August 1, 2026 batch by SchoolyB · Pull Request #2227 · grayscale-lang/grayscale

SchoolyB · 2026-07-31T20:07:07Z

Summary

This PR contains several bug fixes, new features, added test coverage, documentation updates, performance & security improvements, and general cleanup.

Features

Type aliasing — alias keyword for creating type aliases (feat: type aliasing with the alias keyword #2136)
Cross-compilation — zig cc backend support via CLI (feat: add gray cross command for cross-compilation via Zig #2093)
The new() builtin function now supports all primitive types and collection tyoes — extend builtin new() beyond structs to primitives, enums, and collections (feat: extend new() to support all types, not just structs #2193)

Bug Fixes

Fix const_source propagation through pointer assignment (bug: const-sourced pointer write protection bypassed through pointer assignment #2211)
Fix cross-module match on private type aliases (E4021) (bug: 2 dead error codes and 1 misnamed test directory #2226)
Fix bigint comparisons not recognized as bool in println (bug: println() on bigint comparison result generates invalid C #2217)
Fix nested string interpolation brace depth tracking (bug: lexer brace-depth tracking in string interpolation ignores nested string literals #2161)
Fix explicit type annotations for stdlib opaque types (bug: explicit type annotation rejected for stdlib opaque types (E4016), qualified form leaks C error #2216)
Fix chained member access in for_each collection (bug: for_each collection does not support chained member access (a.b.c) #2190)
Fix struct context restore during generic re-check (bug: addr() should allow const variables and catch mutation at the write site instead #2191)
Fix type parameter forwarding between generic functions (bug: i256/u256 subtraction produces wrong results when borrow coincides with max-value limb #2192)
Fix maps.clear crash during iteration (bug: maps.clear() bypasses iteration guard, silently corrupts active for_each #2187)
Fix file-scope const primitives requiring explicit type (bug: file-scope constant variables dont require explicit typing #2120)
Revert perf: typechecker_lookup_using_constant called twice on same label #2149 optimization that caused NULL result segfault
Fix #doc attribute extraction for file-scope variables (bug: gray doc does not extract #doc attributes from file-scope variables #2196)
Restrict project names to ASCII alphanumeric, hyphens, underscores (bug: string interpolation truncates at null bytes #2195)

Security

Reject file paths with embedded null bytes (security: io module passes user-supplied paths directly to OS with no validation — arbitrary file read, write, and delete #1985)
Seed PRNG with arc4random/urandom instead of time(NULL) (bug: random and math modules seed PRNG with time(NULL) #2180)
Eliminate TOCTOU race in thread detach cleanup (bug: thread detach has narrow race between alive check and free #2181)

Performance

Cache typechecker_lookup_using_constant result (perf: typechecker_lookup_using_constant called twice on same label #2149)
Add gray_arena_alloc_uninitialized to eliminate redundant zeroing

Tests

Add unit tests for several stdlib modules (tests: expand unit test coverage for runtime, stdlib, and codegen #2212)
Add many fail tests for previously uncovered error codes (tests: expand integration test coverage for underrepresented language features #2214)
Add several panic code tests (tests: expand unit test coverage for runtime, stdlib, and codegen #2212)
Add e2e codegen tests for bigints, struct functions, multi-return (chore: remove dead mem.make and mem.free registrations #2215)
Add Unit tests for GrayArena, GrayString, GrayArray, GrayMap (tests: expand unit test coverage for runtime, stdlib, and codegen #2212)
Add CLI e2e tests (tests: add end-to-end tests for CLI commands #2213)

Documentation

Man pages for mem, crypto, regex modules (feat: add gray man documentation for remaining 26 stdlib modules #1701)
Add missing Man pages for arrays.any() and arrays.all() (feat: add gray man documentation for remaining 26 stdlib modules #1701)
Updated new() man page (feat: extend new() to support all types, not just structs #2193)
Document const-sourced pointers and aliasing behavior (docs: document pointer aliasing and const-sourced pointer behavior in standard #2189)
Add file-scope variables to #doc attribute spec (bug: gray doc does not extract #doc attributes from file-scope variables #2196)

Misc.

Remove dead code from ast.h, scope.c files and remove deadmem.make()/mem.free() registrations
Extract magic string prefixes to constants
Add gray verify step to CI (tests: add end-to-end tests for CLI commands #2213)
Update README
Update STANDARD.md

#2120)

…#2189) Add pointer aliasing and const-sourced pointer documentation to Section 3.1.10 and safety table rows to Section 11.7, reflecting current compiler behavior after the addr() const changes.

Clarify E3122 to "cannot modify value through pointer; the pointee is a const-declared variable" and update the call site comment and integration test descriptions to match.

