Validate executor timeouts and normalize lock settings

[foreverest]

Summary

• normalize the timeout passed to IdempotentExecutor.run, enforce positive finite milliseconds, and compute lock retry parameters with explicit integers
• extract shared constants for timeout defaults, retry delay, and extension buffer, and add comprehensive tests covering invalid values and the normalized settings

Testing

• Not run (not requested)

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 100.00%. Comparing base (373b24a) to head (b236c71).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##              main       #22   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage   100.00%   100.00%           
=========================================
  Files            6         6           
  Lines          200       213   +13     
  Branches        42        45    +3     
=========================================
+ Hits           200       213   +13     

Flag	Coverage Δ
node20.x	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
node22.x	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
node24.x	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)

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