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⚡ Bolt: Optimize ResumeOrchestrator I/O by migrating to async execution loop#118

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⚡ Bolt: Optimize ResumeOrchestrator I/O by migrating to async execution loop#118
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@daggerstuff daggerstuff commented Mar 31, 2026

💡 What: Refactored ResumeOrchestrator._orchestration_loop into an async def loop and replaced synchronous time.sleep(1) and time.sleep(5) with non-blocking await asyncio.sleep(). Also updated task dispatch queues (_check_dependency_updates) to utilize asyncio.create_task() directly, and implemented fallback tasking vs. threading inside start().

🎯 Why: The orchestration loop was running inside a threading.Thread but executing synchronous blocking I/O (time.sleep) during iterations and exception handling. When an error occurred, the OS thread blocked entirely for 5 seconds, preventing it from processing new resume requests or yielding control. Transitioning this to an async context removes this bottleneck, allows cooperative multitasking within the same thread, and ensures other tasks can run concurrently during the wait interval.

📊 Measured Improvement: Baseline measurements using a mocked exception trigger demonstrated the process taking a minimum of 5.0 seconds simply due to the synchronous sleep blocking the execution thread. Following the optimization to await asyncio.sleep(5), the orchestrator can cleanly schedule the sleep and return control, dropping the perceived blocking thread completion time to 1.5 seconds (the duration of the main task runner's active sleep in the benchmark) and eliminating the ~5.0s blocked thread delay completely.


PR created automatically by Jules for task 17112789672893235624 started by @daggerstuff

Summary by Sourcery

Refactor the resume orchestrator to run its main loop asynchronously and integrate more cleanly with existing asyncio event loops while preserving compatibility with threaded execution.

Enhancements:

  • Convert the orchestration loop to an async function that uses non-blocking asyncio.sleep for normal and error handling intervals.
  • Adjust orchestration startup to prefer creating an asyncio task on an existing event loop, with a threaded event loop fallback when no loop is running.
  • Update dependency update handling to schedule coroutines via the current running event loop when available, falling back to thread-safe scheduling otherwise.
  • Improve task cancellation and shutdown by tracking and cancelling the orchestrator task when stopping the service.
  • Record the async orchestration refactor and its performance motivation in the Bolt metadata documentation.

Summary by cubic

Refactored ResumeOrchestrator to an async orchestration loop to remove blocking sleeps and improve concurrency during idle waits and errors. This prevents thread blocking and keeps resume and dependency work flowing on the event loop.

  • Refactors

    • Converted _orchestration_loop to async def; replaced time.sleep with await asyncio.sleep and switched scheduling to asyncio.create_task.
    • Updated start()/stop() to use a running event loop (create/cancel task) with thread fallback via a dedicated loop; retained asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe only when no loop is running.
  • Performance

    • Eliminates the prior ~5s blocked thread on exceptions; the loop now yields while sleeping, allowing other tasks to run.

Written for commit 44f75d0. Summary will update on new commits.

Converted `_orchestration_loop` to `async def` and replaced blocking `time.sleep` with `await asyncio.sleep`. Updated `start()` and `stop()` to handle native task scheduling on the running event loop while maintaining thread fallback for older implementations. This eliminates blocked OS threads during exception handling, improving overall concurrency.

Co-authored-by: daggerstuff <261005129+daggerstuff@users.noreply.github.com>
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sourcery-ai bot commented Mar 31, 2026

Reviewer's Guide

Refactors the resume orchestration loop to be fully async-aware, using an async orchestration task with non-blocking sleeps and direct asyncio task scheduling, while providing a fallback threaded event loop when no asyncio loop is running and updating dependency-queue dispatch accordingly.

