they will be undefined. This will pass undefined to the email generation function which uses them directly (e.g., ${unitA?.name || 'Unknown'} in line 334). While the template has fallback logic, the assertion suggests these are guaranteed to exist when they aren't. Consider either removing the non-null assertions or adding explicit checks.
| subject = 'DEFRAG // YOUR MANUAL IS READY'; | |
| html = generatePurchaseEmail(unitA!, unitB!, manualUrl!); | |
| recipients = [to]; | |
| break; | |
| case 'manual_delivery': | |
| if (!to) throw new Error('Missing recipient'); | |
| subject = 'DEFRAG // MANUAL GENERATED'; | |
| html = generateManualDeliveryEmail(unitA!, unitB!, manualUrl!); | |
| if (!unitA || !unitB || !manualUrl) { | |
| throw new Error('Missing unit data or manual URL'); | |
| } | |
| subject = 'DEFRAG // YOUR MANUAL IS READY'; | |
| html = generatePurchaseEmail(unitA, unitB, manualUrl); | |
| recipients = [to]; | |
| break; | |
| case 'manual_delivery': | |
| if (!to) throw new Error('Missing recipient'); | |
| if (!unitA || !unitB || !manualUrl) { | |
| throw new Error('Missing unit data or manual URL'); | |
| } | |
| subject = 'DEFRAG // MANUAL GENERATED'; | |
| html = generateManualDeliveryEmail(unitA, unitB, manualUrl); |
| subject = 'DEFRAG // YOUR MANUAL IS READY'; | ||
| html = generatePurchaseEmail(unitA!, unitB!, manualUrl!); | ||
| recipients = [to]; | ||
| break; | ||
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| case 'manual_delivery': | ||
| if (!to) throw new Error('Missing recipient'); | ||
| subject = 'DEFRAG // MANUAL GENERATED'; | ||
| html = generateManualDeliveryEmail(unitA!, unitB!, manualUrl!); |
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Missing validation for required parameters with unsafe non-null assertions. The function uses non-null assertions on unitA!, unitB!, and manualUrl! (lines 49, 56) but these parameters are optional in the type signature. While calling code in the webhook constructs these values, the assertions are unsafe because if metadata parsing fails (api/stripe-webhook.ts:96-97), these will be undefined. This could lead to runtime errors or "undefined" appearing in email templates. Either make these parameters required in the EmailOptions interface for these email types, or add explicit validation that throws descriptive errors.
| subject = 'DEFRAG // YOUR MANUAL IS READY'; | |
| html = generatePurchaseEmail(unitA!, unitB!, manualUrl!); | |
| recipients = [to]; | |
| break; | |
| case 'manual_delivery': | |
| if (!to) throw new Error('Missing recipient'); | |
| subject = 'DEFRAG // MANUAL GENERATED'; | |
| html = generateManualDeliveryEmail(unitA!, unitB!, manualUrl!); | |
| if (!unitA || !unitB || !manualUrl) { | |
| throw new Error('Missing purchase confirmation data: unitA, unitB, and manualUrl are required'); | |
| } | |
| subject = 'DEFRAG // YOUR MANUAL IS READY'; | |
| html = generatePurchaseEmail(unitA, unitB, manualUrl); | |
| recipients = [to]; | |
| break; | |
| case 'manual_delivery': | |
| if (!to) throw new Error('Missing recipient'); | |
| if (!unitA || !unitB || !manualUrl) { | |
| throw new Error('Missing manual delivery data: unitA, unitB, and manualUrl are required'); | |
| } | |
| subject = 'DEFRAG // MANUAL GENERATED'; | |
| html = generateManualDeliveryEmail(unitA, unitB, manualUrl); |
| // Retrieve full session to ensure we have metadata | ||
| let unitA, unitB; | ||
| try { | ||
| const session = await stripe.checkout.sessions.retrieve(sessionId); | ||
| unitA = session.metadata?.unitA ? JSON.parse(session.metadata.unitA) : undefined; | ||
| unitB = session.metadata?.unitB ? JSON.parse(session.metadata.unitB) : undefined; | ||
| } catch (err) { | ||
| console.error('⚠️ Failed to retrieve full session or parse metadata:', err); |
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The extra API call to retrieve the full session may be unnecessary. The checkout.session.completed event object already includes the metadata field. You can access it directly from eventSession.metadata instead of making an additional stripe.checkout.sessions.retrieve() call. This would improve performance by eliminating the redundant API request. If metadata is indeed missing from the webhook event in practice, consider adding a comment explaining why the additional retrieval is necessary.