…2211)

Add `gray cross build` and `gray cross targets` commands that route the C compilation step through `zig cc` for cross-platform builds. Zig is only required for cross-compilation — native builds are unchanged. Adds `--cc` flag to grayc so the Go CLI can override the C compiler, a target map (linux-amd64, linux-arm64, windows-amd64, mac-arm64, mac-amd64), and Go unit tests for target validation, flag wiring, and error handling.

…2180)

…underscores (#2175)

new() previously only accepted struct types. It now works with primitives, sized integers, floats, arrays, maps, enums (regular, string, tagged), and arbitrarily nested collection types.

…unctions (#2059)

…ant zeroing (#2151) Split gray_arena_alloc into a zeroing wrapper and an uninitialized core. Callers that immediately overwrite the allocation (string ops, array growth, map rehash/clone, bigint conversions) now skip the redundant memset, eliminating double-writes on hot paths.

Add man doc blocks to threads, sync, channels, and atomic headers. Fix malformed man blocks in channels.h. Skip unqualified man lookup for stdlib names that collide with language keywords (e.g. gray man or shows the keyword; gray man atomic.or shows the atomic op).

…revent spurious E4017 (#2197) The Pass 3 generic re-check loop did not save/restore current_struct_name, causing private-access checks to treat calls from within a struct function as external calls when the function used wildcards.

)

) Avoid calling the function twice on the same name by assigning the result in the condition and reusing it.

…ations (#2215) These were superseded by mem.init and mem.destroy but their table entries remained, allowing invalid code to pass typechecking and fail at C compilation.

…egfault The inline assignment `(result = ...) != NULL` clobbered `result` with NULL when the lookup returned nothing, replacing the TYPE_UNKNOWN default and causing a segfault in the typechecker test suite.

…and GrayMap (#2212)

Implement `alias Name = Type` for creating interchangeable type names that are erased at compile time. Supports primitives, structs, enums, collections, and pointers with transitive chain resolution.

) The for_each collection parser only handled single-level member access (obj.field). Replace the one-shot member expression with a while loop that consumes all dot levels, enabling a.b.c.d etc.

…-return, error handling, pointers, containers (#2212)

Define GRAY_SYNTH_PREFIX, GRAY_SYNTH_TMP, and GRAY_SYNTH_OR in ast.h and replace hardcoded "_gray_tmp", "_gray_or", and "_gray_" strings in parser.c, typechecker.c, and codegen.c.

…opaque types (#2216)

…ace depth (#2161)

Cover strings, arrays, maps, math, fmt, encoding, and strconv with direct C unit tests exercising happy paths, edge cases, and result-returning error variants.

…codes (#2214) Adds dedicated fail tests for 42 single-file error codes and 2 multi-file error codes that had no integration test coverage. Covered codes: E1005, E2013, E2062, E2074, E2075, E2076, E2079, E2080, E2081, E2083, E2087, E3007, E3038, E3072, E3075, E3076, E3077, E3078, E3079, E3080, E3081, E3086, E3087, E3088, E3095, E3100, E3111, E3112, E3113, E3114, E3115, E3116, E3125, E3127, E3128, E3129, E4004, E4012, E4014, E5012, E5013, E5027, E5035, E6004.

…name E4006 test (#2226) Remove E3067 from error registry (duplicate of E3027, never emitted). Fix E4021 private type alias check to strip module prefix before comparing (lib_ID -> ID) so cross-module private alias access is correctly rejected. Rename E4006_private_function_access test directory to E4015 to match the error code it actually triggers.

+
+void *gray_arena_alloc(GrayArena *arena, size_t size) {
+    void *ptr = gray_arena_alloc_uninitialized(arena, size);
+    memset(ptr, 0, ALIGN_UP(size, 8));


+                memcpy(sname_buf, fs->name, prefix_len);
+                sname_buf[prefix_len] = '\0';
+                if (is_struct_name(checker, sname_buf))
+                    checker->current_struct_name = sname_buf;


            continue;
        }
+        if (strcmp(argv[i], "--cc") == 0 && i + 1 < argc) {
+            cc_override = argv[++i];


SchoolyB added 30 commits July 27, 2026 13:18

fix(typechecker): require explicit type on file-scope const primitives (

9d6504b

#2120)

docs(standard): document const-sourced pointers and aliasing behavior (…

85b9e6a

…#2189) Add pointer aliasing and const-sourced pointer documentation to Section 3.1.10 and safety table rows to Section 11.7, reflecting current compiler behavior after the addr() const changes.

docs(errors): reword E3122 message and update test comments (#2189)

e11de97

Clarify E3122 to "cannot modify value through pointer; the pointee is a const-declared variable" and update the call site comment and integration test descriptions to match.

fix(typechecker): propagate const_source through pointer assignment (#…

d232152

…2211)

fix(runtime): add iteration guard to maps.clear (#2187)

c1eaf00

fix(cli): extract #doc attributes from file-scope variables (#2196)

