vollib is a python library for calculating option prices, implied volatility and greeks. At its core is Peter Jaeckel's source code for LetsBeRational, an extremely fast and accurate algorithm for obtaining Black's implied volatility from option prices.
Building on this solid foundation, vollib provides functions to calculate option prices, implied volatility and greeks using Black, Black-Scholes, and Black-Scholes-Merton. vollib implements both analytical and numerical greeks for each of the three pricing formulae.
Strike prices (K) must be strictly positive for the Black, Black-Scholes, and Black-Scholes-Merton pricing functions. A zero strike call has a well-defined mathematical limit, but vollib does not special-case that boundary; it preserves the domain and behavior of the underlying LetsBeRational implementation. If an application wants to support K = 0, handle that boundary before calling vollib.
This domain requirement applies equally to calls and puts:
| Strike input | Calls | Puts |
|---|---|---|
K = 0 |
raises ZeroDivisionError |
raises ZeroDivisionError |
K < 0 |
raises ValueError |
raises ValueError |
vollib 1.0.7 supports Python 3.9 through 3.12.
pip install vollibThe original vollib 0.1.x package was the Python 2.7/C-SWIG implementation. It remains available on PyPI for pinned legacy installs, but it is deprecated.
The py_vollib 1.0.x package name was introduced for the pure-Python implementation with Python 3 support. Starting with vollib 1.0.7, the canonical package name is again vollib.
The canonical Python package is now vollib. Existing py_vollib.* imports remain available as a compatibility namespace for this transition release, but they are deprecated. New code should import from vollib:
from vollib.black_scholes import black_scholesExisting code like this will continue to work for now:
from py_vollib.black_scholes import black_scholesThe temporary vollib-test package was a bridge while the official package release path was being repaired. It is superseded by the official vollib package.
vollib can calculate implied volatility from a known option price. For example, using Black-Scholes:
from vollib.black_scholes import black_scholes
from vollib.black_scholes.implied_volatility import implied_volatility
flag = "c"
S = 100
K = 100
t = 0.5
r = 0.01
sigma = 0.2
price = black_scholes(flag, S, K, t, r, sigma)
iv = implied_volatility(price, S, K, t, r, flag)The same pattern is available for Black and Black-Scholes-Merton through their respective implied_volatility modules.
cody-special- High-precision error functions and normal distributionpiecewise-rational- Shape-preserving piecewise rational cubic interpolationpy_lets_be_rational- Pure Python implementation of Peter Jaeckel's LetsBeRationalnumpypandasscipysimplejson
vollib contains vollib.ref_python, a pure python version of the functions in vollib.*. It is provided purely as a reference implementation for sanity checking.
"Let's Be Rational" is a paper by Peter Jaeckel showing "how Black's volatility can be implied from option prices with as little as two iterations to maximum attainable precision on standard (64 bit floating point) hardware for all possible inputs."
The paper is accompanied by the full C source code, which resides at www.jaeckel.org/LetsBeRational.7z.
Copyright (c) 2013-2014 Peter Jaeckel.
Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software is freely granted,
provided that this notice is preserved.
WARRANTY DISCLAIMER
The Software is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind, either express or implied,
including without limitation any implied warranties of condition, uninterrupted use,
merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or non-infringement.
MIT