test: Build e2e native modules with clang on Linux

[timfish]

The E2E Tests (ubuntu-22.04, 43.2.0, *) jobs fail (see #1398) because electron-rebuild cannot compile @sentry/node-native-stacktrace against the Electron 43 headers with GCC.

Electron 43 ships V8 15.0, where v8::String::Value is now marked with a class-level V8_DEPRECATED(...) (v8-primitive.h:655):

class V8_DEPRECATED(
    "Prefer using String::ValueView if you can, or string->Write to a "
    "buffer if you cannot.") V8_EXPORT Value {

node-gyp compiles addons with -DV8_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS=1, so this expands to class [[deprecated("…")]] __attribute__((visibility("default"))) Value — a C++11 attribute mixed with a GNU attribute in a class head. GCC ≤ 12 cannot parse this construct (in either attribute order); GCC 13+ and clang accept it. The ubuntu-22.04 runners default to GCC 11, hence Linux-only failures.

This sets CC/CXX to clang (preinstalled on the runners) for the e2e job. Switching the runner to ubuntu-24.04 (GCC 13.3) would also fix the compile, but 24.04 breaks the native crash tests (#1332).

A follow-up fix in @sentry/node-native-stacktrace (e.g. stripping V8_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS in binding.gyp) is needed so end users building the ANR native module against Electron ≥ 43 with stock GCC ≤ 12 (Ubuntu 22.04 / Debian 12) aren't hit by the same failure.

[timfish]

Closing in favour of a fix in @sentry/node-native-stacktrace itself.