786c724

docs(standard): add file-scope variables to #doc attribute (#2196)

b058e81

fix(stdlib): seed PRNG with arc4random/urandom instead of time(NULL) (#…

fb64fff

…2180)

fix(cli): restrict project names to ASCII alphanumeric, hyphens, and …

09c2392

…underscores (#2175)

fix(stdlib): eliminate TOCTOU race in thread detach cleanup (#2181)

99d3080

feat(builtin): extend new() to support all types (#2193)

6e62ec7

new() previously only accepted struct types. It now works with primitives, sized integers, floats, arrays, maps, enums (regular, string, tagged), and arbitrarily nested collection types.

fix(typechecker): support type parameter forwarding between generic f…

376fc83

…unctions (#2059)

docs(builtin): update new() man page to reflect all-type support (#2193)

7cfb716

docs(stdlib): add man pages for mem, crypto, and regex modules (#1701)

6da0508

docs(stdlib): add missing man pages for arrays.any and arrays.all (#1701

9e27955

)

perf(typechecker): cache typechecker_lookup_using_constant result (#2149

ad26cf3

) Avoid calling the function twice on the same name by assigning the result in the condition and reusing it.

chore(typechecker,codegen): remove dead mem.make and mem.free registr…

e75cc25

…ations (#2215) These were superseded by mem.init and mem.destroy but their table entries remained, allowing invalid code to pass typechecking and fail at C compilation.

fix(typechecker): revert #2149 optimization that caused NULL result s…

0fa296b

…egfault The inline assignment `(result = ...) != NULL` clobbered `result` with NULL when the lookup returned nothing, replacing the TYPE_UNKNOWN default and causing a segfault in the typechecker test suite.

ci: add gray verify step after build (#2213)

6dbf102

tests(cli): add e2e tests for CLI commands (#2213)

3816945

tests(runtime): add unit tests for GrayArena, GrayString, GrayArray, …

5083010

…and GrayMap (#2212)

feat(lang): add type aliasing with alias keyword (#2136)

6d244d8

Implement `alias Name = Type` for creating interchangeable type names that are erased at compile time. Supports primitives, structs, enums, collections, and pointers with transitive chain resolution.

tests(runtime): add fork-based unit tests for 37 panic codes (#2212)

2b8a170

fix(parser): support chained member access in for_each collection (#2190

2246564

) The for_each collection parser only handled single-level member access (obj.field). Replace the one-shot member expression with a while loop that consumes all dot levels, enabling a.b.c.d etc.

tests(codegen): add 22 e2e tests for bigints, struct functions, multi…

ece0fc7

…-return, error handling, pointers, containers (#2212)

chore: remove dead code from ast.h & scope.c

ef1df4e

SchoolyB added 9 commits July 28, 2026 02:45

chore: extract magic string prefixes to constants

29a315a

Define GRAY_SYNTH_PREFIX, GRAY_SYNTH_TMP, and GRAY_SYNTH_OR in ast.h and replace hardcoded "_gray_tmp", "_gray_or", and "_gray_" strings in parser.c, typechecker.c, and codegen.c.

chore: Update README

cd6c544

fix(codegen): recognize bigint comparisons as bool in println (#2217)

1307f12

fix(typechecker,codegen): allow explicit type annotations for stdlib …

f946806

…opaque types (#2216)

fix(lexer,parser): skip nested strings when tracking interpolation br…

6043334

…ace depth (#2161)

tests(stdlib): add 128 unit tests for 7 stdlib modules (#2212)

63c8651

Cover strings, arrays, maps, math, fmt, encoding, and strconv with direct C unit tests exercising happy paths, edge cases, and result-returning error variants.

security(io): reject file paths with embedded null bytes (#1985)

2c157fb

docs: regenerate ERRORS.md from error_codes.h

0ded705

SchoolyB linked an issue Jul 31, 2026 that may be closed by this pull request

feat: type aliasing with the alias keyword #2136

Closed

SchoolyB removed a link to an issue Jul 31, 2026

feat: type aliasing with the alias keyword #2136

Closed

SchoolyB and others added 2 commits July 31, 2026 16:57

chore(tests): clean up test binaries and dSYM dirs after test runs

8505015

docs: regenerate ERRORS.md from error_codes.h

93cc307

SchoolyB changed the title ~~August 1, 2026~~ August 1, 2026 batch Jul 31, 2026

github-advanced-security AI found potential problems Jul 31, 2026

View reviewed changes

SchoolyB merged commit 54041c8 into main Jul 31, 2026
4 of 8 checks passed

SchoolyB deleted the batch/august-1-2026 branch July 31, 2026 22:59

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August 1, 2026 batch - #2227

August 1, 2026 batch#2227
SchoolyB merged 42 commits into
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SchoolyB commented Jul 31, 2026 •

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SchoolyB commented Jul 31, 2026 • edited Loading Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page.

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Summary

Features

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Security

Performance

Tests

Documentation

Misc.

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SchoolyB commented Jul 31, 2026 •

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