feat: AnalysisWeak — weak lensing modeling (weak series step 4)

[Jammy2211]

Summary

Adds al.AnalysisWeak so a non-linear search can fit lens mass models to a WeakDataset shear catalogue — step 4 (the keystone) of the weak-lensing series (#579). autolens/weak/model/ mirrors autolens/point/model/: FitWeak already follows FitPoint's standalone pattern, and AnalysisWeak.log_likelihood_function builds a Tracer from the instance and returns FitWeak(dataset, tracer).log_likelihood. VisualizerWeak/PlotterWeak wire the nine existing weak quiver plotters into on-the-fly search visualization.

API Changes

Added only — no existing symbol removed, renamed or changed.

• al.AnalysisWeak(dataset, cosmology=, title_prefix=, use_jax=False) — new Analysis class for WeakDataset fits. use_jax defaults to False (FitWeak is NumPy-only; JAX needs pytree registration — deliberate future work).
• New packaged config sections weak_dataset / fit_weak in config/visualize/plots.yaml (workspaces should mirror — done in the companion workspace PR).
  See full details below.

Test Plan

• Full test_autolens/ suite in the task worktree: 347 passed.
• New test_autolens/weak/test_analysis.py: analysis-vs-FitWeak likelihood equality, noise-free zero-chi-squared round trip, wrong-model likelihood ordering, save_attributes dataset.json round trip.
• End-to-end Nautilus fit via autolens_workspace/scripts/weak/modeling.py recovers simulator truth within 1σ.

Validation checklist (--auto run — plan was not pre-approved)

• Effective level: supervised (header: supervised, cap: feature → supervised)
• Plan: on the issue (feat: AnalysisWeak — weak lensing modeling (weak series step 4) #579), written at start, unmodified since (Brain suggested a 4-phase split; consolidated to the series' proven 2-PR shape)
• Gate: tests 347-pass · smoke n/a (additive weak-only surface; modeling.py ran end-to-end as the exercise) · review human sign-off on feat: AnalysisWeak — weak lensing modeling (weak series step 4) #579 · Heart YELLOW (reason set surfaced in the sign-off question; human approved)
• Human: ship approved on feat: AnalysisWeak — weak lensing modeling (weak series step 4) #579 (sign-off comment)
• Human: merge, amend, or reject — then log the outcome

Full API Changes (for automation & release notes)

Added

• autolens.weak.model.analysis.AnalysisWeak (exported as al.AnalysisWeak) — fits lens mass models to WeakDataset shear catalogues; Result = ResultWeak, Visualizer = VisualizerWeak.
• autolens.weak.model.result.ResultWeak — Result subclass with fallback uniform grid and max_log_likelihood_fit (a FitWeak).
• autolens.weak.model.plotter.PlotterWeak — dataset_weak() / fit_weak(quick_update=) behind plot_setting sections weak_dataset / ["fit", "fit_weak"].
• autolens.weak.model.visualizer.VisualizerWeak — af.Visualizer for search-time output (dataset subplot before fit; fit subplot + tracer/galaxies during).
• Config: weak_dataset.subplot_dataset: true and fit_weak: {} in packaged config/visualize/plots.yaml.

Migration

• None required — purely additive.

Closes #579 only after the companion workspace PR merges (library-first gate).

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