feat: added basic trigonometry functions

[Lavanya-Talele]

📝 Description

Added sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant and cosecant functions along with a simple function to clean the values as due to floating point precision errors, accurate results were not being shown.

🔗 Linked Issue

Closes #433

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📋 Contribution Checklist

• My code strictly adheres to the project guidelines (Standard library only, procedural code, clean spacing).
• I have verified that my files are placed in the correct directory.
• I have tested my changes thoroughly on my local machine.
• I have included interactive emojis and clean console/UI outputs.
• GSSoC 2026: I have been formally assigned to this issue and noted it above.

[vercel]

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