🐛 ensure typeinfo and vtable information is present for CompoundOperation

[burgholzer]

Description

This PR ensures that all the different Operation sub-classes get a corresponding typeinfo and vtable symbol in the compiled binaries. This is important for RTTI when using shared libraries and ensured that dynamic_casts across library boundaries work as intended. Specifically, the CompoundOperation class was only defined in a header, which led to the omission of said information. This is fixed by creating a dedicated .cpp file and moving at least one definition there.

This was discovered while working on #538 in combination with mqt-ddsim.

Checklist:

• The pull request only contains commits that are related to it.
• I have added appropriate tests and documentation.
• I have made sure that all CI jobs on GitHub pass.
• The pull request introduces no new warnings and follows the project's style guidelines.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: 17 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (2141558) 91.2% compared to head (4069945) 91.0%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##            main    #548     +/-   ##
=======================================
- Coverage   91.2%   91.0%   -0.2%     
=======================================
  Files        130     131      +1     
  Lines      13639   13664     +25     
  Branches    2144    2150      +6     
=======================================
+ Hits       12442   12444      +2     
- Misses      1197    1220     +23     

Flag	Coverage Δ
cpp	90.7% <81.9%> (-0.2%)	⬇️
python	99.5% <ø> (ø)

Files	Coverage Δ
include/mqt-core/operations/CompoundOperation.hpp	100.0% <100.0%> (+6.7%)	⬆️
src/operations/CompoundOperation.cpp	81.7% <81.7%> (ø)

... and 1 file with indirect coverage changes