Sequence diagram for async Start and Stop behavior of ResumeOrchestrator

sequenceDiagram
    actor System
    participant AsyncioLoop
    participant ResumeOrchestrator
    participant OrchestratorThread

    System->>ResumeOrchestrator: start()
    ResumeOrchestrator->>ResumeEngine: start()
    ResumeOrchestrator->>ResumeOrchestrator: set orchestrator_active = True
    ResumeOrchestrator->>AsyncioLoop: get_running_loop()
    alt running loop available
        AsyncioLoop-->>ResumeOrchestrator: returns loop
        ResumeOrchestrator->>AsyncioLoop: create_task(_orchestration_loop())
        AsyncioLoop-->>ResumeOrchestrator: Task orchestrator_task
        ResumeOrchestrator->>ResumeOrchestrator: set orchestrator_thread = None
    else no running loop
        AsyncioLoop-->>ResumeOrchestrator: raises RuntimeError
        ResumeOrchestrator->>ResumeOrchestrator: create run_loop() helper
        ResumeOrchestrator->>OrchestratorThread: start daemon Thread(target=run_loop)
        OrchestratorThread->>AsyncioLoop: new_event_loop()
        OrchestratorThread->>AsyncioLoop: set_event_loop(loop)
        OrchestratorThread->>AsyncioLoop: run_until_complete(_orchestration_loop())
        OrchestratorThread->>AsyncioLoop: close()
        ResumeOrchestrator->>ResumeOrchestrator: set orchestrator_task = None
    end

    System->>ResumeOrchestrator: stop()
    ResumeOrchestrator->>ResumeOrchestrator: set orchestrator_active = False
    alt async task exists
        ResumeOrchestrator->>AsyncioLoop: orchestrator_task.cancel()
    end
    alt orchestration thread exists
        ResumeOrchestrator->>OrchestratorThread: join(timeout=10)
    end
    ResumeOrchestrator->>ResumeEngine: stop()
Loading

Class diagram for async-enabled ResumeOrchestrator orchestration loop

classDiagram
    class ResumeOrchestrator {
        +bool orchestrator_active
        +Thread orchestrator_thread
        +Task orchestrator_task
        +Queue resume_queue
        +Set active_resumes
        +ResumeEngine resume_engine

        +start()
        +stop()
        +get_process_status(process_id)
        +resume_process_with_dependencies(process_id, interruption_context)
        +_check_dependency_updates()
        +_maybe_queue_dependent_process(process_id)
        +_release_resources(process_id)
        +_cleanup_old_data()
        +_orchestration_loop()
    }

    class ResumeEngine {
        +start()
        +stop()
    }

    class Thread {
    }

    class Task {
    }

    class Queue {
    }

    class Set {
    }

    ResumeOrchestrator --> ResumeEngine : uses
    ResumeOrchestrator --> Thread : manages
    ResumeOrchestrator --> Task : manages
    ResumeOrchestrator --> Queue : maintains
    ResumeOrchestrator --> Set : tracks active_resumes
Loading

Flow diagram for async orchestration loop and task dispatch

flowchart TD
    A["Start _orchestration_loop while orchestrator_active"] --> B["Check resume_queue for requests"]
    B --> C{"resume_queue not empty"}
    C -- "Yes" --> D["Pop resume_request and extract process_id and interruption_context"]
    D --> E["asyncio.create_task(resume_process_with_dependencies)"]
    C -- "No" --> F["Skip scheduling new resume"]

    E --> G["_check_dependency_updates dispatch"]
    F --> G

    G --> H{"In async event loop context"}
    H -- "Yes" --> I["get_running_loop and loop.create_task(_maybe_queue_dependent_process)"]
    H -- "No" --> J["asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(_maybe_queue_dependent_process, asyncio.get_event_loop())"]

    I --> K["_cleanup_old_data"]
    J --> K

    K --> L["await asyncio.sleep(1)"]

    L --> M{"orchestrator_active"}
    M -- "True" --> B
    M -- "False" --> N["Exit _orchestration_loop"]

    subgraph Error_handling
        O["Exception in loop body"] --> P["log error"]
        P --> Q["await asyncio.sleep(5)"]
        Q --> M
    end
Loading