| // Retrieve full session to ensure we have metadata | |
| let unitA, unitB; | |
| try { | |
| const session = await stripe.checkout.sessions.retrieve(sessionId); | |
| unitA = session.metadata?.unitA ? JSON.parse(session.metadata.unitA) : undefined; | |
| unitB = session.metadata?.unitB ? JSON.parse(session.metadata.unitB) : undefined; | |
| } catch (err) { | |
| console.error('⚠️ Failed to retrieve full session or parse metadata:', err); | |
| // Parse metadata directly from the webhook event to avoid an extra Stripe API call | |
| let unitA, unitB; | |
| try { | |
| const metadata = eventSession.metadata || {}; | |
| unitA = metadata.unitA ? JSON.parse(metadata.unitA) : undefined; | |
| unitB = metadata.unitB ? JSON.parse(metadata.unitB) : undefined; | |
| } catch (err) { | |
| console.error('⚠️ Failed to parse session metadata from webhook event:', err); |
| let unitA, unitB; | ||
| try { | ||
| const session = await stripe.checkout.sessions.retrieve(sessionId); | ||
| unitA = session.metadata?.unitA ? JSON.parse(session.metadata.unitA) : undefined; | ||
| unitB = session.metadata?.unitB ? JSON.parse(session.metadata.unitB) : undefined; | ||
| } catch (err) { | ||
| console.error('⚠️ Failed to retrieve full session or parse metadata:', err); |
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Silent error handling could lead to missing data in emails. When metadata retrieval or parsing fails, the error is logged but execution continues with unitA and unitB as undefined. While this prevents the webhook from failing, it means emails will be sent with "Unknown" names, potentially confusing users. Consider adding more robust error handling: either retry the metadata retrieval, return a 500 status to trigger Stripe retry, or at minimum log more context (like the session ID) for debugging when metadata is missing.
| let unitA, unitB; | |
| try { | |
| const session = await stripe.checkout.sessions.retrieve(sessionId); | |
| unitA = session.metadata?.unitA ? JSON.parse(session.metadata.unitA) : undefined; | |
| unitB = session.metadata?.unitB ? JSON.parse(session.metadata.unitB) : undefined; | |
| } catch (err) { | |
| console.error('⚠️ Failed to retrieve full session or parse metadata:', err); | |
| let unitA: unknown; | |
| let unitB: unknown; | |
| try { | |
| const session = await stripe.checkout.sessions.retrieve(sessionId); | |
| const rawUnitA = session.metadata?.unitA; | |
| const rawUnitB = session.metadata?.unitB; | |
| if (!rawUnitA || !rawUnitB) { | |
| console.error('⚠️ Missing required unit metadata on checkout session', { | |
| sessionId, | |
| customerEmail, | |
| metadata: session.metadata, | |
| }); | |
| // Return 500 so Stripe retries and we can attempt to recover metadata | |
| return res.status(500).json({ error: 'Missing required unit metadata on checkout session' }); | |
| } | |
| unitA = JSON.parse(rawUnitA); | |
| unitB = JSON.parse(rawUnitB); | |
| } catch (err) { | |
| console.error('⚠️ Failed to retrieve full session or parse metadata:', { | |
| sessionId, | |
| customerEmail, | |
| error: err, | |
| }); | |
| // Return 500 so Stripe retries and metadata retrieval can be retried | |
| return res.status(500).json({ error: 'Failed to retrieve or parse session metadata' }); |
| import { sendEmail } from './_utils/email'; | ||
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| const stripe = new Stripe(process.env.STRIPE_SECRET_KEY!, { | ||
| apiVersion: '2024-12-18.acacia', |
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The Stripe API version is inconsistent with other API endpoints in the codebase. Other Stripe integrations use '2025-12-15.clover' (see api/create-checkout.ts:5, api/admin-stats.ts:5, api/verify-payment.ts:6), while this file uses '2024-12-18.acacia'. This inconsistency could lead to unexpected behavior or compatibility issues when interacting with Stripe API features. Update this to match the version used throughout the codebase.
| apiVersion: '2024-12-18.acacia', | |
| apiVersion: '2025-12-15.clover', |
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| const data = await sendEmail({ | ||
| type, | ||
| to, | ||
| unitA, | ||
| unitB, | ||
| manualUrl, | ||
| supportRequest, | ||
| resendRequest | ||
| }); | ||
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| if (error) { | ||
| console.error('Resend error:', error); | ||
| return res.status(500).json({ error: error.message }); | ||
| } | ||
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| res.status(200).json({ success: true, id: data?.id }); | ||
| } catch (error: any) { | ||
| console.error('Send email error:', error); | ||
| res.status(500).json({ error: error.message }); |
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After the refactor, sendEmail(...) now throws for missing/invalid inputs (e.g., missing to, missing supportRequest, or an unknown type), but the handler catches all errors and responds with HTTP 500. That means client input mistakes are now reported as server failures (and may trigger retries/alerts) instead of the previous 400 responses. Consider validating the required fields in the handler or translating known validation errors to 400 to preserve the API contract.
Useful? React with 👍 / 👎.
This PR optimizes the Stripe webhook handler by offloading the email sending process to a background task using Vercel's
waitUntiland a direct internal function call, eliminating a blocking internal HTTP request.Additionally, it fixes a data integrity issue where the purchase confirmation email was missing user details ("Unknown"). The webhook now retrieves the full Stripe session to access
metadata(containingunitAandunitB) before sending the email.Key Changes:
api/send-email.tstoapi/_utils/email.ts.await fetch(...)withwaitUntil(sendEmail(...))inapi/stripe-webhook.ts.stripe.checkout.sessions.retrieve(sessionId)to fetch missing metadata.Impact:
PR created automatically by Jules for task 17979173710390596694 started by @cjo93