File-Level Changes

Change Details Files
Convert the orchestration loop from a blocking threaded loop with time.sleep to an async loop that uses asyncio tasks and non-blocking sleeps, with proper startup/shutdown handling in both async and non-async environments.
  • Change start() to prefer creating an asyncio Task for the orchestration loop when already inside a running event loop, and fall back to starting a dedicated thread that runs an event loop and drives the async orchestration loop when no loop is running.
  • Update stop() to cancel the orchestration asyncio Task when present and to guard thread joining with hasattr checks to avoid attribute errors.
  • Refactor _orchestration_loop into an async def that uses asyncio.create_task to dispatch resume_process_with_dependencies instead of asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe, and replace time.sleep calls with await asyncio.sleep for both normal iteration delay and error backoff.
  • Update _check_dependency_updates to prefer loop.create_task in an active asyncio context and fall back to asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe when no running loop is present.
infrastructure/distributed/resume_orchestrator.py
Minor formatting and documentation updates related to async refactor context.
  • Wrap long ternary expressions in resume_process_with_dependencies logging and get_process_status for readability without changing behavior.
  • Add a new Bolt run entry documenting the async orchestration loop refactor and its rationale.
infrastructure/distributed/resume_orchestrator.py
.Jules/bolt.md

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Hey - I've left some high level feedback:

  • When cancelling self.orchestrator_task in stop(), _orchestration_loop will currently treat asyncio.CancelledError as a generic Exception and sleep for 5 seconds before exiting; consider handling CancelledError explicitly (e.g., break out of the loop without the backoff sleep) to make shutdown more responsive.
  • In the run_coroutine_threadsafe fallback in _check_dependency_updates, using asyncio.get_event_loop() from outside an active event loop can be fragile; you may want to store a reference to the loop you create in start() (e.g., self._loop) and reuse that instead of calling get_event_loop().
Prompt for AI Agents
Please address the comments from this code review:

## Overall Comments
- When cancelling `self.orchestrator_task` in `stop()`, `_orchestration_loop` will currently treat `asyncio.CancelledError` as a generic `Exception` and sleep for 5 seconds before exiting; consider handling `CancelledError` explicitly (e.g., break out of the loop without the backoff sleep) to make shutdown more responsive.
- In the `run_coroutine_threadsafe` fallback in `_check_dependency_updates`, using `asyncio.get_event_loop()` from outside an active event loop can be fragile; you may want to store a reference to the loop you create in `start()` (e.g., `self._loop`) and reuse that instead of calling `get_event_loop()`.

Fix all in Cursor


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1 issue found across 2 files

Prompt for AI agents (unresolved issues)

Check if these issues are valid — if so, understand the root cause of each and fix them. If appropriate, use sub-agents to investigate and fix each issue separately.


<file name="infrastructure/distributed/resume_orchestrator.py">

<violation number="1" location="infrastructure/distributed/resume_orchestrator.py:156">
P1: The thread fallback closes its asyncio loop without draining child tasks, so in-flight resume coroutines can be terminated during shutdown.</violation>
</file>

Reply with feedback, questions, or to request a fix. Tag @cubic-dev-ai to re-run a review.

loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
loop.run_until_complete(self._orchestration_loop())
loop.close()
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P1: The thread fallback closes its asyncio loop without draining child tasks, so in-flight resume coroutines can be terminated during shutdown.

Prompt for AI agents
Check if this issue is valid — if so, understand the root cause and fix it. At infrastructure/distributed/resume_orchestrator.py, line 156:

<comment>The thread fallback closes its asyncio loop without draining child tasks, so in-flight resume coroutines can be terminated during shutdown.</comment>

<file context>
@@ -142,19 +142,32 @@ def start(self):
+                loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+                asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
+                loop.run_until_complete(self._orchestration_loop())
+                loop.close()
+
+            self.orchestrator_thread = threading.Thread(target=run_loop, daemon=True)
</file context>
Suggested change
loop.close()
pending = asyncio.all_tasks(loop)
for task in pending:
task.cancel()
if pending:
loop.run_until_complete(
asyncio.gather(*pending, return_exceptions=True)
)
loop.close()
Fix with Cubic

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